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Global multifaceted biodiversity patterns,centers,and conservation needs in angiosperms

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 817-828页

作者： Ao Luo Yaoqi Li nawal shrestha Xiaoting Xu Xiangyan Su Yichao Li Tong Lyu Kilara Waris Zhiyao Tang Xiaojuan Liu Luxiang Lin Yongsheng Chen Kuiling Zu Wenqi Song Shijia Peng Niklaus E.Zimmermann Loïc Pellissier Zhiheng Wang Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Health and Environmental Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100035China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf 8903Switzerland Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland

The Convention on Biological Diversity seeks to conserve at least 30%of global land and water areas by 2030,which is a challenge but also an opportunity to better preserve biodiversity,including flowering plants(angiosperms).Herein,we compiled a large database on distributions of over 300,000 angiosperm species and the key functional traits of 67,024 *** this database,we constructed biodiversity-environment models to predict global patterns of taxonomic,phylogenetic,and functional diversity in terrestrial angiosperms and provide a comprehensive mapping of the three diversity *** further evaluated the current protection status of the biodiversity centers of these diversity *** results showed that geographical patterns of the three facets of plant diversity exhibited substantial spatial mismatches and nonoverlapping conservation *** centers of functional diversity,particularly of herbaceous species,were primarily distributed in temperate regions and under weaker protection compared with other biodiversity centers of taxonomic and phylogenetic *** global assessment of multifaceted biodiversity patterns and centers highlights the insufficiency and unbalanced conservation among the three diversity facets and the two growth forms(woody ***),thus providing directions for guiding the future conservation of global plant diversity.

关键词： angiosperms species richness phylogenetic diversity functional diversity plant traits woody species herbaceous species

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Phylogenetic conservatism in threatened species responses to climate change differs between functional types in the Gongga Mountains of China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3568-3581页

作者： ZU Kui-ling nawal shrestha JIANG Yong JIA Guo-qing PENG Shi-jia ZHU Xiang-yun WANG Zhi-heng Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityGansuLanzhou 730000China Administration of Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve Kangding 626000China

Climate change has become one of the most critical threats to global ***,whether phylogenetically related species respond to climate change in similar ways remains *** answer to this question is crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change and the conservation on the tree of *** integrating species distribution models with a molecular phylogeny of 50 threatened plant species from one of the global biodiversity hotspots,Gongga Mountains(***)in southwest China,we evaluated the responses of threatened plant species to future climate change,and estimated whether species responses are phylogenetically *** reconstruction was used to calculate the phylogenetic distance and null model to verify the reliability of the *** found that correlations between responses of different species to future climate change decreased with the increase in their phylogenetic distance in the monocotyledonous or herbaceous species,but not in the dicotyledonous and woody *** results suggested that the responses of herbaceous and monocotyledonous threatened species in *** to future climate change tend to be phylogenetically conserved,while the responses of woody and dicotyledonous threatened species are *** study provides evidence for the existence of phylogenetically non-random extinction in the monocotyledonous herbs in *** and highlights the importance of integrating phylogenetic information and evolutionary history into conservation *** also provide theoretical basis and technical support for designing effective conservation schemes for the protection of biodiversity under anthropogenic climate change.

关键词： Conservation strategies Climate suitability Mountain plants Phylogenetic distance Species distribution models

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Spatiotemporal variation in leaf size and shape in response to climate

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第1期13卷 87-96页

作者： Yaoqi Li Dongting Zou nawal shrestha Xiaoting Xu Qinggang Wang Wen Jia Zhiheng Wang Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina Department of Ecology College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

叶片的形态变异是研究植物响应气候变化的重要指标之一。叶片大小与形状影响着植物与外界环境的碳、水等物质交换和能量交换。然而,叶片大小与形状如何响应气候变化仍缺乏研究。此外,大多研究忽略了叶大小与形状在时间和空间上的种内变... 详细信息

叶片的形态变异是研究植物响应气候变化的重要指标之一。叶片大小与形状影响着植物与外界环境的碳、水等物质交换和能量交换。然而,叶片大小与形状如何响应气候变化仍缺乏研究。此外,大多研究忽略了叶大小与形状在时间和空间上的种内变异,而只关注种间变异。我们收集了中国98年(1910-2008年)7个代表性双子叶植物的植物标本馆标本6000多份,并测量了它们叶片的叶长和宽度。我们探索了叶片大小(叶长、叶宽和长×宽乘积)的地理模式和时间趋势,即研究了降水量和温度随时间和空间的变化对叶片大小和形状变化的影响。在控制了标本采集时间的影响后,全部物种的平均叶大小沿着纬度梯度的增加而减小,但这一关系在不同物种间存在差异。叶大小和形状的空间变异与温度和降水正相关。当控制了采集地点的影响后,全部物种的平均叶大小随着时间有变大的趋势。大多数物种叶大小的时间变化与降水正相关,而叶形状的时间变化则与温度正相关。我们的研究指出叶大小和形状在时空上的种内变异显著受气候的影响,同时说明植物标本可以为研究植物形态对气候变化的响应提供素材。

关键词：气候变化地理格局植物标本馆标本叶片性状古气候重建

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Pervasive hybridization during evolutionary radiation of Rhododendron subgenus Hymenanthes in mountains of southwest China

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 50-60页

作者： Yazhen Ma Xingxing Mao Ji Wang Lei Zhang Yuanzhong Jiang Yuying Geng Tao Ma Liming Cai Shuangquan Huang Pete Hollingsworth Kangshan Mao Minghui Kang Yiling Li Wenlu Yang Haolin Wu Yang Chen Charles C.Davis nawal shrestha Richard H.Ree Zhenxiang Xi Quanjun Hu Richard I.Milne Jianquan Liu Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan University State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem College of EcologyLanzhou University Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Harvard University Herbaria Harvard University Institute of Evolution and Ecology School of Life SciencesCentral China Normal University Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Negaunee Integrative Research Center Field Museum Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences The University of Edinburgh

Radiations are especially important for generating species biodiversity in mountainous *** contribution of hybridization to such radiations has rarely been ***,we use extensive genomic data to test whether hybridization was involved in evolutionary radiation within Rhododendron subgenus Hymenanthes,whose members show strong geographic isolation in the mountains of southwest *** sequenced genomes for 143 species of this subgenus and 93 species of four other subgenera,and found that Hymenanthes was monophyletic and radiated during the late Oligocene to middle *** hybridization events were inferred within and between the identified clades and *** suggests that hybridization occurred both early and late during diversification of subgenus Hymenan thes,although the extent to which hybridization,speciation through mixing-isolation-mixing or hybrid speciation,accelerated the diversification needs further *** of isolation and contact in such and other montane ecosystems may have together promoted species radiation through hybridization between diverging populations and *** radiation processes may apply to other montane floras in this region and elsewhere.

关键词： evolutionary radiation hybridization rhododendron subgenus Hymenanthes montane flora

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北半球高山和极地虎耳草属物种丰富度的地理格局:温度和生境异质性的作用

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第2期15卷 237-252页

作者： Lian Liu Xiaoting Xu Lei Zhang Yaoqi Li nawal shrestha Danilo M.Neves Qinggang Wang Hong Chang Xiangyan Su Yunpeng Liu Jianyong Wu Dimitar Dimitrov Zhiheng Wang Jianquan Liu Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem Institute of Innovation EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Brazil Department of Ecology and Ecological Engineering College of Resources and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming of Beijing CityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042China Department of Natural History University Museum of BergenUniversity of BergenPO Box 78005020 BergenNorway

现代气候、生境异质性和长期气候变化对森林生态系统中分布的木本植物的物种丰富度格局的影响在以往研究中受到广泛关注,但对高寒-极地生态系统中的草本植物物种丰富度格局及其影响因素的研究仍较少。本研究旨在检验以往研究中基于物种... 详细信息

现代气候、生境异质性和长期气候变化对森林生态系统中分布的木本植物的物种丰富度格局的影响在以往研究中受到广泛关注,但对高寒-极地生态系统中的草本植物物种丰富度格局及其影响因素的研究仍较少。本研究旨在检验以往研究中基于物种丰富度和环境因子关系提出的假说是否能够解释高寒-极地地区典型草本植物-虎耳草属(Saxifraga)的物种丰富度格局。本研究利用全球437种虎耳草属物种分布数据,探讨了全部物种、广域和狭域物种丰富度格局的影响因素。采用广义线性模型和空间自回归模型,评估了现代气候、生境异质性和历史气候对虎耳草属物种丰富度格局的影响。采用偏回归分析了不同变量对物种丰富度的独立解释率和共同解释率,并检验了4种广泛使用的物种丰富度与环境关系模型对物种丰富度格局的解释能力。研究结果表明,温度与虎耳草属所有物种和广域物种的物种丰富度格局呈显著负相关关系,是影响物种丰富度格局最重要的环境因子,这可能反映了虎耳草属对其祖先温带生态位的保守性。生境异质性和末次冰期以来的气候变化是虎耳草属狭域物种丰富度空间变异的最佳预测因子。总体而言,包含5个预测变量的组合模型可以解释大约40%–50%的虎耳草属物种丰富度的空间变异。此外,进化和生物地理过程在虎耳草属物种丰富度格局形成方面可能发挥了重要作用,这有待进一步研究。

关键词：气候变化末次盛冰期生态位保守范围大小水分-能量动态假说

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Traditional therapeutics in the Nepal Himalaya： a trove of ethnomedicinal plant knowledge

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2018年第4期32卷 271-271页

作者： nawal shrestha Department of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Ethnobotanical Society of Nepal (ESON) Guchha Marg New Road K

Nepal is an excellent repository of cultural heritage and has a rich tradition of folk practices for wild plants *** plant-based therapy is a common practice in the rural communities of *** 80% of the total population in Nepal use traditional herbal medicines for primary *** and approximately 1700 species of plants is currently being utilized as medicines,both in the crude form as well as processed *** their extensive range of knowledge on medicinal plants utilization,indigenous people remain the ultimate source for retrieving this information for the purpose of application,particularly in modern *** studies in Nepal have reported previously *** use of several medicinal plants with high consensus among the informants regarding their *** chirayita,Paris polyphylla,Aconitum spicatum,Dactylorhiza hatagirea,Nardostachys grandiflora and Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora are some of the valuable and widely used medicinal plants in Nepal.A high degree of consensus on the use of these Himalayan plants likely suggests their strong therapeutic *** ethnobotanical investigations in the past have led to the development of important anticancer drugs:podophyllotoxin and reserpine as well as drugs,such as vinblastine to treat ***,careful and systematic screening of compounds isolated from the Himalayan plants could provide good opportunity for the discovery of new medicines to treat life-threatening human *** species with new use reports have lesser known pharmacological potential due to lack of *** and reliable *** researches should therefore,be directed towards isolating bio-active compounds from these potentially valuable plants and systematically assessing their pharmacological *** Nepal possesses enormous potential in pharmaceutical research,the "One Belt One Road" initiative of China could provide a great platform in promoting the resear

关键词：尼泊尔中草药治疗方法临床分析

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Patterns and ecological determinants of woody plant height in eastern Eurasia and its relation to primary productivity

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第5期12卷 791-803页

作者： Zhiheng Wang Yaoqi Li Xiangyan Su Shengli Tao Xiao Feng Qinggang Wang Xiaoting Xu Yunpeng Liu Sean T.Michaletz nawal shrestha Markku Larjavaara Brian J.Enquist Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA LaboratoireÉvolution et DiversitéBiologique(EDB)UMR 5174 31062Toulouse Cedex 9France Institute of the Environment University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Ecology College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina Biosphere 2 University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada The Santa Fe Institute Santa FeNM 87501USA

Aims Plant height is a key functional trait related to aboveground bio-mass,leaf photosynthesis and plant ***,large-scale geographical patterns in community-average plant height(cAPH)of woody species and drivers of these patterns across different life forms remain hotly ***,whether cAPH could be used as a predictor of ecosystem primary productivity is *** We compiled mature height and distributions of 11422 woody spe-cies in eastern Eurasia,and estimated geographic patterns in cAPH for different taxonomic groups and life *** we evaluated the effects of environmental(including current climate and historical climate change since the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM))and evolutionary factors on ***,we compared the predictive power of cAPH on primary productivity with that of LiDAR-derived canopy-height data from a global *** Findings Geographic patterns of cAPH and their drivers differed among taxonomic groups and life *** strongest predictor for cAPH of all woody species combined,angiosperms,all dicots and deciduous dicots was actual evapotranspiration,while temperature was the strongest pre-dictor for cAPH of monocots and tree,shrub and evergreen dicots,and water availability for *** climate change since the LGM had only weak effects on *** phylogenetic signal was detected in family-wise average height,which was also unrelated to the tested environmental ***,we found a strong correlation between cAPH and ecosystem primary *** productivity showed a weaker relationship with cAPH of the tallest species within a grid cell and no relationship with LiDAR-derived canopy height reported in the global *** findings suggest that current climate rather than historical climate change and evolutionary history determine the geographical patterns in ***,the relative effects of climatic factors representing environmental energy and water availability on s

关键词： annual evapotranspiration ecosystem primary productivity environmental factors historical climate change phylogenetic signals community-average plant height woody plants

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A chromosome-scale genome assembly of a diploid alfalfa,the progenitor of autotetraploid alfalfa

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 82-93页

作者： Ao Li Ai Liu Xin Du Jin-Yuan Chen Mou Yin Hong-Yin Hu nawal shrestha Sheng-Dan Wu Hai-Qing Wang Quan-Wen Dou Zhi-Peng Liu Jian-Quan Liu Yong-Zhi Yang Guang-Peng Ren State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems Institute of Innovation Ecology&School of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education&State Key Lab of Hydraulics&Mountain River Engineering College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina

Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)is one of the most important and widely cultivated forage *** is commonly used as a vegetable and medicinal herb because of its excellent nutritional quality and significant economic *** on Illumina,Nanopore and Hi-C data,we assembled a chromosome-scale assembly of Medicago sativa ***(voucher PI464715),the direct diploid progenitor of autotetraploid *** assembled genome comprises 793.2 Mb of genomic sequence and 47,202 annotated protein-coding *** contig N50 length is 3.86 *** genome is almost twofold larger and contains more annotated protein-coding genes than that of its close relative,Medicago truncatula(420 Mb and 44,623 genes).The more expanded gene families compared with those in *** and the expansion of repetitive elements rather than whole-genome duplication(i.e.,the two species share the ancestral Papilionoideae whole-genome duplication event)may have contributed to the large genome size of *** *** and evolutionary analyses revealed that *** *** diverged from ***~5.2 million years ago,and the chromosomal fissions and fusions detected between the two genomes occurred during the divergence of the two *** addition,we identified 489 resistance(R)genes and 82 and 85 candidate genes involved in the lignin and cellulose biosynthesis pathways,*** near-complete and accurate diploid alfalfa reference genome obtained herein serves as an important complement to the recently assembled autotetraploid alfalfa genome and will provide valuable genomic resources for investigating the genomic architecture of autotetraploid alfalfa as well as for improving breeding strategies in alfalfa.

关键词： breeding cultivated alfalfa

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