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Impact of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery on the chorioretinal biomicroscopic characteristics

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第28期11卷 6754-6762页

作者： Mansoor Shahriari Homayoun Nikkhah Mohammad Parsa Mahjoob nazanin behnaz Shahriar Barkhordari Kasra Cheraqpour Department of Ophthalmology Imam Hossein Educational HospitalTehran ***Iran Department of Ophthalmology Torfe Medical CenterTehran ***Iran Cardiovascular Diseases Imam Hossein Educational HospitalTehran ***Iran Department of Ophthalmology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Ophthalmology Farabi Eye HospitalTehran ***Iran

BACKGROUND Most patients with cardiovascular disorders suffer from coronary artery diseases,which can be treated successfully using coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).One of the unpleasant events following CABG is postoperative vision loss(POVL).Vulnerability of retinal vessels to hemodynamic changes,an expectable event following CABG,may contribute to the development of POVL,which might be associated with the changes in the choroidal and retinal *** To investigate postoperative changes in chorioretinal and peripapillary nerve fiber layer(NFL)thickness,and progression of diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy after *** In this prospective,cross-sectional study,49 eyes in 25 candidates for CABG underwent both ophthalmic and cardiovascular examinations within 6 mo prior to and 9 mo after *** Among the study participants,56%were male with a mean age of 62.84 years±10.49 years(range 33–80 years).Diabetes mellitus was observed in eight participants(32%).None of the patients suffered from postoperative anterior or posterior ischemic optic neuropathy,central retinal artery occlusion,and cortical *** mean value of the preoperative best corrected visual acuity was 0.11±0.10 logMAR(range,0–0.4),which worsened to 0.15±0.08 logMAR(range,0–0.4)after CABG(P=0.031).No significant difference was observed between the preand postsurgical choroidal(P=0.853)and macular(P=0.507)thickness,NFL thickness in the subfoveal(P>0.999)and peripapillary areas(P=0.659),as well as the severity of diabetic and hypertensive *** CABG may reduce visual acuity without affecting ocular *** vision reduction might be attributable to molecular or cellular variations,changes in visual pathway function,or central nervous system.

关键词： Coronary artery bypass grafting Nerve fiber layer Diabetic retinopathy Hypertensive retinopathy

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A New Formulation of the Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method for Heterogeneous Media:Application to Heat Transfer Problems

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第2期37卷 285-296页

作者： Nima Noormohammadi nazanin Pirhaji Khouzani Department of Civil Engineering Isfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan84156-83111Iran

The solution to heat transfer problems in two-dimensional heterogeneous media is attended based on the scaled boundary finite element method(SBFEM)coupled with equilibrated basis functions(EqBFs).The SBFEM reduces the model order by scaling the boundary solution onto the inner *** this end,tri-lateral elements are emanated from a scaling center,followed by the development of a semi-analytical solution along the radial direction and a finite element solution along the circumferential/boundary *** discretization is thus limited to the boundaries of the model,and the semi-analytical radial solution is found through the solution of an eigenvalue problem,which restricts the methods’applicability to heterogeneous *** this research,we first extracted the SBFEM formulation considering the heterogeneity of the ***,we replaced the semi-analytical radial solution with the EqBFs and removed the eigenvalue solution step from the *** varying coefficients of the partial differential equation(PDE)resulting from the heterogeneity of the media are replaced by a finite series in the radial and circumferential directions of the element.A weighted residual approach is applied to the radial *** equilibrated radial solution series is used in the new formulation of the SBFEM.

关键词： Scaled boundary finite element method Equilibrated basis functions Heat transfer

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Windcatchers and their applications in contemporary architecture

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Energy and Built Environment 2022年第1期3卷 56-72页

作者： Parham Kheirkhah Sangdeh nazanin Nasrollahi Engineering Faculty Architecture DepartmentIlam UniversityIlamIran

Natural ventilation and cooling have played an essential role in providing comfort *** are passive cooling systems and one of the most familiar elements in Iranian *** can significantly influence on reduce cooling loads and supply the necessary ventilation rate of *** paper aims at providing an in-depth review of the recent developments and applications of windcatchers in modern *** efficiency of windcatcher is also discussed according to the windcatcher’s relevant parameters,i.e.,height,configuration,and *** comprehensive review reveals that these factors have significant impacts on the performance of *** is also shown that a one-sided windcatcher is a better choice in regions with privileged wind ***,other types of it are better in regions with variable wind ***,windcatchers’potential for applying in the contemporary architecture and urban planning shown in the using windcatcher in contemporary buildings,windcatchers in the urban context,new designs,and new technologies of windcatchers sections.

关键词： Windcatcher Wind tower Badgir Natural ventilation Passive cooling CFD

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An insight into the role of the association equations of states in gas hydrate modeling:a review

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Petroleum Science 2020年第5期17卷 1432-1450页

作者： Feridun Esmaeilzadeh nazanin Hamedi Dornaz Karimipourfard Ali Rasoolzadeh Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical and Petroleum EngineeringShiraz UniversityShiraz 71345Iran

Encouraged by the wide spectrum of novel applications of gas hydrates,e.g.,energy recovery,gas separation,gas storage,gas transportation,water desalination,and hydrogen hydrate as a green energy resource,as well as CO2 capturing,many scientists have focused their attention on investigating this important *** course,from an engineering viewpoint,the mathematical modeling of gas hydrates is of paramount importance,as anticipation of gas hydrate stability conditions is effective in the design and control of industrial ***,the thermodynamic modeling of gas hydrate can be tackled as an equilibration of three phases,i.e.,liquid,gas,and solid *** inseparable component in all hydrate systems,water,is highly polar and non-ideal,necessitating the use of more advanced equation of states(EoSs) that take into account more intermolecular forces for thermodynamic modeling of these *** by the ever-increasing number of publications on this topic,this study aims to review the application of associating EoSs for the thermodynamic modeling of gas *** most important hydrate-based models available in the literature including the van der Waals-Platteeuw(vdW-P) model,Chen-Guo model,and Klauda-Sandler model coupled with and SAFT EoSs were investigated and compared with cubic *** was concluded that the CPA and SAFT EoSs gave very accurate results for hydrate systems as they take into account the association interactions,which are very crucial in gas hydrate systems in which water,methanol,glycols,and other types of associating compounds are ***,it was concluded that the CPA EoS is easier to use than the SAFT-type EoSs and our suggestion for the gas hydrate systems is the CPA EoS.

关键词： Hydrate Mathematical modeling Equation of state SAFT CPA Association EoS

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Investigation of a ship resonance through numerical simulation

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第5期32卷 969-983页

作者： S.S.Kianejad Hossein Enshaei Jonathan Duffy nazanin Ansarifard Australian Maritime College University of TasmaniaLauncestonAustralia

Understanding dynamic stability of a ship on a resonance frequency is important because comparatively smaller external forces and moments generate larger *** roll motion is most susceptible because of smaller restoring *** studies related to the failure modes such as parametric roll and dead ship condition,identified by second generation of intact stability criteria(SGISC)are performed at a resonance ***,the nature of resonance,where the model experiences an incremental roll motion,has not been well *** this study,nonlinear unsteady computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations were conducted to investigate the resonance phenomenon using a containership under a sinusoidal roll exciting *** capture the complexity of the phenomenon,simulations were conducted over a range of frequencies to cover the resonance frequency including lower and higher *** addition to the resonance frequency,the phase shift between roll exciting moment and roll angle,as well as the phase difference between acceleration and roll angle,were found to have significant effects on the occurrence of resonance.

关键词： Resonance harmonic excited roll motion natural frequency phase shift phase difference

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Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in Iran

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 6009-6013页

作者： Marjan Mohammadi Delaram Doroud nazanin Mohajerani Sadegh Massarrat Biotechnology Research Center Gastroenterology Department

AIM： To examine the frequency of antibiotic resistance in Iranian Helicobacter pylori （ H pylon） strains isolated from two major hospitals in Tehran.METHODS： Examination of antibiotic resistance was performed on 120 strains by modified disc diffusion test and PCR-RFLP methods. In addition, in order to identify the possible causes of the therapeutic failure in Iran, we also determined the resistance of these strains to the most commonly used antibiotics （metronidazole, amoxicillin, and tetracycline） by modified disc diffusion test. RESULTS： According to modified disc diffusion test, 1.6% of the studied strains were resistant to amoxicillin, 16.7% to clarithromycin, 57.5% to metronidazole, and there was no resistance to tetracycline. Of the clarithromycin resistant strains, 73.68% had the A2143G mutation in the 23SrRlVA gene, 21.05% A2142C, and 5.26% A2142G. None of the sensitive strains were positive for any of the three point mutations. Of the metronidazole resistant strains, deletion in rdxA gene was studied and detected in only 6 （5%） of the antibiogram-based resistant strains. None of the metronidazole sensitive strains possessed rdxA gene deletion. CONCLUSION： These data show that despite the fact that clarithromycin has not yet been introduced to the Iranian drug market as a generic drug, nearly 20% rate of resistance alerts toward the frequency of macrolide resistance strains, which may be due to the widespread prescription of erythromycin in Iran. rdxA gene inactivation, if present in Iranian Hpyloristrains, may be due to other genetic defects rather than gene deletion.

关键词： H pylori Clarithromycin Metronidazole Resistance Iran

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Smart machine learning or discovering meaningful physical and chemical contributions through dimensional stacking

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 379-386页

作者： Lee A.Griffin Iaroslav Gaponenko Shujun Zhang nazanin Bassiri-Gharb School of Electrical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA G.W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Department of Quantum Matter Physics University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland ISEM Australian Institute for Innovative MaterialsUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Despite remarkable advances in characterization techniques of functional materials yielding an ever growing amount of data,the interplay between the physical and chemical phenomena underpinning materials’functionalities is still often poorly *** reduction techniques have been used to tackle the challenge of understanding materials’behavior,leveraging the very large amount of data ***,we present a method for applying physical and chemical constraints to dimensional reduction analysis,through dimensional *** to traditional,uncorrelated techniques,this approach enables a direct and simultaneous assessment of behaviors across all measurement parameters,through stacking of data along specific dimensions as required by physical or chemical *** proposed method is applied to the nanoscale electromechanical relaxation response in(1−x)PMN-xPT solid solutions,enabling a direct comparison of electric field-and chemical composition-dependent contributors.A poling-like,and a relaxation-like behavior with a domain glass state are identified,and their evolution is tracked across the phase *** proposed dimensional stacking technique,guided by the knowledge of the underlying physics of correlated systems,is valid for the analysis of any multidimensional dataset,opening a spectrum of possibilities for multidisciplinary use.

关键词： stacking chemical relaxation

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Viscoelasticity and shear-thinning effects on bio-polymer solution and suspended particle behaviours under oscillatory curve Couette flow conditions

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2018年第1期4卷 1-17页

作者： Alaleh Safari nazanin Emami Michel Jose Cervantes Biotribology Group Division of Machine ElementLulea University of Technology97187 LuleaSweden Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics Lulea University of Technology97187 LuleàSweden Water Power Laboratory Norwegian University of Science and Technology7491 TrondheimNorway

Formation of wear particles within total hip replacement is one of the main causes of its *** addition toimproving the lubrication and wear resistance of materials used as bearing surfaces,understanding of wear particledistribution patterns within lubricants inside an implant gap could be used to improve design parameters andimplants'*** this study,the behaviours of biolubricants(with compositions similar to human joint synovialfluid)and suspended particles were investigated by micro-particle image velocimetry in curved mini channels underoscillatory Couette flow *** studied biolubricants had shear-thinning viscoelastic *** found that increasing shear-thinning,elasticity or motion frequency levels did not affect the trend behavioursof biolubricant flows due to the low strain values of the experimental conditions ***,suspended particlesformed strings along flow directions and exhibited cross-stream migration to channel *** frequency,fluidshear thinning and elasticity characteristics and channel dimensions strongly affected particle behaviours.

关键词： particle oscillatory flow

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Broadband 1-GHz mid-infrared frequency comb

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第10期11卷 2358-2364页

作者： nazanin Hoghooghi Sida Xing Peter Chang Daniel Lesko Alexander Lind Greg Rieker Scott Diddams Precision Laser Diagnostics Laboratory University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA Time and Frequency Division National Institute of Standards and TechnologyBoulderCO 80305USA Department of Physics University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA Department of Chemistry University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA

Mid-infrared(MIR)spectrometers are invaluable tools for molecular fingerprinting and hyper-spectral *** the available spectroscopic approaches,GHz MIR dual-comb absorption spectrometers have the potential to simultaneously combine the high-speed,high spectral resolution,and broad optical bandwidth needed to accurately study complex,transient events in chemistry,combustion,and ***,such a spectrometer has not yet been demonstrated due to the lack of GHz MIR frequency combs with broad and full spectral ***,we introduce the first broadband MIR frequency comb laser platform at 1 GHz repetition rate that achieves spectral coverage from 3 to 13 μ*** frequency comb is based on a commercially available 1.56 μm mode-locked laser,robust all-fiber Er amplifiers and intra-pulse difference frequency generation(IP-DFG)of few-cycle pulses in x(2)nonlinear *** used in a dual comb spectroscopy(DCS)configuration,this source will simultaneously enable measurements with μs time resolution,1 GHz(0.03 cm-1)spectral point spacing and a full bandwidth of>5 THz(>166 cm-1)anywhere within the MIR atmospheric *** represents a unique spectroscopic resource for characterizing fast and non-repetitive events that are currently inaccessible with other sources.

关键词： repetition spacing transient

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Weather induced subtidal flows through multiple inlets of an arctic microtidal lagoon

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第3期38卷 1-16页

作者： Chunyan Li Kevin M.Boswell nazanin Chaichitehrani Wei Huang Renhao Wu Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences College of the Coast and Environment Louisiana State University Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Horn Point Laboratory Center for Environmental Science University of Maryland College of Marine Sciences and Technology Zhejiang Ocean University

Estuarine processes in the arctic lagoons are among the least studied but important subjects, especially considering the rapid warming of arctic water which may change the length of ice-free period in the summer. In this paper, wind-driven exchange flows in the micro-tidal Elson Lagoon of northern Alaska with multiple inlets of contrasting widths and depths are studied with in situ observations, statistical analysis, numerical experiments, a regression model on the basis of dynamics, and remote sensing data. Water velocity profiles were obtained from a bottom deployed acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP) in the northwestern Eluitkak Pass connecting the Beaufort Sea to the Elson Lagoon during a 4.9 day ice-free period in the summer of 2013. The subtidal flow is found correlated with wind(R^2 value ～96%). Frequently occurring east, northeast and north winds from the arctic atmospheric high-and low-pressure systems push water from the Beaufort Sea into the lagoon through the wide inlets on the eastern side of the lagoon, resulting in an outward flow against the wind at the narrow northwestern inlet. The counter-wind flow is a result of an uneven wind forcing acting through the asymmetric inlets and depth,an effect of "torque" or vorticity. Under northwest wind, the exchange flow at the northwestern inlet reverses its direction, with inward flows through the upwind northwestern inlet and outward flows through the downwind eastern inlets. A regression model is established based on the momentum equations and Taylor series expansions. The model is used to predict flows in July and August of 2015 and July of 2017, supported by available Landsat satellite images. About 73%–80% of the time the flows at Eluitkak Pass are out of Elson Lagoon for the summer of 2015 and 2017. Numerical experiments are conducted to corroborate the findings and illustrate the effects under various wind conditions. A quasi-steady state balance between wind force and surface pressure gradient is c

关键词： wind-driven flows multiple inlets micro-tidal numerical model experiments counter-wind flows quasi-steady state

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