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Nutrient Intakes from Food of lactating Women Do Not Meet Many Dietary Recommendations Important for Infant Development and Maternal Health

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第17期5卷 1644-1651页

作者： nathan S. Pratt Holiday A. Durham Christina l. Sherry Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge USA Department of Scientific and Medical Affairs Abbott Nutrition Columbus USA University of Illinois Research Park Abbott Nutrition Champaign USA

literature describing dietary intakes of lactating mothers in the United States (US) is limited and none of the existing studies attempts to identify whether dietary shortcomings of lactating mothers are distinct from those of women of childbearing age in the US. The first objective of this observational study was to comprehensively analyze the dietary intakes of lactating mothers in the US to determine whether nutrient intakes from food were sufficient to meet recommendations. The second objective was to compare these intakes to those of women of childbearing age in the US. Weekly 3-day food records were collected from subjects for six weeks in 2012-2013. Subject mean daily intakes of food groups, macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and specific fats including omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids were determined and compared to daily recommendations. Intakes were compared to US women using the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Fruit, vegetable, and dairy intakes of mothers were ≤50% of recommendations, resulting in 12 of 26 analyzed vitamins or minerals including potassium, iodine, chromium, choline, and vitamins A, D, and E having mean daily intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement. Vitamin D intake of subjects was 18% lower than US women, while most other nutrients showed intakes within 10% of each other between populations. lactating women are not meeting the increased dietary needs associated with breastfeeding, supporting education initiatives and interventions specifically tailored to breastfeeding populations to increase intakes of vitamin D, vitamin E, iodine, biotin, carotenoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids from food.

关键词： Breastfeeding Dietary Intake Nutrition lactating

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Single-center experience with radium-223 in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第4期22卷 437-438页

作者： Anil Kapoor nathan C Wong Yuding Wang Som Mukherjee Sebastien Hotte Ian Dayes Himu lukka Division of Urology Department of SurgeryMcMaster UniversityHamiltonON L8N 4A6U SA Department of Oncology McMaster UniversityHamiltonON L8N 4A6USA.

Dear Editor,Approximately 90%of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC)have bone metastases that can cause excruciating pain,bone fractures,disability,and death.13 Radium-223 is a radioactive isotope that mimics calcium and emits alpha particle radiation that selectively targets bone metastases.4,5 The results from the Alpharadin in Symptomatic Prostate Cancer Patients(AlSYMPCA)study,a phase 3 randomized controlled trial,showed that radium-223 improved overall survival(OS)and time to symptomatic skeletalrelated events(SRE)in men with mCRPC and bone metastases compared to placebo.6 Despite the FDA approval,radium-223 appears to be less utilized for the treatment of mCRPC compared to oral agents that target the androgen receptor pathway.

关键词： metastases cancer Cancer

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Effect of noncircular orifice plates on the near flow field of turbulent free jets

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第12期23卷 298-306页

作者：徐敏义童杏清岳丹婷张健鹏米建春 nathan G.J. Kalt P.A.M. Marine Engineering College Dalian Maritime University State Key laboratory of Turbulence & Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University Centre for Energy Technology and School of Mechanical Engineering University of Adelaide

In this paper, we experimentally investigate the near-field flow characteristics of turbulent free jets respectively issued from circular, triangular, diamond, rectangular, and notched-rectangular orifice plates into air surroundings. All the orifice plates have identical opening areas or equivalent diameters（De） and their aspect ratios（AR） range from 1 to 6.5. Planar particle image velocimetry（PIV） is used to measure the velocity field at the same Reynolds number of Re = 5 × 10^4,where Re = Ue De/ν with Ue being the exit bulk velocity and ν the kinematic viscosity of fluid. The mean and turbulent velocity fields of all the five jets are compared in detail. Results show that the noncircular jets can enhance the entrainment rate, reflected by the higher acceleration rates of mean velocity decay and spread, shorten the length of the unmixed core,expedite the increase of turbulent intensity compared with the circular counterpart shortened unmixed core, and increase turbulent intensity comparing to the circular counterpart. Among the five jets, the rectangular jet（AR = 6.5） produces the greatest decay rate of the near-field mean velocity, postpones the position at which the 鈥榓xis-switching鈥檖henomenon occurs. This supports that axis switching phenomenon strongly depends on jet initial conditions. In addition, the hump in the centerline variation of the turbulence intensity is observed in the rectangular and triangular jets, but not in the circular jet, nor in diamond jet nor in notched-rectangular jet.

关键词： noncircular jet free jet turbulence mixing axis-switching

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Column response curves of nonlinear chromatography for equilibrium isotherms with inflection points

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西北大学学报(自然科学版) 1999年第2期29卷 27-32页

作者： Yu Qiming (School of Environmental Engineering,Griffith University,nathan Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4111,Australia) Griffith University 澳大利亚

Ｉｎｎｏｎｌｉｅａｒｃｈｒｏｍａｔｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ｉｔｉｓｇｅｎｅｒａｌｙｒｅ－ｇａｒｄｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍａｉｎｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｌｕｍｎｒｅ－ｓｐｏｎｓｅｃｕｒｖｅｓ（ｏｒｂｒｅａｋｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｃｕ... 详细信息

Ｉｎｎｏｎｌｉｅａｒｃｈｒｏｍａｔｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ｉｔｉｓｇｅｎｅｒａｌｙｒｅ－ｇａｒｄｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍａｉｎｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｌｕｍｎｒｅ－ｓｐｏｎｓｅｃｕｒｖｅｓ（ｏｒｂｒｅａｋｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｃｕｒｖｅｓ）ａｒｅｄｅｔｅｒ－ｍｉｎ...

关键词： nonlinear chromatography equilibrium isotherms inflection points column response carve

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Pathogenic mechanisms of pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2017年第1期8卷 10-25页

作者： Murli Manohar Alok Kumar Verma Sathisha Upparahalli Venkateshaiah nathan l Sanders Anil Mishra Department of Medicine Section of Pulmonary DiseasesTulane Eosinophilic Disorders CenterTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

Pancreatitis is inflammation of pancreas and caused by a number of factors including pancreatic duct obstruction, alcoholism, and mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene. Pancreatitis is represented as acute pancreatitis with acute inflammatory responses and; chronic pan-creatitis characterized by marked stroma formation with a high number of infiltrating granulocytes(such as neutrophils, eosinophils), monocytes, macrophages and pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs). These inflammatory cells are known to play a central role in initiating and promoting inflammation including pancreatic fibrosis, i.e., a major risk factor for pancreatic cancer. A number of inflammatory cytokines are known to involve in pro-moting pancreatic pathogenesis that lead pancreatic fibrosis. Pancreatic fibrosis is a dynamic phenomenon that requires an intricate network of several autocrine and paracrine signaling pathways. In this review, we have provided the details of various cytokines and molecular mechanistic pathways(i.e., Transforming growth factor-β/SMAD, mitogen--activated protein kinases, Rho kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase) that have a critical role in the activation of PSCs to promote chronic pancreatitis and trigger the phenomenon of pancreatic fibrogenesis. In this review of literature, we discuss the involvement of several pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as in interleukin(Il)-1, Il-1β, Il-6, Il--8 Il-10, Il-18, Il--33 and tumor necrosis factor-α, in the pathogenesis of disease. Our review also highlights the significance of several experimental animal models that have an important role in dissecting the mechanistic pathways operating in the development of chronic pancreatitis, including pancreatic fibrosis. Additionally, we provided several intermediary molecules that are involved in major signaling pathways that might provide target molecules for future therapeutic treatment strategies for pancreatic p

关键词： Pancreatitis Pancreatic stellate cells Transforming growth factor-β/SMAD Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators Mitogen-activated protein kinases

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An Analog Method for Seasonal Forecasting in Northern High latitudes

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2021年第3期11卷 469-485页

作者： John E. Walsh Brian Brettschneider nathan P. Kettle Richard l. Thoman International Arctic Research Center University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USA National Weather Service Alaska Region NOAA Anchorage Alaska USA

An analog forecast method designed for monthly and seasonal outlooks is applied to the Arctic. The analog selection process uses pattern matches based on agreement with historical data to identify past years with similar distributions of sea level pressure, upper-air geopotential height, surface and upper-air temperatures, precipitation, and sea surface temperatures. The evolution of the atmosphere in the analog years is then the basis of a prediction for the target year. Users can choose the predictor domain, the predictand domain, the variable to be predicted, and the number of antecedent months on which the analog selection is based. We provide an example of a monthly forecast generated by the analog forecast tool. In comparisons with operational dynamical model forecasts over the period 2012-2019, the analog system underperforms the dynamical models in middle latitudes but generally outperforms the dynamical models in monthly forecasts of surface air temperatures in the Arctic. The improvement over the dynamical models is especially apparent in the late summer and early autumn (August-October).

关键词： Arctic Climate Analog Forecasting

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Autologous treatment for AlS with implication for broad neuroprotection

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 718-736页

作者： Daehwan Kim Subin Kim Ashley Sung Neetika Patel nathan Wong Michael J.Conboy Irina M.Conboy Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (AlS) is characterized by a progressive loss of motor neurons (MNs), leading to paralysis, respiratory failure and death within 2-5 years of diagnosis. The exact mechanisms of sporadic AlS, which comprises 90% of all cases, remain unknown. In familial AlS, mutations in superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause 10% of cases. Methods: AlS patient-derived human-induced pluripotent stem cells (AlS hiPSCs, harboring the SOD1AV4 mutation), were differentiated to MNs (AlS-MNs). The neuroprotective effects of conditioned medium (CM) of hESCs (H9), wt hiPSCs (WTC-11) and the AlS iPSCs, on MN apoptosis and viability, formation and maintenance of neurites, mitochon-drial activity and expression of inflammatory genes, were examined. For in vivo studies, 200 μl of CM from the AlS iPSCs (CS07 and CS053) was injected subcutaneously into the AlS model mice (transgenic for the human SOD1G93A mutation). Animal agility and strength, muscle innervation and mass, neurological score, onset of paralysis and lifes-pan of the AlS mice were assayed. After observing significant disease-modifying effects, the CM was characterized biochemically by fractionation, comparative proteomics, and epigenetic screens for the dependence on pluripotency. CM of fibroblasts that were differentiated from the wt hiPSCs lacked any neuroprotective activity and was used as a negative control throughout the studies. Results: The secretome of PSCs including the AlS patient iPSCs was neuroprotective in the H2O2 model. In the model with pathogenic SOD1 mutation, AlS iPSC-CM attenuated all examined hallmarks of AlS pathology, rescued human AlS-MNs from denervation and death, restored mitochondrial health, and reduced the expression of inflam-matory genes. The AlS iPSC-CM also improved neuro-muscular health and function, and delayed paralysis and mor-bidity in AlS mice. Compared side by side, cyclosporine (CsA), a mitochondrial membrane blocker that prevents the leakage of mitochondri

关键词： Neurodegeneration Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SOD1 mutation Pluripotent stem cells Secretome

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Appendectomy and Clostridium difficile colitis:Relationships revealed by clinical observations and immunology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第34期19卷 5607-5614页

作者： nathan l Sanders R Randal Bollinger Ryan lee Steven Thomas William Parker Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center

Advances in understanding the interaction between the human immune system and the microbiome have led to an improved understanding of the function of the vermiform appendix as a safe-house for beneficial bacteria in the *** advances have been made despite long standing clinical observations that the appendectomy is a safe and effective ***,more recent clinical data show that an appendectomy puts patients at increased risk for recurrent Clostridium difficile(***)-associated colitis,and probably other diseases associated with an altered *** the same time,appendectomy does not apparently put patients at risk for an initial onset of ***-associated *** clinical observations point toward the idea that the vermiform appendix might not effectively protect the microbiome in the face of broad spectrum antibiotics,the use of which precedes the initial onset of ***-associated ***,these observations point to the idea that historically important threats to the microbiome such as infectious gastrointestinal pathogens have been supplanted by other threats,particularly the use of broad spectrum antibiotics.

关键词： Appendectomy Clostridium difficile Colitis Diarrheal illness Vermiform appendix

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Click and bioorthogonal hyaluronic acid hydrogels as an ultra-tunable platform for the investigation of cell-material interactions

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 438-449页

作者： nathan lagneau Pierre Tournier Boris Halgand François loll Yves Maugars Jérôme Guicheux Catherine le Visage Vianney Delplace Nantes Université OnirisCHU NantesINSERMRegenerative Medicine and SkeletonRMeSUMR 1229F-44000France

The cellular microenvironment plays a major role in the biological functions of ***,biomaterials,especially hydrogels,which can be design to mimic the cellular microenvironment,are being increasingly used for cell encapsulation,delivery,and 3D culture,with the hope of controlling cell ***,much remains to be understood about the effects of cell-material interactions,and advanced synthetic strategies need to be developed to independently control the mechanical and biochemical properties of *** address this challenge,we designed a new hyaluronic acid(HA)-based hydrogel platform using a click and bioorthogonal strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition(SPAAC)*** approach facilitates the synthesis of hydrogels that are easy to synthesize and sterilize,have minimal swelling,are stable long term,and are *** provides bioorthogonal HA gels over an uncommonly large range of stiffness(0.5-45 kPa),all forming within 1-15 *** importantly,our approach offers a versatile one-pot procedure to independently tune the hydrogel composition(e.g.,polymer and adhesive peptides).Using this platform,we investigate the independent effects of polymer type,stiffness,and adhesion on the secretory properties of human adipose-derived stromal cells(hASCs)and demonstrate that HA can enhance the secretion of immunomodulatory factors by hASCs.

关键词： Hydrogels Click and bioorthogonal chemistry Hyaluronic acid Mesenchymal stromal cells Cell-material interactions Secretome

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Penetrating and Basilic Trauma of the Thorax in a Context of Difficult Diagnosis at the Pediatric Hospital of Bangui (Central African Republic)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 657-662页

作者： Daniel Sylvère Ouaïmon Jacob Israël Junior Sopio nathan Gbanade Packo Oumarou Youssof Center Hospitalier Universitaire Pediatrique de Bangui (CHUPB) Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences Bangui University Bangui Central African Republic

Appropriate management of penetrating trauma to the thorax requires knowledge of vulnating agents, as well as the principles of ballistic injury. The importance of the approach’s choice for surgical exploration of these injuries, and parietal damage, is an essential factor in decision making in the management and definition of the therapeutic strategy for these injuries. The authors report a clinical case of a penetrating traumatic ballistic wound of the thorax managed in a context of difficult diagnosis in the surgical Unit of the CHUPB.

关键词： Firearm Wound Thorax Trauma Child CAR

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