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世界科学 1991年第8期 27-30页

作者： Maarten J.Chrispeels natasha v.raikhel 谢文凯

凝集素是以高亲和性将聚糖结合在糖蛋白、糖脂或多糖上的碳水化合蛋白.由于具有结合的特异性,凝集素能在细胞内、细胞间或组织间作识别分子.许多不同的植物种类、不同的器官、组织中都发现有凝集素的存在,因此,猜测它在植物中起着很基... 详细信息

凝集素是以高亲和性将聚糖结合在糖蛋白、糖脂或多糖上的碳水化合蛋白.由于具有结合的特异性,凝集素能在细胞内、细胞间或组织间作识别分子.许多不同的植物种类、不同的器官、组织中都发现有凝集素的存在,因此,猜测它在植物中起着很基本的生物学作用.

关键词：凝集素基因家族氨基酸 PHA WGA 大麦家系氨基羧酸麦类作物植物血细胞凝集素植物凝集素真菌植物防御

Endocytic Trafficking towards the vacuole Plays a Key Role in the Auxin Receptor SCF^TIR-Independent Mechanism of Lateral Root Formation in A. thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1195-1209页

作者： Patricio Perez-Henrique natasha v. raikhel Lorena Norambuena Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Chile Santiago Chile Millenium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biotechnology Chile Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Plants＇ developmental plasticity plays a pivotal role in responding to environmental conditions. One of the most plastic plant organs is the root system. Different environmental stimuli such as nutrients and water deficiency may induce lateral root formation to compensate for a low level of water and/or nutrients. It has been shown that the hor- mone auxin tunes lateral root development and components for its signaling pathway have been identified. Using chemi- cal biology, we discovered an Arabidopsis thaliana lateral root formation mechanism that is independent of the auxin receptor SCFTM. The bioactive compound Sortin2 increased lateral root occurrence by acting upstream from the morpho- logical marker of lateral root primordium formation, the mitotic activity. The compound did not display auxin activity. At the cellular level, Sortin2 accelerated endosomal trafficking, resulting in increased trafficking of plasma membrane recy- cling proteins to the vacuole. Sortin2 affected Late endosome/PvC/MvB trafficking and morphology. Combining Sortin2 with well-known drugs showed that endocytic trafficking of Late E/PvC/MvB towards the vacuole is pivotal for Sortin2- induced SCFTm-independent lateral root initiation. Our results revealed a distinctive role for endosomal trafficking in the promotion of lateral root formation via a process that does not rely on the auxin receptor complex SCFTM.

关键词： lateral root development endocytic trafficking Sortin2 endosomes Arabidopsis.

Identification and Preliminary Characterization of a New Chemical Affecting Glucosyltransferase Activities Involved in Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 977-989页

作者： Olga Zabotina Erik Maim Georgia Drakakaki vincent Bulone natasha raikhel Institute for Integrative Genome Biology Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA92521 USA School of Biotechnology Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) AlbaNova University Center Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden Present address: Department of Biochemistry Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50014 USA

Chemical genetics as a part of chemical genomics is a powerful and fast developing approach to dissect biological processes that may be difficult to characterize using conventional genetics because of gene redundancy or lethality and, in the case of polysaccharide biosynthesis, plant flexibility. Polysaccharide synthetic enzymes are located in two main compartments--the Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane-and can be studied in vitro using membrane fractions. Here, we first developed a high-throughput assay that allowed the screening of a library of chemicals with a potential effect on glycosyltransferase activities. Out of the 4800 chemicals screened for their effect on Golgi glucosyltransferases, 66 compounds from the primary screen had an effect on carbohydrate biosynthesis. Ten of these compounds were confirmed to inhibit glucose incorporation after a second screen. One compound exhibiting a strong inhibition effect （ID 6240780 named chemical A） was selected and further studied. It reversibly inhibits the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose by Golgi membranes, but activates the plasma membrane-bound callose synthase. The inhibition effect is dependent on the chemical structure of the compound, which does not affect endomembrane morphology of the plant cells, but causes changes in cell wall composition. Chemical A represents a novel drug with a great potential for the study of the mechanisms of Golgi and plasma membrane-bound glucosyltransferases.

关键词： cell walls callose synthase chemical screening and identification glycosyltransferase Golgi plasma membrane

An Approach to Quantify Endomembrane Dynamics in Pollen Utilizing Bioactive Chemicals

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1202-1213页

作者： Nolan Ung Michelle Q. Brown Glenn R. Hicks natasha v. raikhel Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA

Tip growth of pollen tubes and root hairs occurs via rapid polar growth. These rapidly elongating cells require tip-focused endomembrane trafficking for the deposition and recycling of proteins, membranes, and cell wall materials. Most of the image-based data published to date are subjective and non-quantified. Quantitative and com- parative descriptors of these highly dynamic processes have been a major challenge, but are highly desirable for genetic and chemical genomics approaches to dissect this biological network. To address this problem, we screened for small molecules that perturbed the localization of a marker for the Golgi Ras-like monomeric G-protein RAB2：GFP expressed in transgenic tobacco pollen. Semi-automated high-throughput imaging and image analysis resulted in the identifica- tion of novel compounds that altered pollen tube development and endomembrane trafficking. Six compounds that caused mislocalization and varying degrees of altered movement of RAB2：GFP-labeled endomembrane bodies were used to generate a training set of image data from which to quantify vesicle dynamics. The area, velocity, straightness, and intensity of each body were quantified using semi-automated image analysis tools revealing quantitative differences in the phenotype caused by each compound. A score was then given to each compound enabling quantitative comparisons between compounds. Our results demonstrate that image analysis can be used to quantitatively evaluate dynamic sub- cellular endomembrane phenotypes induced by bioactive chemicals, mutations, or other perturbing agents as part of a strategy to quantitatively dissect the endomembrane network.

关键词： endomembranes vesicle trafficking quantification pollen chemical biology.

Application of pan-sharpening algorithm for correlative multimodal imaging using AFM-IR

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 714-722页

作者： Nikolay Borodinov natasha Bilkey Marcus Foston Anton v.Ievlev Alex Belianinov Stephen Jesse Rama K.vasudevan Sergei v.Kalinin Olga S.Ovchinnikova Center for Nanophase Materials Science Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Energy Environmental&Chemical EngineeringWashington University in St.LouisOne Brookings DriveSt.LouisMO 63130USA

The coupling of atomic force microscopy with infrared spectroscopy(AFM-IR)offers the unique capability to characterize the local chemical and physical makeup of a broad variety of materials with nanoscale ***,in order to fully utilize the measurement capability of AFM-IR,a three-dimensional dataset(2D map with a spectroscopic dimension)needs to be acquired,which is prohibitively time-consuming at the same spatial resolution of a regular AFM *** this paper,we provide a new approach to process spectral AFM-IR data based on a multicomponent pan-sharpening *** approach requires only a low spatial resolution spectral and a limited number of high spatial resolution single wavenumber chemical maps to generate a high spatial resolution hyperspectral image,greatly reducing data acquisition *** a result,we are able to generate highresolution maps of component distribution,produce chemical maps at any wavenumber available in the spectral range,and perform correlative analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the *** highlight our approach via imaging of plant cell walls as a model system and showcase the interplay between mechanical stiffness of the sample and its chemical *** believe our pan-sharpening approach can be more generally applied to different material classes to enable deeper understanding of that structure-property relationship at the nanoscale.

关键词： utilize modal walls

Safety of same-day endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography under conscious sedation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第26期16卷 3287-3291页

作者： Kendrick Che natasha Muckova Snorri Olafsson Wichit Srikureja Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Loma Linda University Medical Center Loma Linda CA 92354 United States

AIM: To assess the tolerability and safety of same-day tandem procedures, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) followed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) under conscious sedation. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted at Loma Linda University Medical Center, a tertiary-care center. All 54 patients who underwent EUS followed by ERCP (group A) from 2004 to 2006 were included in the study. A second group of 56 patients who underwent EUS only (group B), and a third group of 53 patients who underwent ERCP only (group C) during the same time period were selected consecutively as control groups for comparison. RESULTS: Conscious sedation was used in 96% of patients in group A. Mean dosages of meperidine and midazolam used in group A were signifi cantly higher than in group B or C. Mean recovery time in group A was not statistically longer than in group B or C. Therewas no signifi cant difference in the incidence of sedation-related and procedural-related complications. CONCLUSION: Tandem EUS/ERCP procedure can be safely performed under conscious sedation with minimal adverse events. Combined procedures, however, are associated with higher dosages of sedatives, and slightly longer recovery time.

关键词： Conscious sedation Safety Same-day Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Single organ hepatic artery vasculitis as an unusual cause of epigastric pain:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第26期10卷 9384-9389页

作者： Rojin Kaviani Jessica Farrell natasha Dehghan Sarvee Moosavi Internal Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouver V5Z 1M9British ColumbiaCanada Division of Radiology Providence Health CareVancouver V5T 3N4British ColumbiaCanada Division of Rheumatology Providence Health CareVancouver V5T 3N4British ColumbiaCanada Division of Gastroenterology University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6Z 2K5British ColumbiaCanada

BACKGROUND Single-organ vasculitis(SOv)is characterized by inflammation of a blood vessel,affecting one organ,such as the skin,genitourinary system,or the aorta without systemic *** SOv is rare,with hepatic artery involvement reported only in two prior published ***,we presented a case of isolated hepatic artery vasculitis presenting after Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA corona virus disease 2019(COvID-19)*** SUMMARY A 50-year-old woman with hypertension presented to our Emergency Department with recurrent diffuse abdominal pain that localized to the epigastrium and emesis without diarrhea that began eight days after the second dose of the PfizerBioNTech COvID-19 *** work revealed an elevated C-reactive protein(CRP)of 19 mg/L(normalvated immunoglobulins(Ig)G 18.4 g/L(normal 7-16 g/L)and IgA 4.4 g/L(normal 0.7-4 g/L).An abdominal computed tomography revealed findings in keeping with hepatic artery vasculitis.A detailed review of her history and examination did not reveal infectious or systemic autoimmune causes of her *** extensive autoimmune panel was ***-19polymerase chain reaction nasopharyngeal swab,human immunodeficiency virus,viral hepatitis and Heliobacter pylori serology were *** six months,the patient’s symptoms,and blood work spontaneously *** High clinical suspicion of SOv is required for diagnosis in patients with acute abdominal pain and dyspepsia.

关键词： Single organ vasculitis Hepatic artery gastrointestinal vasculitis COvID-19 vaccine Hepatic artery vasculitis Case report

Evidence for a role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in the treatment of experimental acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16535-16543页

作者： natasha Irrera Alessandra Bitto Monica Interdonato Francesco Squadrito Domenica Altavilla Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Messina Department of Paediatric Gynaecological Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences University of Messina

Acute pancreatitis(AP) is an inflammatory disease characterized by acute inflammation and necrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma. AP is often associated with organ failure, sepsis, and high mortality. The pathogenesis of AP is still not well understood. In recent years several papers have highlighted the cellular and molecular events of acute pancreatitis. Pancreatitis is initiated by activation of digestive enzymes within the acinar cells that are involved in autodigestion of the gland, followed by a massive infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages and release of inflammatory mediators, responsible for the local and systemic inflammatory response. The hallmark of AP is parenchymal cell necrosis that represents the cause of the high morbidity and mortality, so that new potential therapeutic approaches are indispensable for the treatment of patients at high risk of complications. However, not all factors that determine the onset and course of the disease have been explained. Aim of this article is to review the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Experimental acute pancreatitis Mitogen-activated protein kinases Mitogen-activated protein kinases inhibitors Cytokines Cholecystokinin Cerulein

Emerging role of dual biologic therapy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第12期11卷 2621-2630页

作者： Matthew D McCormack natasha A Wahedna David Aldulaimi Peter Hawker Department of Gastroenterology South Warwickshire NHS Foundation TrustWarwick HospitalWarwick CV345BWUnited Kingdom

Biologic agents have now been used in the management of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)for many years where experience,expertise and confidence in their use has developed over *** the United Kingdom,there are well established guidelines and recommendations for both single agent biologic treatments,and with combination therapy of a biologic agent with a small molecule agent in maintenance *** recent times,there has been increasing interest and experience using dual biologic therapy(DBT)in IBD,primarily in difficult to treat and refractory cases with high disease ***,published data on use,experience and safety profiles is limited and large-scale studies remain low in number in this developing *** therefore aim to present a summary and review of the available published data in this area to help us better understand the emerging role of DBT in IBD.

关键词： Dual biologic therapy Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Combination therapy Biologic safety