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Total phenolic,chromium contents and antioxidant activity of raw and processed sugars

Information Processing in Agriculture 2017年第1期4卷 83-89页

作者： Munawar Iqbal MAfzal Qamar Tanveer H.Bokhari Mazhar Abbas Fida hussain Nasir Masood Ali Keshavarzi Naseem Qureshih Arif nazir Department of Chemistry The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Government Postgraduate College Samanabad FaisalabadPakistan Department of Chemistry Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Botany Qurtuba University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar 25100Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyVehari 61100Pakistan Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Soil Science EngineeringUniversity of TehranKaraj 31587-77871Iran Department of Chemistry Karakoram International UniversityGilgit 15100Pakistan

Processing improves the visual quality of food;however,the ingredient and nutritional values may *** present study,the sugar samples(refined,raw,gur(Jaggery/jaggeree)and molasses)were collected from 20 different agro-climatic regions of Pakistan and analyzed for the chromium concentration,total phenolic and antioxidant activity,in order to evaluate the processing *** concentration of Cr was determined by digestion method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer,while antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)and reducing *** was observed that chromium content in Jaggery was 74%higher than raw sugar,while molasses showed 21.27%higher concentration versus *** total phenolic contents were found considerably higher in molasses(3751 lg GAE/g)followed by Jaggery(3285 lg GAE/g),raw sugar(27.75 lg GAE/g)and refined sugar(23.81 lg GAE/g).The DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power was also found dependent to sugar *** results,it can be concluded that processing significantly affected the chromium contents,total phenolics and antioxidant activity.

关键词： Processing effect Sugars Total phenolics Antioxidant activity Chromium contents Diabetes mellitus

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Energy-Momentum Distribution of Gravitational Waves

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2008年第9期50卷 664-668页

作者： M.Sharif Kanwal nazir Department of Mathematics University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azain CampusLahore-54590Pakistan

This paper has been addressed to the well-known problem of energy in gravitational waves. We have investigated the energy of cylindrical gravitational waves in the context of General Relativity and teleparallel theory of gravity. For this purpose, the prescriptions of Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Bergmann-Thomson, and Moeller are used in both the theories. It is shown that these energy-momentum complexes do not provide equivalent results in the two theories. However, these turn out to be constant for all the prescriptions except Moeller in both the theories at large distances.

关键词： energy-momentum gravitational waves

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The Rotationally Symmetric Flow of Micropolar Fluids in the Presence of an Infinite Rotating Disk

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Applied Mathematics 2015年第2期6卷 430-439页

作者： Atif nazir Sajjad hussain Mohammad Shafique Mathematics Group Coordinator Yanbu Industrial College Yanbu Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-Zulfi Saudi Arabia Ex-AP Department of Mathematics Gomal University D. I. Khan Pakistan

The rotationally symmetric flow of a micropolar fluid in the presence of an infinite rotating disk has been studied numerically. The equations of motion are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations, which in turn are solved numerically using SOR method and Simpson’s (1/3) rule. The results are calculated for different values of the parameter s (the ratio of angular velocities of disc and fluid) and the suction parameter a. Moreover, three different sets of the values of non-dimensional material constants related to micropolar behavior of the fluid have been chosen arbitrarily. The calculations have been carried out using three different grid sizes to check the accuracy of the results. The research concludes that the micropolar fluids flow resembles with that of Newtonian fluids when the material constants become close to zero. The comparison of these results is presented for possible values of the parameter s.

关键词： Micropolar Fluids Rotating Disk and Numerical Study

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Accelerated ultraviolet weathering investigation on micro-/nano-SiO_(2)filled silicone rubber composites

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High Voltage 2018年第4期3卷 295-302页

作者： Muhammad Tariq nazir Bao Toan Phung School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales SydneyNSW 2052Australia

This study attempts to elucidate whether the addition of micro and/or nano-silica(SiO_(2))particles can enhance the resistance of pure polydimethylsiloxane against synergistic effects of UV,temperature and high-voltage *** types of composites(U-SR,M-SR,MN-SR and N-SR)are fabricated by adding micro and/or nano-silica particles and then subjected to multi-stress degradation in a test *** show that there is an apparent surface discoloration in the form of yellowish pale tint and a significant resistance to hydrophobicity reduction is offered by N-SR and MN-SR followed by M-SR and *** electron microscopy and surface roughness findings proclaimed that N-SR and MN-SR offer excellent resistance against filler exposure and an increase in surface *** is a minor reduction in absorbance level of Si(CH_(3))_(2) and Si-O-Si functional groups of composites but interestingly,hydrophilic hydroxyl group absorbance level is found higher in the U-SR ***,dielectric response measurements indicate considerable sensitivity to weathering with N-SR and MN-SR giving the lowest dielectric *** indicate that the addition of nano-silica to pure and micro-silica filled SR can enhance its UV weathering resistance considerably by building an effective UV shielding layer.

关键词： composites filled resistance

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Efficient Numerical Scheme for the Solution of HIV Infection CD4^(+)T-Cells Using Haar Wavelet Technique

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第5期131卷 639-653页

作者： Rohul Amin Suayip Yuzbasi Shah nazir Department of Mathematics University of PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAkdeniz UniversityAntalyaTr-07058Turkey Department of Computer Science University of SwabiSwabi23430Pakistan

In this paper,Haar collocation algorithmis developed for the solution of first-order ofHIV infection CD4^(+)T-Cells *** this technique,the derivative in the nonlinear model is approximated by utilizing Haar *** value of the unknown function is obtained by the process of *** estimation is also discussed,which aims to reduce the error of numerical *** numerical results show that the method is simply *** results are compared with Runge-Kutta technique,Bessel collocation technique,LADM-Pade and Galerkin technique available in the *** results show that the Haar technique is easy,precise and effective.

关键词： System of nonlinear differential equations HIV infection of CD4^(+)T-cells Broyden method Haar wavelet residual error estimation

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Refinement in Formal Proof of Equivalence in Morphisms over Strongly Connected Algebraic Automata

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2009年第2期2卷 77-85页

作者： nazir Ahmad Zafar Ajmal hussain Amir Ali 不详

Automata theory has played an important role in computer science and engineering particularly modeling behavior of systems since last couple of decades. The algebraic automaton has emerged with several modern applications, for ex-ample, optimization of programs, design of model checkers, development of theorem provers because of having proper-ties and structures from algebraic theory of mathematics. Design of a complex system not only requires functionality but it also needs to model its control behavior. Z notation is an ideal one used for describing state space of a system and then defining operations over it. Consequently, an integration of algebraic automata and Z will be an effective computer tool which can be used for modeling of complex systems. In this paper, we have combined algebraic automata and Z notation defining a relationship between fundamentals of these approaches. At first, we have described algebraic automaton and its extended forms. Then homomorphism and its variants over strongly connected automata are speci-fied. Finally, monoid endomorphisms and group automorphisms are formalized, and formal proof of their equivalence is given under certain assumptions. The specification is analyzed and validated using Z/EVES tool.

关键词： Formal Methods Automata Integration of Approaches Z Notation Validation

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Verifying Monoid and Group Morphisms over Strongly Connected Algebraic Automata

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2010年第8期3卷 803-812页

作者： nazir Ahmad Zafar Ajmal hussain Amir Ali 不详

Automata theory has played an important role in theoretical computer science since last couple of decades. The alge-braic automaton has emerged with several modern applications, for example, optimization of programs, design of model checkers, development of theorem provers because of having certain interesting properties and structures from algebraic theory of mathematics. Design of a complex system requires functionality and also needs to model its control behavior. Z notation has proved to be an effective tool for describing state space of a system and then defining operations over it. Consequently, an integration of algebraic automata and Z will be a useful computer tool which can be used for modeling of complex systems. In this paper, we have linked algebraic automata and Z defining a relationship between fundamentals of these approaches which is refinement of our previous work. At first, we have described strongly connected algebraic automata. Then homomorphism and its variants over strongly connected automata are specified. Next, monoid endomorphisms and group automorphisms are formalized. Finally, equivalence of endomorphisms and automorphisms under certain assumptions are described. The specification is analyzed and validated using Z/Eves toolset.

关键词： Formal Methods Z notation Algebraic Automata Validation and Verification

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Weighted ebyev-Ostrowski type inequalities

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2007年第7期28卷 901-906页

作者： Arif Rafiq nazir Ahmad Mir Farooq Ahmad Mathematics Department COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahanddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan

In account of the famous Cebysev inequality, a rich theory has appeared in the literature. We establish some new weighted Cebysev type integral inequalities. Our proofs are of independent interest and provide new esti... 详细信息

关键词： Cebysev type inequalities L∞ (a b) spaces absolutely continuous functions weight functions

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A review of friction models in interacting joints for durability design

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Friction 2017年第1期5卷 1-22页

作者： Zulfiqar A.KHAN Vivek CHACKO Hammad nazir NanoCorr Energy & Modelling(NCEM)Research Department of Design & Engineering Bournemouth University Bournemouth United Kingdom

This paper presents a comprehensive review of friction modelling to provide an understanding of design for durability within interacting *** is a complex phenomenon and occurs at the interface of two components in relative *** the last several decades,the effects of friction and its modelling techniques have been of significant interests in terms of industrial *** is however a need to develop a unified mathematical model for friction to inform design for durability within the context of varying operational *** dynamic mechanisms model for the design of control systems has not incorporated friction phenomena due to non-linearity ***,the tribological performance concurrently with the joint dynamics of a manipulator joint applied in hazardous environments needs to be fully *** the dynamics and impact models used in mechanical joints with clearance have also been *** inclusion of reliability and durability during the design phase is very important for manipulators which are deployed in harsh environmental and operational *** revolute joint is susceptible to failures such as in heavy manipulators these revolute joints can be represented by lubricated conformal sliding *** presence of pollutants such as debris and corrosive constituents has the potential to alter the contacting surfaces,would in turn affect the performance of revolute joints,and puts both reliability and durability of the systems at greater risks of *** literature is identified and a review on the latest developments of the science of friction modelling is presented *** review is based on a large volume of *** in the relevant field have been identified to capitalise on for future ***,this review will bring significant benefits to researchers,academics and industry professionals.

关键词： friction dynamics joint clearance numerical models impact durability

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Quantification of organic carbon and primary nutrients in litter and soil in a foothill forest plantation of eastern Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第6期28卷 1190-1197页

作者： Gopal Shukla nazir A. Pala Sumit Chakravarty Department of Forestry Uttar Banga Krishi ViswavidyalayaPundibari Cooch Behar West Bengal 736165 India

The present study was an effort to understand the amount of litter fall and its subsequent decomposition and quantify the release of available nutrients and soil physicochemical characteristics in plantations of four forest tree species(Lagerstroemia parviflora, Tectona grandis, Shorea robusta and Michelia champaca) in the Chilapatta Reserve Forest of the Cooch Behar Wildlife Division in the Terai zone of West Bengal, India. The most litter(5.61 Mg ha)was produced by T. grandis plantation and the least(4.72 Mg ha) by L. parviflora. The material turnover rate to the soil through decomposition from total litter was fastest during the first quarter of the year and subsequently decreased during the next two quarters. The material turnover rate was only 1 year, which indicates that more than90% of the total litter produced decomposed within a *** available primary nutrient content in litter varied across the four plantations over the year. The plantations generally did not significantly influence the soil physical characteristics but did significantly influence the availability of primary nutrients and organic carbon at two depths(1–15 and16–30 cm) over the year. The availability of soil primary nutrients in the four plantations also increased gradually from the first quarter of the year to the third quarter and then decreased during the last quarter to the same level as in the first quarter of the year at both depths. The availability for soil organic carbon in the plantations followed a similar trend. The amount of litter produced and the material turnover in the soil in the different plantations differed, influencing the nutrient availability and organic carbon at the plantations. The amount of soil organic carbon was highest for T. grandis(2.52 Mg ha) and lowest for L. parviflora(2.12 Mg ha). Litter is the source of soil organic matter,and more the litter that is produced by the plantations, the higher will be the content and amount of soil organic carbon in the

关键词： Litter production Decomposition Organic carbon Material turnover Eastern Himalayas

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