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Density and Strength of Mortar Made with the Mixture of Wood Ash, Crushed Gneiss and River Sand as Fine Aggregate

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期6卷 109-120页

作者： Mambou Ngueyep Luc Leroy Keyangue Tchouata Jules Hermann Atangana Nkene Elise Rose Ndop Joseph Fotseu Miyo Christian Dupont ndjaka jean-marie bienvenu Laboratory of Material Sciences Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundéré Meiganga Cameroon Douala Institute of Technology Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The main purpose of this paper is to study the feasibility of using wood bottom ash to partially replace natural fine aggregate or crushed gneiss sand in the manufacturing of mortars. The experiment uses wood ash as fine aggregates, which passes through 5 mm sieve, in proportions of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by weight to replace partially river sand and crushed gneiss, and the both sand of the same size as the aggregate respectively. Experimental results show that density of mortar and the compressive strength of mortar decrease globally with the increase in wood ash content. At 56 days, and for all replacements with wood ash, compressive strengths values of mortar obtained with the mixture of wood ash and river sand is greater than 20 MPa, which is not the case for mortar made with crushed gneiss and wood ash. Moreover, for 5% of replacement with wood ash, compressive strengths of mortar obtained with the mixture of wood ash and river sand and the mixture of wood ash and crushed gneiss are respectively 37 MPa and 32 MPa at 56 days. These values satisfied the strength requirements. Hence, 5% replacement of crushed gneiss with wood ash is suggested and could be benefit for mortar. In addition, the replacement of sand by wood ash is preferable with river sand which contains fewer fines than crushed gneiss. The compressive strength of mortar with 25% wood ash + river sand could be suitable.

关键词： Wood Bottom Ash River Sand Crushed Gneiss Mortar Compressive Strength Density

SmartMicro Grid Energy System Management Based on Optimum Running Cost for Rural Communities in Rwanda

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Energy Engineering 2024年第7期121卷 1805-1821页

作者： Fabien Mukundufite jean marie Vianney Bikorimana Alexander Kyaruzi Lugatona Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department University of RwandaKigaliRwanda Electrical Engineering Department University of Dar es SalaamDar es SalaamTanzania

The governmental electric utility and the private sector are joining hands to meet the target of electrifying all households by ***,the aforementioned goal is challenged by households that are scattered in remote *** far,Solar Home Systems(SHS)have mostly been applied to increase electricity access in rural *** have continuous constraints to meet electricity demands and cannot run income-generating *** current research presents the feasibility study of electrifying Remera village with the smart microgrid as a case *** renewable energy resources available in Remera are the key sources of electricity in that *** generation capacity is estimated based on the load *** microgrid configurations are simulated with HOMER,and the genetic algorithm is used to analyze the optimum *** analyzing the impact of operation and maintenance costs,the results show that the absence of subsidies increases the levelized cost of electricity(COE)five times greater than the electricity price from the public *** microgrid made up of PV,diesel generator,and batteries proved to be the most viable solution and ensured continuous power supply to *** considering the subsidies,COE reaches 0.186$/kWh,a competitive price with electricity from public utilities in Rwanda.

关键词： Load demand load profile optimum running cost power demand satisfaction smart meters and smart micro grid

Modeling and numerical analysis of granite rock specimen under mechanical loading and fire

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2015年第1期7卷 101-108页

作者： Luc Leroy Ngueyep. Mambou Joseph Ndop jean-marie bienvenu ndjaka Laboratory of Sciences Material Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Department of Mine Mineral Processing and Environment School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Meiganga Cameroon Douala Institute of Technology Douala Cameroon

The effect of ISO 834 fire on the mechanical properties of granite rock specimen submitted to uniaxial loading is numerically investigated. Based on Newton＇s second law, the rate-equation model of granite rock specimen under mechanical load and fire is established. The effect of heat treatment on the me- chanical performance of granite is analyzed at the center and the ends of specimen. At the free end of granite rock specimen, it is shown that from 20 ~C to 500 ~C, the internal stress and internal strain are weak; whereas above 500 ~C, they start to increase rapidly, announcing the imminent collapse. At the center of specimen, the analysis of the internal stress and internal strain reveals that the fire reduces the mechanical performance of granite significantly. Moreover, it is found that after 3 min of exposure to fire, the mechanical energy necessary to fragment the granite can be reduced up to 80%.

关键词： Granite rock specimenHigh temperatureInternal stressInternal strainISO 834 fire

Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Children Exposed to SARS-CoV-2 at the COVID-19 Treatment Center at the ISIRO Hospital and WATSA in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 73-81页

作者： Hilaire Lisimo Abwa David Azako Michel Ngbatala bienvenu Apenya Jolie Mambeizidra Julbert Malangu Eugene Kumbodimo George Mutuale Herman Luhavo jean Claude Gbundu Fiston Bolanda François Enze marie Tasile Yvette Kpakpo Nyange Nicholas Katembo Clinics Universitaires Uele Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Uele Isiro Democratic Republic of the Congo General Hospital of Isiro Isiro Democratic Republic of the Congo Division Provinciale de la Sant du Haut Ul Isiro Democratic Republic of the Congo Additional Vaccination Program for Watsa Watsa Democratic Republic of the Congo Center Hospitalier KIBALI Durba Democratic Republic of the Congo Hospital General of Watsa Watsa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Introduction: COVID-19, an emerging infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), typically presents with mild clinical manifestations in pediatric populations. As in many other regions of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the COVID-19 pandemic affected children in Haut-Uélé, a province bordering South Sudan and Uganda. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 in pediatric population in this area. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a 6-month period from August 1, 2021 to February 7, 2022. It included all patients aged 0 to 19 years with confirmed COVID-19 using RT-PCR and managed at the COVID-19 Treatment Centers (CTCO) in ISIRO and WATSA. Data were collected from patient records supplemented by the dataset from the service of Health Information System (SNIS) and the Epidemiological Surveillance Commission of the Provincial Health Division (DPS). Epidemiological and clinical profiles were analyzed. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, Version 18. Results: During the 4th wave of the pandemic, 5 out of 13 health zones in Haut-Uélé province were affected, with a total of 569 recorded cases;45 of them were children aged 0 to 19 years (7.9%). Asymptomatic cases accounted for 33.3% (15 cases). The mean age was 9.88 ± 5.49 years, with the most affected age group being 10 - 14 years (44.45%). There was a predominance of males (73.3%), with a male-to-female sex ratio of 2.75. Half of the patients (53.3%) were from Watsa Health Zone. A seasonal peak was observed between December and January. Comorbidities were present in 10% of infected patients, and nearly half of participants were contacts of infected individuals. The primary reasons for admission were fever (66.66%), followed by rhinorrhea (57.77%) and cough (31.11%). All patients responded favorably to treatment. Conclusion: The proportion of pediatric COVID-19 cases at t

关键词： COVID-19 Morbi-Mortal Emergency Haut-Uélé

Modeling and numerical analysis of granite rock specimen under mechanical loading and fire

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岩石力学与工程学报 2015年第1期34卷 101-108页

作者： Luc Leroy Ngueyep.Mambou Joseph Ndop jean-marie bienvenu ndjaka Laboratory of Sciences Material Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaoundé Department of Mine Mineral Processing and EnvironmentSchool of Geology and Mining EngineeringUniversity of Ngaoundéré Douala Institute of Technology

The effect of ISO 834 fire on the mechanical properties of granite rock specimen submitted to uniaxial loading is numerically investigated. Based on Newton's second law, the rate-equation model of granite rock specimen under mechanical load and fire is established. The effect of heat treatment on the mechanical performance of granite is analyzed at the center and the ends of specimen. At the free end of granite rock specimen, it is shown that from 20 C to 500 C, the internal stress and internal strain are weak; whereas above 500 C, they start to increase rapidly, announcing the imminent collapse. At the center of specimen, the analysis of the internal stress and internal strain reveals that the fi re reduces the mechanical performance of granite signi fi cantly. Moreover, it is found that after 3 min of exposure to fi re,the mechanical energy necessary to fragment the granite can be reduced up to 80%.

关键词： Granite rock specimen High temperature Internal stress Internal strain ISO 834 fire

International Healthcare Terminologies for Morbidity New Era: SNOMED and ICD11

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 357-368页

作者： jean marie Rodrigues Constant Kone Michel Babri Béatrice Trombert Universit jean Monnet Saint Etienne France Felix Houphout Boigny National Polytechnic Institute Yamoussoukro Cote dIvoire

The Information Technology (IT) developments have changed the use of Healthcare terminologies from paper-based mortality statistics with the WHO international classifications of diseases (ICD) to the IT-based morbidity implementations for instance for Casemix-based healthcare funding and managing systems. This higher level of granularity is worldwide spread under the umbrella of several national modifications named ICD10 XM. These developments have met the increased use of the International Clinical Reference Terminology named SNOMED. When the updating of WHO ICD10 to WHO ICD11 was decided a merging was envisaged and a WHO SNOMED CT common work proposed a methodology to create a common formal ontology between the 11th version of the WHO International Classification of Diseases and Health Problems (ICD) and the most used in the world clinical terminology named Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine - Clinical Terms (SCT). The present work follows this unachieved work and aims to develop a SNOMED-based formal ontology for ICD11 chapter 1 using the textual definitions of ICD11 codes which is a completely new character of ICD and the ontology tools provided by SCT in the publicly available SNOMED Browser. There are two key results: the lexical alignment is complete and the ontology alignment is incomplete with the validated SNOMED concept model can be completed with not yet validated attributes and values of the SNOMED Compositional Grammar. The work opens a new era for the seamless use of both international terminologies for morbidity for instance for DRG/Casemix and clinical management use. The main limitation is that it is restricted to 1 out of 26 chapters of ICD11.

关键词： Lexical Alignment Semantic Interoperability Ontology SNOMED Concept Model ICD-11 SNOMED CT

Epidemiological and Computed Tomography Aspects of Facial Trauma at Kira Hospital in Bujumbura

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 83-91页

作者： Sébastien Manirakiza jean marie Banziriyubusa Stany Harakandi Patrice Barasukana Chantal Murekatete Daniel Nduwayo jean Bosco Bizimana Léopold Nzisabira Department of Radiology Teaching Hospital of Kamenge Bujumbura Burundi Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation Teaching Hospital of Kamenge Bujumbura Burundi Department of Internal Medicine (Neurology) Teaching Hospita lof Kamenge Bujumbura Burundi Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery) Teaching Hospital of Kamenge Bujumbura Burundi

Background: Maxillofacial trauma affects young adults more. The injury assessment is difficult to establish in low-income countries because of the imaging means, particularly the scanner, which is poorly available and less financially accessible. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile and the various tomodensitometric aspects of traumatic lesions of the face in patients received in the Radiology department of Kira Hospital. Patients and methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study involving 104 patients of all ages over a period of 2 years from December 2018 to November 2019 in the medical imaging department of KIRA HOSPITAL. We included in our study any patient having undergone a CT scan of the head and presenting at least one lesion of the facial mass, whether associated with other cranioencephalic lesions. Results: Among the 384 patients received for head trauma, 104 patients (27.1% of cases) presented facial damage. The average age of our patients was 32.02 years with extremes of 8 months and 79 years. In our study, 87 of the patients (83.6%) were male. The road accident was the circumstance in which facial trauma occurred in 79 patients (76% of cases). These injuries were accompanied by at least one bone fracture in 97 patients (93.3%). Patients with fractures of more than 3 facial bones accounted for 40.2% of cases and those with fractures of 2 to 3 bones accounted for 44.6% of cases. The midface was the site of the fracture in 85 patients (87.6% of cases). Orbital wall fractures were noted in 57 patients (58.8% of cases) and the jawbone was the site of a fracture in 50 patients (51.5% of cases). In the vault, the fractures involved the extra-facial frontal bone (36.1% of cases) and temporal bone (18.6% of cases). Cerebral contusion was noted in 41.2% of patients and pneumoencephaly in 15.5% of patients. Extradural hematoma was present in 16 patients and subdural hematoma affected 13 patients. Conclusion: Computed tomography is

关键词： Road Accident CT-Scan Facial Trauma

Evaluation of Rhizobium tropici-Derived Extracellular Polymeric Substances on Selected Soil Properties, Seed Germination, and Growth of Black-Eyed Peas (Vigna unguiculata)

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 548-564页

作者： Jonathan Alunge Metuge Erneste Havugimana jean Rugandirababisha Zachary N. Senwo marie Chantal Mutimawurugo Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Alabama A & M University Normal AL USA Department of Crop Science College of Agriculture Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine University of Rwanda (UR-CAVM) Kigali Rwanda

Rhizobium tropici-derived extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have been used in soils to enhance soil structures and mitigate soil erosions. However, information on their use to improve soil health and fertility indicators, and plant growth is limited. In a greenhouse study, we investigated their effects on some soil health, soil fertility indices, and the growth of black-eyed peas (Vigna unguiculate). Results showed that soils incubated with EPS significantly increased basal soil respiration, soil microbial biomass, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POC), and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN). The EPS shifted microbial populations from bacteria to fungi and Gram (−ve) to Gram ( ve) bacteria. However, it had little or no effects on soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The EPS decreased soil moisture loss, increased soil aggregate stability, but delayed blacked-eyed peas germinations in the soils. At 0.1% (w/w) concentrations in soils, there was increase in plant root nodulations and vegetative growth. This study was carried out within 40 days of incubating soils with EPS or growing the black-eyed peas in a greenhouse study. The plant growth parameters were taken before flowering and fruiting. Further studies of the effects of incubating soils with the extracellular polymeric substances on plant growth. Soil microbial biomass, microbial diversities, and other soil fertility indices are deemed necessary.

关键词： Rhizobium tropici Extracellular Polymeric Substances Soil Respiration Soil Microbial Biomass Black-Eyed Peas

The Support Systems and Coping Strategies of Infertile Women Attending the Out-Patient Consultation Unit of CHRACERH Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第6期14卷 869-887页

作者： Emenguele Pascale Mpono Fidelia Mbi Kobenge Gabrielle Laure Mengne Etienne Belinga jean marie Kasia Thomas Obinchemti Egbe Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology CHRACERH Yaound Yaound Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Infertility is a complex disorder with significant psycho-social and economic consequences. It globally affects 10% - 15% of couples. In Cameroon, little is known about what women do to overcome the psychosocial aspects of the disease. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the support systems and coping strategies of infertile women attending the outpatient consultation unit of the Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Reproductive Teaching Hospital (CHRACERH), Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from the 14th of March to the 6th of April 2023 at CHRACERH Yaoundé. A total of 190 participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Data regarding socio-demographic characteristics, support systems and coping strategies were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Descriptive and analytic statistics were conducted using SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of participants was 39.52 ± 7.64 years. The majority 78.9% of participants were workers (public, private sector, or traders) and were Christians 95.8%. The most common source of psychological support was from family 76.8 and husbands 72.63%. Most of the participants 89.5% resorted to prayer and getting busy 48.4% as a coping strategy. There was no statistically significant relationship between coping strategies and psychological disorders p > 0.05. Conclusion: The main support system of participants was family, husband, and friends. Prayer, getting busy and adoption were the most common coping strategies. There is a need for the Ministry of Public Health and other stakeholders to put in place other support systems and coping strategies (FELICIA) used elsewhere and provide adequate health education and infection control to prevent infertility in Cameroon.

关键词： Infertility Coping Strategies Support Systems Mental Health Women