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Towards safe injection practices for prevention of hepatitis C transmission in South Asia: Challenges and progress

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第25期22卷 5837-5852页

作者： naveed Zafar Janjua Zahid Ahmad Butt Bushra Mahmood Arshad Altaf Clinical Prevention Services British Columbia Centre for Disease Control School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Service Delivery and Safety World Health Organization

AIM: To summarize the available information about injection use and its determinants in the South Asian region. METHODS: We searched published and unpublished literature on injection safety in South Asia published during 1995-2016 using the keywords "injection" "unsafe injection" and "immunization injection" and combined these with each of the countries and/or their respective states or provinces in South Asia. We used a standardized questionnaire to abstract the following data from the articles: the annual number of injections per capita, the proportion of injections administered with a reused syringe or needle, the distribution of injections with respect to prescribers and providers and determinants of injection use. RESULTS: Although information is very limited for certain countries(i.e., Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka), healthcare injection use is very common across South Asia, with cross-country rates ranging from 2.4 to 13.6 injections/person/year. Furthermore, recent studies show that 5% to 50% of these injections are provided with reused syringes, thus creating potential to transmission of blood-borne pathogens. Qualified and unqualified practitioners, especially in the private sector, are the major drivers behind injection use, but patients also prefer injections, especially among the rural, poor or uneducated in certain countries. According to available data, Pakistan and India have recently taken steps towards achieving safe injection. Potential interventions include the introduction of reuse prevention devices, and patient-, community- and patient/community and provider-centered interventionsto change population and practitioner behavior. CONCLUSION: Injection use is common in South Asian countries. Multilevel interventions aiming at patients, providers and the healthcare system are needed to reduce injection use and reuse.

关键词： Unsafe injections Hepatitis C Hepatitis B South Asia Prescription practices

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Estimating the basic reproductive ratio for the Ebola outbreak in Liberia and Sierra Leone

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 114-121页

作者： Adnan Khan Mahim naveed Muhammad Dur-e-Ahmad Mudassar Imran Department of Mathematics Lahore University of Management SciencesLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics State University of New York at PlattsburghPlattsburghNYUSA Department of Mathematics Waterloo UniversityWaterlooONCanada Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences GULF University for Science and TechnologyMubarak Al-AbdullahWest MishrefKuwait

Background:Ebola virus disease has reemerged as a major public health crisis in Africa,with isolated cases also observed globally,during the current ***:To estimate the basic reproductive ratio R0,which is a measure of the severity of the outbreak,we developed a SEIR(susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered)type deterministic model,and used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC),for the Ebola outbreak in Liberia and Sierra *** different data sets are available:one with raw reported data and one with corrected data(as the CDC suspects under-reporting).Results:Using a deterministic ordinary differential equation transmission model for Ebola epidemic,the basic reproductive ratio R0 for Liberia resulted to be 1.757 and 1.9 for corrected and uncorrected case data,*** Sierra Leone,R0 resulted to be 1.492 and 1.362 for corrected and uncorrected case data,*** each of the two cases we considered,the estimate for the basic reproductive ratio was initially greater than unity leading to an epidemic ***:We obtained robust estimates for the value of R0 associated with the 2014 Ebola outbreak,and showed that there is close agreement between our estimates of *** of our model also showed that effective isolation is required,with the contact rate in isolation less than one quarter of that for the infected non-isolated population,and that the fraction of high-risk individuals must be brought to less than 10%of the overall susceptible population,in order to bring the value of R0 to less than 1,and hence control the outbreak.

关键词： Epidemiology Ebola virus disease Transmission model Basic reproductive ratio

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DETECTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INCLUSIONS USING TOPOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2017年第5期35卷 642-671页

作者： Abdul Wahab Tasawar Abbas naveed Ahmed Qazi Muhammad Zaigham Zia Bio Imaging and Signal Processing Lab. Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 305-701 Daejeon Korea Department of Mathematics and Statistics Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences International Islamic University 44000 Islamabad Pakistan Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Leibniz Institute in Forschungsverbund Berlin e. V. (WIAS) Mohrenstr. 39 10117 Berlin Germany Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Campus Park Road Chak Shahzad 44000 Islamabad Pakistan

In this article, a topological sensitivity framework for far-field detection of a diamet- rically small electromagnetic inclusion is established. The cases of single and multiple measurements of the electric far-field scattering amplitude at a fixed frequency are tak- en into account. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed theoretically in terms of its resolution and sensitivity for locating an inclusion. The stability of the framework with respect to measurement and medium noises is discussed. Moreover, the quantitative results for signal-to-noise ratio are presented. A few numerical results are presented to illustrate the detection capabilities of the proposed framework with single and multiple measurements.

关键词： Electromagnetic imaging Topological derivative Localization Resolution analysis Stability analysis Medium noise Measurement noise.

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Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Acid and UV Ozone Treated Nanodiamond Epoxy Nanocomposites

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第8期30卷 753-758页

作者： Sobia A.Rakha naveed Ali Yasir A.Haleem Fakhre Alam Aqeel A.Khurram Arshad Munir Experimental Physics Labs National Centre for Physics ComplexIslamabad 45320Pakistan Centre of Excellence in Science and Advance Technologies Islamabad 45320Pakistan Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Physics Kohat UniversityKohat 26000Pakistan

Nanodiamond（ND） powder was successfully activated by wet chemical method and by exposure of UV/O3 in a chamber followed by mixing in triethylenetetramine（TETA） *** reinforcement role of activated ND in the mechanical properties of epoxy matrix was *** treatments,*** and UV/O3 provide ND surface with chemical functionalities for adhesion with epoxy *** transform infrared spectroscopy was utilized to confirm the attachment of surface groups to the ND *** low content of acid and UV/O3 activated ND was dispersed ultrasonically in the epoxy matrix separately to make *** mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated under three point *** strong interactions among activated ND particles and the epoxy resin provide efficient load transfer interfaces,which enhances the mechanical properties of the *** was found that the flexural strength,modulus,and toughness of 0.1 wt%ND loaded nanocomposites have been enhanced up to 85%,57%,and 39%,respectively for UV/O3 treated ND *** is also found that the optimum ND concentration to achieve maximum reinforcement is 0.1 wt%while higher concentrations lead to decrease in mechanical *** significant improvement of the mechanical properties of the ND/epoxy nanocomposites is attributed to the good dispersion of the functionalized ND in epoxy matrix.

关键词： Nanodiamond Dispersion Mechanical properties Nanocomposites

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Impact of Joule heating and multiple slips on a Maxwell nanofluid flow past a slendering surface

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2022年第1期74卷 1-15页

作者： Hijaz Ahmadand Shafiq Ahmad Muhammad naveed Khan Sohail Nadeem Aysha Rehman Hijaz Ahmad Rifaqat AN Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University 45320Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of GujratGujrat50700 Pakistan Section of Mathematics International Telematic University UninettunoCorso Vittorio Emanuele II3900186 RomaItaly Department of Mathematics College of Science and ArtsMuhayilKing Khalid University 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia

This manuscript presents a study of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic Maxwell nanofluid flow across a slendering stretched surface with Joule *** impact of binary chemical reactions,heat generation,thermal radiation,and thermophoretic effect is also taken into *** multiple slip boundary conditions are utilized at the boundary of the *** appropriate similarity variable is used to transfer the flow modeled equations into ODEs,which are numerically solved by the utilization of the MATLAB bvp4c *** involved parameter's impact on the concentration,velocity,and temperature distribution are scrutinized with *** transport rates(mass,heat)are also investigated using the same variables,with the results reported in tabulated *** is seen that the fluid relaxation,magnetic,and wall thickness characteristics diminish the velocities of ***,the velocity,concentration,and temperature slip parameters reduce the velocities of fluid,temperature,and concentration *** results are compared to existing studies and shown to be in dependable agreement.

关键词： Maxwell nanofluid slendering stretching surface Joule heating thermal radiation thermophoretic effect

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Dynamical Behavior and Sensitivity Analysis of a Delayed Coronavirus Epidemic Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第10期65卷 225-241页

作者： Muhammad naveed Dumitru Baleanu Muhammad Rafiq Ali Raza Atif Hassan Soori Nauman Ahmed Department of Mathematics Air UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-BucharestRomania Faculty of Engineering University of Central PunjabLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics National College of Business Administration and EconomicsLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of LahoreLahorePakistan

Mathematical delay modelling has a significant role in the different disciplines such as behavioural,social,physical,biological engineering,and bio-mathematical *** present work describes mathematical formulation for the transmission mechanism of a novel coronavirus(COVID-19).Due to the unavailability of vaccines for the coronavirus worldwide,delay factors such as social distance,quarantine,travel restrictions,extended holidays,hospitalization,and isolation have contributed to controlling the coronavirus *** have analysed the reproduction number and its sensitivity to ***,R_(covid)>1then this situation will help to eradicate the disease and if,R_(covid)>1 the virus will spread rapidly in the human ***-known theorems such as Routh Hurwitz criteria and Lasalle invariance principle have presented for *** local and global stabilizes for both equilibria of the model have also been ***,we have analysed the effect of delay reason on the reproduction *** the last,some very useful numerical consequences have presented in support of hypothetical analysis.

关键词： Coronavirus(COVID-19) delay mathematical model reproduction number sensitive analysis stability analysis

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A study of heat and mass transfer on magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow of nanoparticles

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Propulsion and Power Research 2018年第1期7卷 72-77页

作者： Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din Umar Khan naveed Ahmed Muhammad Mehdi Rashidi Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesHITEC UniversityTaxila CanttPakistan Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and Vehicle Thermal Management Systems Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Center for Research(CFR) University of Islamabad(UoI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyAbbottabadPakistan

Investigation of the flow,heat and mass transfer of a nanofluid over a suddenly moved flat plate is presented using Buongiorno's *** study is different from some of the previous studies as the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis on nanoparticles volume fraction are passively controlled on the boundary rather than *** partial differential equations governing the flow are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential *** similarity transforms are used for this purpose.A well-known numerical scheme called Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method coupled with shooting procedure has been used to find the solution of resulting system of *** on the effects of different emerging parameters is provided using graphical aid.A table is also given that provides the results of different parameters on local Nusselt and Sherwood *** passive control model can be used to control the boundary layer thickness as well as the rate of mass transfer at the wall.

关键词： Nanofluid Brownian motion Thermophoresis Nusselt number Sherwood number

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Development of stability-preserving time-limited model reduction framework for 2-D and 1-D models with error bound

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Control Theory and Technology 2022年第3期20卷 371-381页

作者： Muhammad Imran Syeda Hira Ambreen Syed Nooh Hamdani Muhammad Imran Muhammad Ejaz naveed Maria Siddiqui Department of Electrical Engineering Military College of Signals(MCS)National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad43000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Sir Syed(Center For Advanced Studies)Institute of Technology(SSCASE)Islamabad43000Pakistan College of Science and Humanities Rumah Majmaah UniversityRumahKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Due to their complex structure,2-D models are challenging to work with;additionally,simulation,analysis,design,and control get increasingly difficult as the order of the model ***,in particular time intervals,Gawronski and Juang’s time-limited model reduction schemes produce an unstable reduced-order model for the 2-D and 1-D *** revealed some stability preservation solutions to address this key flaw which ensure the stability of 1-D reduced-order systems;nevertheless,these strategies result in large approximation ***,to the best of the authors’knowledge,there is no literature available for the stability preserving time-limited-interval Gramian-based model reduction framework for the 2-D discrete-time *** this article,2-D models are decomposed into two separate sub-models(i.e.,two cascaded 1-D models)using the condition of minimal *** reduction procedures are conducted on these obtained two 1-D sub-models using limited-time *** suggested methodology works for both 2-D and 1-D ***,the suggested methodology gives the stability of the reduced model as well as a priori error-bound expressions for the 2-D and 1-D *** results and comparisons between existing and suggested methodologies are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested methodology.

关键词： Model reduction Weighted Gramian Limited interval Gramian Minimal realization Approximation error Error bound

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Sedimentology of Marl and Marly Limestone Sequence of Upper Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation from Northern Kalachitta Range, Attock Hazara Fold and Thrust Belt, Pakistan

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第1期9卷 1-14页

作者： Saif Ur Rehman Khalid Mehmood Muhammad Fahad ullah naveed Ahsan Faisal Rehman Tariq Mahmood Mahboob Ahmed Department of Earth Sciences University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Oil and Gas Development Corporation Limited Islamabad Pakistan

Upper Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation is well exposed in the Attock Hazara Fold and Thrust Belt (AHFTB) and shows significant lateral and vertical variations in lithology. The present work deals with the sedimentological studies of marl and marly limestone sequence of Kawagarh Formation exposed at the Bagh Neelab, Ghariala north and Sojhanda villages in Northern Kalachitta Range. Detailed petrographic studies of marly limestone and hard marl substrate show that planktons and oysters are the main skeletal constituents of studied samples and clay and detrital quartz mainly composed the non skeletal fraction. X-Ray diffraction analyses of selected marl samples confirm the petrographic data. On the basis of skeletal and non skeletal content, two microfacies—marl microfacies and Planktonic microfacies are constructed. The faunal content, their paleoecology and detrital content of microfacies suggest that marl and marly limestone sequence of Kawagarh Formation was deposited over the mid and outer ramp settings.

关键词： Attock Hazara Fold & Thrust Belt Fauna Kalachitta Range Microfacies Ramp

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Dynamic Stability Improvement of Decentralized Wind Farms by Effective Distribution Static Compensator

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第3期9卷 516-525页

作者： Muhammad naveed Naz Saqif Imtiaz Muhammad Kamran Liaquat Bhatti Waseem Qaiser Awan Muhammad Siddique Ashfaq Riaz Department of Electrical Engineering NFC Institute of Engineering&TechnologyMultanPakistan Multan Electric Power Company MultanPakistan

Dynamic instability of decentralized wind energy farms is a major issue to deliver continuous green energy to electricity *** instability is caused by variations of voltage and frequency parameters due to intermittencies in wind ***,droop control and inverter-based schemes have been proposed to regulate the voltage by balancing reactive power,while inertial control,digital mapping tech-nique of proportional-integral-differential(PID)controller and efficiency control strategy have been developed to regulate the *** this paper,voltage stability is improved by a new joint strategy of distribution static compensator(DSTATCOM)six-pulse controller based reactive power management among decentralized wind turbines and controlled charging of capacitor *** frequency stability is ensured by a joint coordinated utilization of capacitor bank and distributed wind power turbines dispatching through a new DSTATCOM six-pulse controller *** both strategies,power grid is contributed as a backup source with less *** new joint strategies for voltage and frequency stabilities will enhance the stable active power delivery to end users.A system test case is developed to verify the proposed joint *** test results of the proposed new schemes are proved to be effective in terms of stability improvement of voltage,frequency and active power generation.

关键词： Dynamic instability decentralized wind energy farms voltage instability frequency instability distribution static compensator(DSTATCOM) reactive power management in-termittency

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