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Aquatic community structure and stream habitat in a karst agricultural landscape

Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 155-170页

作者： neal d.mundahl Erik d.mundahl department of Biology and Southeastern Minnesota Water Resources Center Winona State UniversityWinonaMN 55987USA mundahl Nordic Services Glennallen/McCarthyP.O.Box MXYAlaska 99588USA

Background:Watersheds dominated by agriculture often have significant,negative impacts on local stream habitats and *** study examined stream biota and habitats within an entire stream in a karst agricultural landscape to determine if several decades of watershed conservation and management had reversed the severe degradation caused by poor land use and catastrophic soil erosion during the 1920s and ***:Fish communities and stream habitats were degraded at over half of the 22 stream sites examined,and benthic macroinvertebrate communities were mostly poor throughout the entire *** fish communities were associated with missing or narrow riparian buffers,high percent fine sediments,high embeddedness of coarse sub-strates,and homogeneous run *** communities were dominated by filter-feeding taxa and those adapted to life on or within fine *** sites with wide buffers and influenced by groundwater springs had higher fish community integrity and good to excellent instream ***:Our results suggest that wide riparian buffers and karstic springs may have allowed recovery of some stream reaches,but more extensive buffers and additional soil conservation practices in upland areas likely are necessary to protect most stream segments and their biota from on-going agricultural *** state stream buffer laws instituted after this study resulted in establishment of vegetated buffers at all study sites,which may lead to improved stream habitat and biotic communities in future *** invertebrate community improvement also may require translocation of sensitive taxa from nearby watersheds due to limited dispersal abilities of many species currently absent from the study *** frequency and intensity of storm events and flooding may hinder future recovery of stream habitats and biota.

关键词： Agricultural stream Fish Macroinvertebrates Stream habitats Karst

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Prevention of erectile dysfunction after radiotherapy for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 805-806页

作者： Izak Faiena neal Patel Allen d Seftel division of Urology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonMedical School N J USA 2division of Urology Cooper Medical School of Rowan University CamdenN J USA.

With increasing scrutiny of prostate cancer （PCa） diagnosis and treatment, much attention has been given to the morbidity caused by radical prostatectomy （RP） and/or radiotherapy （RT）. One of the most common side-effects of either treatment is erectile dysfunction （Ed）.1 Approximately, 40% of patients will experience Ed after RT for PCa. The post-RT Ed causes significant patient dissatisfaction with cancer treatment as well as decrease in patient and partner psychosocial function,z To address this issue in patients undergoing RT, Pisansky et al.3 conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a phosphodiesterase enzyme-5 inhibitor （PdE5i）, tadalafil, as a preventive measure for patients undergoing RT for PCa and found no difference in erectile function between the control and treatment groups.

关键词： EXTERNAL-BEAM RAdIOTHERAPY TAdALAFIL 5 MG RAdIATION-THERAPY TRIAL MEN SATISFACTION EFFICACY

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Switchgrass sward establishment selection is consistent across multiple environments and fertilization levels

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Grassland Research 2022年第4期1卷 252-261页

作者： neal W.Tilhou Michael d.Casler department of Agronomy University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA USdA-ARS US Dairy Forage Research CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA

Background Strong selection can occur during switchgrass sward *** in establishment selection due to environment or management could provide information on genotype-by-environment variation and could influence strategies for breeding perennial *** Leaf samples were collected before sward establishment and from 3-year-old swards for two breeding groups(lowland and hybrid)at three *** two locations,samples were collected from paired fertilized(112 kg N ha−1)and unfertilized *** frequencies from pooled dNA samples were studied through multivariate analysis of variance,genomewide trait predictions(heading date and winter survivorship),and genomically estimated breeding values(GEBVs)for individual sward survival within an independent data *** This study found only minor variations in selection due to location or *** heading dates of the hybrid population had significant changes due to fertilization and *** were strong correlations among sward establishment survival GEBVs between growing environments(hybrid r=0.77;gulf r=0.97).Interestingly,this study found a small number of genotypes that were over-represented in established swards across all growing environments.

关键词： genomic prediction grassland establishment Panicum virgatum polygenic traits selection

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Characterization of Leaf Transcriptome in Banksia hookeriana

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第1期15卷 49-56页

作者： Sim Lin Lim Haylee M.d'Agui neal J.Enright Tianhua He department of Environment and Agriculture Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthWA 6150Australia

Abstract Banksia is a significant element in vegetation of southwestern Australia, a biodiversity hotspot with global significance. In particular, Banksia hookeriana represents a species with significant economic and ecological importance in the region. For better conservation and management, we reported an overview of transcriptome of B. hookeriana using RNA-seq and de novo assembly. We have generated a total of 202.7 million reads （18.91 billion of nucleotides） from four leaf sam- ples in four plants of B. hookeriana, and assembled 59,063 unigenes （average size = 1098 bp） through de novo transcriptomc assembly. Among them, 39,686 unigenes were annotated against the Swiss-Prot, Clusters of Orthologous Groups （COG）, and NCBI non-redundant （NR） protein databases. We showed that there was approximately one single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） per 5.6-7.1 kb in the transcriptome, and the ratio of transitional to transversional polymorphisms was approximately 1.82. We compared unigenes of B. hookeriana to those of Arabidopsis thaliana and Nelumbo nucifera through sequence homology, Gene Ontology （GO） annotation, and KEGG pathway analyses. The comparative analysis revealed that unigenes of B. hookeriana were closely related to those of N. nucifera. B. hookeriana, N. nucifera, and A. thaliana shared similar GO anno- tations but different distributions in KEGG pathways, indicating that B. hookeriana has adapted to dry-Mediterranean type shrublands via regulating expression of specific genes. In total 1927 potential simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were discovered, which could be used in the genotype and genetic diversity studies of the Banksia genus. Our results provide valuable sequence resource for further study in Banksia.

关键词： Banksia hookeriana Gene annotation RNA-seq SSR marker Transcriptome

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Environmental drivers and genomic architecture of trait differentiation in fire-adapted Banksia attenuata ecotypes

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第4期61卷 417-432页

作者： Tianhua He Byron B.Lamont neal J.Enright Haylee M.d'Agui William Stock School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Centre for Ecosystem Management Edith Cowan University

Trait divergence between populations is considered an adaptive response to different environments,but to what extent this response is accompanied by genetic differentiation is less clear since it may be phenotypic plasticity. In this study, we analyzed phenotypic variation between two Banksia attenuata growth forms, lignotuberous(shrub) and epicormic resprouting(tree), in fire-prone environments to identify the environmental factors that have driven this phenotypic divergence. We linked genotype with phenotype and traced candidate genes using differential gene expression analysis. Fire intervals determined the phenotypic divergence between growth forms in B. attenuata. A genome-wide association study identified 69 single nucleotide polymorphisms, putatively associated with growth form, whereas no growth form-or phenotype-specific genotypes were eidentified. Genomic differentiation between the two growth forms was low(F_(st)=0.024). differential gene expression analysis identified 37 genes/transcripts that were differentially expressed in the two growth forms. A small heat-shock protein gene, associated with lignotuber presence, was differentially expressed in the two *** conclude that different fire regimes induce phenotypic polymorphism in B. attenuata, whereas phenotypic trait divergence involves the differential expression of a small fraction of genes that interact strongly with the disturbance regime. Thus, phenotypic plasticity among resprouters is the general strategy for surviving varying fire regimes.

关键词： Environmental drivers genomic architecture trait differentiation

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A dual-Chaining Watermark Scheme for data Integrity Protection in Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第3期58卷 679-695页

作者： Baowei Wang Weiwen Kong Wei Li neal NXiong Jiangsu Engineering Centre of Network Monitoring Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information and Control from Fujian Provincial Education department Fuzhou350108China department of Mathematics and Computer Science Northeastern State UniversityOklahomaUSA.

Chaining watermark is an effective way to verify the integrity of streaming data in wireless network environment,especially in resource-constrained sensor networks,such as the perception layer of Internet of Things ***,in all existing single chaining watermark schemes,how to ensure the synchronization between the data sender and the receiver is still an unsolved *** the synchronization points are attacked by the adversary,existing data integrity authentication schemes are difficult to work properly,and the false negative rate might be up to 50 *** the additional fixed group delimiters not only increase the data size,but are also easily detected by *** this paper,we propose an effective dual-chaining watermark scheme,called dCW,for data integrity protection in smart campus IoT *** proposed dCW scheme has the following three characteristics:(1)In order to authenticate the integrity of the data,fragile watermarks are generated and embedded into the data in a chaining way using dynamic grouping;(2)Instead of additional fixed group delimiters,chained watermark delimiters are proposed to synchronize the both transmission sides in case of the synchronization points are tampered;(3)To achieve lossless integrity authentication,a reversible watermarking technique is *** experimental results and security analysis can prove that the proposed dCW scheme is able to effectively authenticate the integrity of the data with free distortion at low cost in our smart meteorological Internet of Things system.

关键词： dual-chaining reversible watermark integrity authentication Internet of things.

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Epitaxially aligned single-crystal gold nanoplates formed in large-area arrays at high yield

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 296-303页

作者： Trevor B.demille Robert d.neal Arin S.Preston Zijuan Liang Allen G.Oliver Robert A.Hughes Svetlana Neretina College of Engineering University of Notre DameNotre DameIndiana 46556USA department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre DameNotre DameIndiana 46556USA

Well-tailored nanomaterials with a single-crystal character provide ideal building blocks for on-chip plasmonic *** colloidal methods have demonstrated mastery over the synthesis of such structures,it has proven quite difficult to deploy these same nanomaterials on substrate surfaces in a highly deterministic manner where precise control over position and orientation is ***,we demonstrate a room-temperature two-reagent liquid-phase seed-mediated synthesis of gold nanoplates directly on substrate surfaces in arrays over a square-centimeter *** synthesis is reliant on benchtop lithographic and directed-assembly processes that give rise to single-crystal seeds of gold that express both an epitaxial relationship with the underlying substrate and the internal defect structure required to promote a two-dimensional growth *** resulting structures are highly faceted and,because seed-substrate epitaxy is imposed upon the growing nanoplates,are identically aligned on the substrate *** yields are increased to values as high as 95%using a post-processing sonication procedure that selectively removes a small population of irregularly shaped nanostructures from the substrate surface,and in doing so,gives rise to an uncompromised plasmonic *** work,therefore,advances the techniques needed to integrate single-crystal nanomaterials with wafer-based technologies and provides leading-edge capabilities in terms of defining large-area arrays of plasmonic structures with the nanoplate geometry.

关键词： nanoplates epitaxial array plasmon Brij-700 block copolymer substrate

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Strong parallel evidence of selection during switchgrass sward establishment in hybrid and lowland ecotypes

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Grassland Research 2022年第1期1卷 31-42页

作者： neal W.Tilhou Shawn M.Kaeppler Michael d.Casler department of Agronomy University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA USdA-ARS U.S.Dairy Forage Research CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA

Background:Switchgrass sward establishment results in up to 90%seedling *** degree of selection during sward establishment has not been reported using modern genetic ***:Pooled leaf samples were sequenced from replicated swards of 46 half-sib families from two breeding groups(lowland and hybrid)before and through 3 years of stand *** allele frequencies were then assessed using fixation indices(Fst)and an independent data set was used to predict the polygenic impact of establishment selection on two traits(heading date and winter survivorship).Last,the dNA pools were assigned survival rankings to predict the sward survival genomically estimated breeding values within the training data ***:Strong and parallel selection occured in both breeding *** genomic regions exceeded the significant threshold of 99.9%in>10 families,indicating consistent selection across families and breeding *** trait predictions determined that establishment selection was partially associated with winter survivorship but resulted in variable heading date *** genomewide variation is consistent with selection for a small number of related parental ***:This study observed strong selection for a small number of hybrid and coastal ecotype individuals which are promising germplasm sources for improved sward *** confirms prior reports of sward selection during grassland establishment and highlights the strength of pooled dNA sequencing for survival traits.

关键词： genomic prediction grassland establishment Panicum virgatum polygenic traits selection

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The giant Kalgoorlie Gold Field revisited

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第3期7卷 359-374页

作者： Noreen Mary Vielreicher david Ian Groves neal Jesse McNaughton department of Material Science and Physics University of Salzburg Centre for Exploration Targeting University of Western Australia John de Laeter Centre for Isotope Research Curtin University

The Neoarchaean Kaigoorlie Gold Field contains the giant Golden Mile and world-class Mt Charlotte deposits,which have been the subject of much research for over 100 *** Golden Mile deposit is a complex array of ductile to brittle vein and breccia lodes that are predominantly hosted in the highlyfractionated Golden Mile dolerite *** Fimiston lodes comprise an array of narrow lodes that evolved broadly syn- to late-formation of the regional d2 NW-trending *** lodes are characterized by pyrite veinlets and disseminations,quartz veinlets and breccias,and banded quartz-carbonate veins with sericite,carbonate,and pyrite-dominated *** Green-Leader,or Oroya-style,lodes,with grades in excess of 1000 g/t Au,are similar to the Fimiston-style lodes,but are characterized by abundant visible gold,native tellurium and more abundant telluride minerals within roscoelitebearing alteration *** arguably structurally younger Mt Charlotte-style lodes are characterized by a pipe-shaped,coarse-grained quartz,carbonate and scheelite vein-stockwork with distinct verticallyzoned,carbonate-sericite-albite-pyrite ± pyrrhotite dominant alteration assemblages around veins within Unit 8 of the Golden Mile dolerite and porphyry *** network of steep- and gently-dipping extension and shear fracture-fill veins are associated with NE-trending fault se ts that cross cut the regional *** deposit area is intruded by swarms of porphyry dykes,including syn-volcanic mafic dykes,early and volumetrically most significant c.2.67 Ga feldspar-phyric porphyry dykes,as well as later c.2.66-2.65 Ga calc-alkaline hornblende-phyric dykes associated with younger c.2.65-2.64 Ga lamprophyre *** post-volcanic dykes have similar orientations to the Fimiston *** feldspar dykes are clearly overprinted by all styles of mineralization,although the relationship between hornblende-phyric and lamprophyre dykes and gold mineralization is more *** agree

关键词： Kalgoorlie Golden Mile Mount Charlotte Gold giant Orogenic gold Magmatic-hydrothermal gold

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Novel concepts in radiation-induced cardiovascular disease

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World Journal of Cardiology 2016年第9期8卷 504-519页

作者： Jason R Cuomo Gyanendra K Sharma Preston d Conger neal L Weintraub department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University department of Medicine Division of CardiologyMedical College of Georgia at Augusta University

Radiation-induced cardiovascular disease(RICVd) is the most common nonmalignant cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors who have undergone mediastinal radiation therapy(RT).Cardiovascular complications include effusive or constrictive pericarditis,cardiomyopathy,valvular heart disease,and coronary/vascular *** are pathophysiologically distinct disease entities whose prevalence varies depending on the timing and extent of radiation exposure to the heart and great *** refinements in RT dosimetry and shielding will inevitably limit future cases of RICVd,the increasing number of long-term cancer survivors,including those treated with older higher-dose RT regimens,will ensure a steady flow of afflicted patients for the foreseeable ***,there is a pressing need for enhanced understanding of the disease mechanisms,and improved detection methods and treatment *** characterized mechanisms responsible for the establishment of chronic fibrosis,such as oxidative stress,inflammation and epigenetic modifications,are discussed and linked to potential treatments currently under *** imaging modalities may serve as powerful screening tools in RICVd,and recent research and expert opinion advocating their use is *** arguing for the aggressive use of percutaneous interventions,such as transcutaneous valve replacement and drug-eluting stents,are examined and considered in the context of prior therapeutic *** and its treatment options are the subject of a rich and dynamic body of research,and patients who are at risk or suffering from this disease will benefit from the care of physicians with specialty expertise in the emerging field of cardiooncology.

关键词： Radiotherapy Radiation Cardiovascular Atherosclerosis Cardiomyopathy Pericarditis Valvular Hodgkin Breast cancer Radiation fibrosis

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