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Simulation of a Prototype 5G Network Integrating D2D Communication and meC Technology

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Circuits and Systems 2023年第7期14卷 29-38页

作者： Abdou Karim Farota Harouna Moussa Sanghotte Salick diagne Babacar Niang Bouya Diop Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan—Matériaux Energie et Dispositifs Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Saint-Louis Senegal

In this paper, we study the coexistence of two key technologies in the same fifth-generation network, namely D2D (Device-to-Device) communication and meC (Multi-Access Edge Computing) technology. These two promising technologies each have important roles to play in future telecommunications networks. D2D communication is a technology that aims to improve communication efficiency, increase overall throughput, and decrease latency. Multi-Access Edge Computing, a promising new concept, overcomes the burden of core cloud servers. This makes it possible to provide large storage, compute, and resource capacities to mobile edge nodes. With its closest deployment to users, it significantly reduces end-to-end transmission time. Our architecture consists of an access network and a central network, a base station (gNodeB), users, an meC server and a gateway (UPF) to connect it to the RAN (Radio Access Network) of the core network. The base station controls communication by managing signaling and interference. The meC server is placed next to the BS to provide data to the devices. It plays the role of the cloud that is located in the core network and allows you to store data and then do calculations for good communication between devices. Finally, we did a simulation using the OMNeT software. The results showed us that the data transmission passed well between the end devices, the antennas and the meC server with very low latency and reliability.

关键词： D2D meC Edge Computing Basic Station OMNeT

Effects of Preparation’s Parameters on Stabilization of Sabodala Gold Mine Tailings: Comparison of Fresh and Weathered Materials

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第9期5卷 21-35页

作者： Ibrahima Dia CheikhIbrahima Faye Dame Keinde Mababa diagne Mamadou Gueye Institut des Sciences de la Terre Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Fann Senegal Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Fann Senegal

The Sabodala gold mine tailings were stabilised using geopolymerization technics in order to improve their mechanical properties in general for a reuse as building materials for local communities. The effect of several preparation parameters on the compressive and tensile strength of the stabilised tailings has been studied to define their optimums. For each formulation, all parameters are kept constant and only one is variable. The prepared samples are then tested for compressive and tensile strength to see how the variable parameter impact on these properties. The same work was carried out for the fresh tailings and for the weathered one to see whether they behave differently and if they need different treatment. The results show that for most of parameters, there is an optimal value on either side of which compressive and tensile strength decrease. Except for few parameters, the fresh and the weathered tailings have a similar behaviour with regards to trends of their mechanical properties with changing preparation conditions. In addition to the similarity of weathered and fresh tailings mechanical characteristics following their stabilization by geopolymerization, this work has proved the considerable effects of the preparation’s parameters.

关键词： Gold Tailings Geopolymerization Stabilization Compressive Strength Tensile Strength

Solar Energy Recovery and Storage System for Powering Wireless Communicating Nodes

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Energy and Power Engineering 2021年第12期13卷 377-391页

作者： Salick diagne Abdou Karim Farota Ognadon Assogba Bouya Diop Thierry Val Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal IRIT University of Toulouse 2 Toulouse France

We find nowadays in several fields of application the presence of IoT technology such as wireless sensor and actuator networks. In this technology, one of the main points of study is the management of energy consumption. In this article, we provide a solar energy harvesting and storage system for powering wireless nodes. The system we propose uses a low power solar pane a P & O control adapted to fuzzy logic for the MPPT. For energy storage, we used the supercapacitor technology. The simulation of the models shows better results than using the P & O command for an autonomous power supply of the wireless communicating nodes in the study region.

关键词： Solar Energy Energy Recovery Supercapacitor Fuzzy Logic

Acute Thoracic Syndrome in Children: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Evolutionary Aspects at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital in Dakar Senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期13卷 763-773页

作者： Guillaye diagne Papa Souleye Sow Khadim Bop Maimouna Sow Idrissa Demba Ba Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Dakar Senegal

Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a serious pulmonary complication of sickle cell disease. It is estimated to be responsible for a quarter of deaths in the pediatric sickle cell population. In Senegal, there are not enough pediatric studies in this area. The objective of our study was to determine the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary characteristics of ATS at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital (CHNEAR) in Dakar. This was a retrospective study in patients hospitalized at CHNEAR for ATS from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022. We included patients hospitalized and diagnosed with ATS. We had collected 102 patients, i.e. a hospital incidence of 2.96%. The average age of the children was 9 years old;the sex ratio was 1.04. The main symptoms on admission were hypoxemia (97.06%), chest pain (77.45%), dyspnea (77.45%) and fever (65.69%). 52.94% of patients had an associated vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC). The chest x-ray was abnormal in 92 patients, a rate of 90.20% and showed images of pneumonia (71%);bronchitis (17.65%) and pleurisy (0.98%). None of the children benefited from a pulmonary ultrasound. The treatment associated with analgesics (100%), broad-spectrum antibiotics (100%), oxygen therapy (100%), hydration (95.09%), transfusion (73.53%), non-ventilation invasive (6.86%), intubation (2.94%) and beta 2 mimetics (12.75%). No patient benefited from incentive spirometry. Almost all of the patients 95.10% (n = 97) had a favorable clinical evolution. However, five children (4.90%) had an unfavorable outcome including one case of complication such as stroke (0.98%) and four (4) cases of death. The average hospital stay was 8 days. ATS is common in children with sickle cell disease in Senegal and its etiologies seem to be dominated by infectious causes in our context.

关键词： Acute Chest Syndrome Sickle Cell Disease Children Senegal

Factors Explaining the Dynamics of Agricultural Technological Innovations Adoption: Evidence from Senegal’s Rain Maize Farmer

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第11期13卷 1234-1258页

作者： Aminata diagne Lota D. Tamini François S. Fall Research Center in Economics of Environment Agrifood Transport and Energy (CREATE) of the Department of Agri-Food Economics and Consumer Science of the Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences of Laval University Quebec Canada Economics Politics and Social Systems Study and Research Laboratory (LEREPS) of the Economics and Management Department of Toulouse 2-Jean Jaures University Toulouse France

This paper analyzes the adoption dynamics of improved rainfed maize seeds disseminated in Senegal in 2013 by the West African Agricultural Productivity Program (WAAPP). We group maize producers into five groups (non-adopters, laggards/abandoners, late adopters, followers and pioneers/innovators) and take into account the heterogeneity of unobservable characteristics of the producers. In the pioneers/innovators group, the availability of labour, household size, shocks, and frequency of access to advice positively influence adoption, whereas financial constraints and high numbers of plots reduce the probability of adoption. Producers in the followers’ category tend to be older and more educated than those in the other categories. However, food insecurity and shocks such as diseases hamper adoption. For the group of late adopters, household size and available storage infrastructures explain adoption. However, the number of plots and shocks reduces their probability of adoption. Laggards tend to face shocks and food insecurity. The authors recommend to consider the dynamics of the adoption of technological innovations and heterogeneity of the characteristics of adopters groups in future research. They also recommend farmers to increase their adoption rate of the “Early Thai” and “Suwan 1” seed varieties thanks to their higher yields compared to traditional varieties. Also, a higher adoption rate would positively impact the food security of maize farmers in Eastern Senegal and High Casamance, especially in terms of availability. Other studies measuring the number of years needed for large-scale adoption of improved seed varieties should be conducted.

关键词： Adoption Technological Innovations Multinomial Logit Model Endogeneity Unobservable Heterogeneity Senegal

Rheumatic Heart Disease in Children: Epidemiological Aspects. Diagnostic and Evolutive at the Dakar Chu

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期13卷 304-312页

作者： Guillaye diagne Khadim Bop Sadio Konate Papa Souley Sow Amadou Lamine Fall Albert Royer National Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Rheumatic heart disease is the ultimate consequence of acute articular rheumatism. It remains a public health problem in developing countries. It is a pathology found in all countries of the world, with a clear predominance in developing countries. In Senegal, the hospital prevalence of rheumatic heart disease is 30.5%. Its seriousness lies in the risk of valvular sequel responsible for cardiac dysfunction that can lead to death. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of rheumatic heart disease at the Albert Royer National Hospital Center of child (CHNEAR). We had carried out a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study lasting 3 years from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. All children aged 4 to 17 hospitalized at CHNEAR for rheumatic heart disease were included. The hospital prevalence was 0.8%. The average age was 10.9 years with a sex ratio of 0.875 in favor of girls. 85.47% of cases came from parents who had a low economic level of life. The history of repeated angina and acute articular rhumatism (AAR) was found respectively in 22.69 and 15.13% of cases. The clinical symptomatology was dominated by heart failure with 58.3% of cases, arthralgia in 7.5% of cases. The biological inflammatory syndrome was found in 86.1%. 73% of the patients had a positive antistreptolysin O antibody (ASLO). Cardiomegaly was found in 89.7%. Heart doppler ultrasound found polyvalvular involvement in more than half of the cases. Mitral insufficiency was the predominant valve disease in 98.20% of cases. The evolution was favorable in the majority of cases but 9.32% of deaths were observed.

关键词： Rheumatic Heart Disease Child CHNEAR

Establishment of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels in Conventional Radiography: A Pilot Study in Dakar, Senegal

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2022年第1期12卷 28-42页

作者： Adji Yaram Diop Magatte diagne ndeye Arame Boye Faye Mamadou Moustapha Dieng Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Joliot Curie Institute of Cancer Dakar Senegal Nuclear Radiation Protection and Safety Authority Dakar Senegal

Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are indicators that allow assessing the quality of equipment and procedures from the point of view of the doses delivered to patients and subsequently initiate corrective actions if necessary. The purpose of this study is to encourage health professionals to investigate patient radiation doses and to determine whether those doses comply with the principles of radiation protection in medical fields so as to improve practices by reducing patient exposure without reducing clinical effectiveness. To perform this work, we have investigated patient doses for different radiological examinations from six (6) medical centers in Dakar, including the following nine routine types: chest (PA), abdomen (AP), pelvis (AP), cervical spine (AP), lumbar spine (AP, Lat), hip (AP), thoracic spine (AP, Lat). Three types of data were collected, i.e., X-ray tube machine data, patient data and output measurements. The data were analyzed statistically and the median, minimum, maximum, and third quartile values were calculated and displayed throughout boxplots graphs for all exams and medical centers. The two sigma range (95% confidence interval) was also checked. Comparison of third quartiles of Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) and Dose Area Product (DAP) by type of examination with recommended international DRLs was performed. The third quartile of ESD for pelvis (AP) and thoracic spine (AP) was up to 16% and 38% higher, respectively than their corresponding DRLs in the European Commission Report RP 180 Part 2. For all exams, except thoracic spine (lat), the third quartiles of the dose area product were higher than the corresponding DRLs in the above report. The source of dose variability between medical centers was related to many parameters such as poor radiographic techniques, lack of modern X-ray machines and adequately documented radiation protection practices. The results show the need to develop protocols for dose measurement as well as to carry

关键词： Entrance Surface Dose Diagnostic Radiology Dose Area Product Optimization X-Rays

Infantile Spinal Muscular Atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center in Dakar

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 514-521页

作者： Guillaye diagne Khadim Bop Sofiatou Dieye Arame Faye Fatou Ly Amadou Lamine Fall Pediatrics Ward of Pikine Hospital Pikine Senegal Pé diatrics Ward of Albert Royer National Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Infantile spinal muscular atrophy (ISA) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by primary degeneration of cells in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and hypotonia. Its incidence is estimated at 1 in 6000 births worldwide. In Africa, particularly in Senegal, there are few studies interested on this pathology. We therefore deemed this study necessary, which set itself the objective of describing the diagnostic, therapeutic and progressive aspects of infantile spinal muscular atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center in Dakar (CHNEAR). methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study over a period of two (2) years from December 2020 to December 2022. Included were all hospitalized patients in whom the diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy was made with or without genetic confirmation. The data were collected on a pre-established form then entered and analyzed with the following software: Excel 2013 and R version 4.1.3. Results: During our study period, 2100 children were hospitalized, the annual incidence was 0.76%. The average age of our patients was 9 ± 9 months with a range of 3 months to 32 months and the median was 6.5 months. The sex ratio was 7. The notion of family consanguinity was found in 62.5% of cases and the notion of ISA in the family in 25% of cases. Hypotonia and respiratory distress were found at the forefront in equal proportions (50% of cases). Electromyogram (EMG) was performed in 3 patients (37.5%). Symptomatic medical treatment was administered in 100% of patients, 04 patients had benefited from respiratory physiotherapy, i.e. 50% of cases, and genetic counseling was carried out in one patient (12.5%). The evolution was immediately favorable in 2 patients or 25% of cases, unfavorable in 75% of cases with a death rate of 50% and the average age of death was 5.5 months ± 1 with extremes ranging from 3 to 7 months. Conclusion: The number of Infantile spinal muscular atrop

关键词： Spinal Muscular Atrophy Child Hypotonia Dakar

Mineralogical Characterisation of the Sedimentary Phosphate Deposit of Tobene （Western Senegal）

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2016年第4期6卷 226-240页

作者： Moustapha diagne Mamadou Fall Mouhamadou Bachir Diouf ndeye Penda Dione El Hadji MansourSamb Department of Geology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar - Senegal Chemical Industries of Senegal

The Tobrne panel is the third of the Ta＇fba phosphate deposit. This mineralogical study contributes to the improved knowledge of the various facies that comprise the phosphate series of Tobrne. Based on X-ray diffraction results, the Tobrne panel yielded minerals that are primarily divided into four groups： minerals of the original phosphate phase： apatite, fluorapatite; carbonate minerals： calcite and dolomite; clay minerals： palygorskite, smectite, kaolinite and illite; minerals of altered facies： alteration minerals （analcime, millisite, crandallite and wavellite） and ferruginous minerals （goethite and gibbsite）. This succession of mineralogical associations reflects a polyphase alteration leading to a vertical and lateral facies sequence. This alteration intensifies the phosphate series upward and laterally from West to East.

关键词： Tobene Taiba phosphate mineralogy Western Senegal.