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Challenge of liver disease in systemic lupus erythematosus:Clues for diagnosis and hints for pathogenesis

World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第6期6卷 394-409页

作者： Ferno Bessone natalia poles Marcelo G Roma Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department University of Rosario School of Medicine Institute of Experimental Physiology (CONI-CET-UNR) Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Rosario

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) encompass a broad spectrum of liver diseases. We propose here to classify them as follows:(1) immunological comorbilities(overlap syndromes);(2) non-immunological comorbilities associated to SLE; and(3) a putative liver damage induced by SLE itself, referred to as "lupus hepatitis". In the first group, liver injury can be ascribed to overlapping hepatopathies triggered by autoimmune mechanisms other than SLE occurring with higher incidence in the context of lupus(e.g., autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis). The second group includes non-autoimmune liver diseases, such as esteatosis, hepatitis C, hypercoagulation state-related liver lesions, hyperplasic parenchymal and vascular lesions, porphyria cutanea tarda, and drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Finally, the data in the literature to support the existence of a hepatic disease produced by SLE itself, or the occurrence of a SLE-associated prone condition that increases susceptibility to acquire other liver diseases, is critically discussed. The pathological mechanisms underlying each of these liver disorders are also reviewed. Despite the high heterogeneity in the literature regarding the prevalence of SLE-associated liver diseases and, in most cases, lack of histopathological evidence or clinical studies large enough to support their existence, it is becoming increasingly apparent that liver is an important target of SLE. Consequently, biochemical liver tests should be routinely carried out in SLE patients to discard liver disorders, particularly in those patients chronically exposed to potentially hepatotoxic drugs. Diagnosing liver disease in SLE patients is always challenging, and the systematization of the current information carried out in this review is expected to be of help both to attain a better understanding of pathogenesis and to build an appropriate work-up for diagnosis.

关键词：全身的豺狼座 erythematosus 豺狼座肝炎 Esteatosis 再生榴状的增生丙肝自体免疫的肝炎 Hepatotoxicity Nonsteroidal 反煽动性的药 Methotrexate

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Magnetic field hyperactivity during the early Neoproterozoic: A paleomagnetic and cyclostratigraphic study of the Katav Formation, southern Urals, Russia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第4期14卷 42-56页

作者： Inessa V.Golovanova Konstantin N.Danukalov Raushaniia Yu.Salmanova natalia M.Levashova Nikita P.Parfiriev Nina D.Sergeeva Joseph G.Meert Institute of Geology-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences(IG UFRC RAS) Russia Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Neil Opdyke Paleomagnetic LaboratoryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States

We present a detailed magnetostratigraphic and cyclostratigraphic profile through the Riphean(Tonian)Katav Formation in the southern *** study confirms the primary nature of the magnetization in these *** cyclostratigraphic study identified several orbital periods including the 405 ka long *** allows us to quantify the reversal frequency in the Katav and our estimates range of 7–12 reversals per million *** on our study,we identify an interval of magnetic field reversal hyperactivity in the Neoproterozoic *** estimates for the Katav are contentious and range somewhere between 800 Ma and 900 Ma based on carbonate Pb-Pb ages and stable isotope *** paleomagnetic poles obtained in this study of the Katav(and overlying Inzer)Formation do not fit anywhere on the Baltica apparent polar wander path between 1100 Ma and 900 ***,they lie 90away from the 900 Ma segment of the *** tentatively estimate their age to be closer to 800 Ma and perhaps confirm a previously hypothesized pulse of rapid true polar wander between 825 Ma and 790 Ma.

关键词： Magnetostratigraphy Cyclostratigraphy Hyperactive reversal True polar wander Tonian

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