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Cereal type and combined xylanase/glucanase supplementation influence the cecal microbiota composition in broilers

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1531-1542页

作者： Dimitrios Kouzounis Jannigje G.Kers natalia soares Hauke smidt Mirjam A.Kabel Henk A.schols Laboratory of Food Chemistry Wageningen University&Research6708 WG WageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University&Research6708 WE WageningenThe Netherlands Huvepharma NV 2600 BerchemBelgium

Dietary fiber-degrading enzyme supplementation in broilers aims at off-setting the anti-nutritive effect of non-starch polysaccharides and at promoting broiler ***,we demonstrated that xylanase/glucanase addition in wheat-based diet improved nutrient digestibility,arabinoxylan fermentability and broiler ***,maize arabinoxylan was found to be recalcitrant to xylanase *** findings suggested that enzyme-mediated improvement of nutrient digestion and carbohydrate fermentation depended on the cereal type present in the diet,and may have contributed to broiler ***,we aimed at further investigating the link between dietary enzymes and carbohydrate fermentation in broilers,by studying the impact of enzyme supplementation in cereal-based diets,to the microbial communities in the ileum and ceca of *** that purpose,96 one-day-old male broilers were randomly reared in two pens and received either wheat-based or maize-based starter and grower *** d 20,the broilers were randomly assigned to one out of four dietary *** broilers received for 8 d the wheat-based or maize-based finisher diet as such(Control treatments;WC,MC)or supplemented with a xylanase/glucanase combination(Enzyme treatments;WE,ME).At d 28,samples from the digestive tract were collected,and the ileal and cecal microbiota composition was determined by 16s ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing.A similar phylogenetic(alpha)diversity was observed among the four treatments,both in the ileal and the cecal ***,a similar microbial composition in the ileum(beta diversity)was observed,with lactobacilli being the predominant community for all *** contrast,both cereal type and enzyme supplementation were found to influence cecal *** type of cereal(i.e.,wheat or maize)explained 47% of the total variation in microbial composition in the *** stratifying the analysis per cereal type revealed differences in microbio

关键词： Arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides Broiler gut microbiota Cereal non-starch polysaccharides Feed enzymes Fiber fermentation Prebiotics 16s rRNA

Nanoscale image of the drug/metal mono-layer interaction:Tapping A FM-IR investigations

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Nano Research 2020年第4期13卷 1020-1028页

作者： natalia Piergies Alexandre Dazzi Ariane Deniset-Besseau Jeremie Mathurin Magdalena Ocwieja Czeslawa Paluszkiewicz Wojciech M.Kwiatek Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of SciencesPL-31342 KrakowPoland Laboratoire de Chimie Physique(LCP) CNRS UMR 8000Univ.of Paris-SudUniversite Paris-Saclay91405 OrsayFrance Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and surface Chemistry Polish Academy of sciences Niezapominajek 8PL-30239 KrakowPoland

The application of metal nanoparticles as an efficient drug delivery system is one of the directions of cancer therapy ***,this strategy requires precise information about how the drug interacts with the applied *** this study,atomic force microscopy combined with infrared spectroscopy(AFM-IR)was used for the first time to investigate the erlotinib adsorption structure on two different types of 15 nm metal nanoparticle mono-layers,namely,silver nanoparticle(AgNP)and gold nanoparticle(AuNP)*** the metal nanoparticles are loosely bound samples,only the tapping AFM-IR mode is suitable for the collection of IR maps and spectra for such a *** obtained results indicated the relevance of the AFM-IR technique for characterizing drug interactions with a metal mono-layer *** investigated drug interacts with the AgNPs mainly through phenyl rings and methoxy moieties,while quinazoline,amino,and ethoxy moieties appear to be farther from the *** the AuNPs,the interaction occurs through both the phenyl ring and the quinazoline ***,the aliphatic groups of erlotinib directly participate in this *** novelty of the present work is also related to the use of the tapping AFM-IR mode to study metal NP mono-layers with a drug adsorbed on *** collected IR maps for the most enhanced erlotinib bands show specific areas with very high signal *** connection between these areas and the"hot spots"typical for the surface plasmon resonance phenomenon of metals is considered.

关键词： metal nanoparticle mono-layer drug's adsorption infrared nanospectroscopy atomic force microscopy erlotinib

Moving forward in colorectal cancer research, what proteomics has to tell

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第44期13卷 5813-5821页

作者： Nerea Bitarte Eva Bandrés Ruth Zárate natalia Ramirez Jesus Garcia-Foncillas Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics Center for Medical Applied Research Unit of Clinical Genetics University Clinic Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy University Clinic University of Navarra Pamplona 31008 Spain

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and is highly fatal. During the last several years, research has been primarily based on the study of expression profiles using microarray technology. But now, investigators are putting into practice proteomic analyses of cancer tissues and cells to identify new diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers for this cancer. Because the proteome reflects the state of a cell, tissue or organism more accurately, much is expected from proteomics to yield better tumor markers for disease diagnosis and therapy monitoring. This review summarizes the most relevant applications of proteomics the biomarker discovery for colorectal cancer.

关键词： Proteomics Colorectal cancer Biomarker

Risk prediction rule for advanced neoplasia on screening colonoscopy for average-risk individuals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第37期26卷 5705-5717页

作者： Ala I sharara Ali El Mokahal Ali H Harb natalia Khalaf Fayez s sarkis Mustapha M El-Halabi Nabil M Mansour Ahmad Malli Robert Habib Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 11072020Lebanon Digestive and Liver Diseases Division University of Texas-SouthwesternDallasTX 75390United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityMO 66160United States Division of Gastroenterology St Elizabeth HealthcareCrestview HillsKY 41017United States Department of Internal Medicine Section of Gastroenterology and HepatologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Gastroenterology Hennepin HealthcareMinneapolisMN 55404United States Department of Internal Medicine American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon

BACKGROUND In resource-limited countries,risk stratification can be used to optimize colorectal cancer *** prospective risk prediction models exist for advanced neoplasia(AN)in true average-risk *** To create and internally validate a risk prediction model for detection of AN in METHODs Prospective study of asymptomatic individuals undergoing first screening *** characteristics including diet,exercise and medications were *** logistic regression was used to elucidate risk factors for AN(adenoma≥1 cm,villous histology,high-grade dysplasia or carcinoma).The model was validated through bootstrapping,and discrimination and calibration of the model were *** 980 consecutive individuals(51%F;49%M)were *** and AN detection rates were 36.6%(F 29%:M 45%;Psis,predictors of AN[OR(95%CI)]were age[1.036(1.00-1.07);P=0.048],BMI[overweight 2.21(0.98-5.00);obese 3.54(1.48-8.50);P=0.018],smoking[s 2.01(1.01-4.01);≥40 pack-years 3.96(1.86-8.42);P=0.002],and daily red meat consumption[2.02(0.92-4.42)P=0.079].Nomograms of AN risk were developed in terms of risk factors and age separately for normal,overweight and obese *** model had good discrimination and *** The prevalence of adenoma and AN in average-risk Lebanese individuals is similar to the ***,smoking,and BMI are important predictors of AN,with obesity being particularly *** external validation is needed,this model provides an important platform for improved risk-stratification for screening programs in regions where universal screening is not currently employed.

关键词： Colon Adenoma Cancer Risk factors

Polyelectrolyte Complexes between Hyperbranched and Linear Polysaccharides: Fucoidan/Chitosan

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2024年第4期42卷 468-479页

作者： Ekaterina R.Gasilova Daria N.Poshina Aleksandra O.sitnikova natalia N.saprykina Yury A.skorik Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of sciences Bolshoi VO 31St.Petersburg199004Russian Federation

Polyelectrolyte complexes(PECs)of hyperbranched(HB)and linear polysaccharides are promising as more effective encapsulation agents compared to PECs formed by linear *** investigated the PECs between the HB anionic polysaccharide fucoidan(FUC)and the cationic linear polysaccharide chitosan(Cs).The FUC had a molecular weight(MW)of 30×*** PECs were prepared in three solvents(water,0.01 and 0.1 mol/L acetic acid)with Cs of MW of 15,110 and 170 kDa,and deacetylation degrees(DDA)of 70%and 97%.The structures of the PECs and the initial FUC were investigated by multi-angle static and dynamic light *** the FUC contained 18 wt%of—OsO3 groups and 5 wt%of uronic acid units,it was a“strong-weak”copolyanion,so the HB macromolecules of the FUC formed nanogel particles in 0.1 mol/L AcOH and open branched structures in water,as confirmed by the Kratky *** mixing the solutions of original components,the PEC structures underwent an equilibration period,the duration of which increased with the MW of *** the charge stoichiometry was approached,the PECs shrank;the fractal dimension approached unity,indicating the side-by-side packing of adjacent FUC branches with the help of *** aggregation in the vicinity of the charge compensation was hardly observed,as it occurred in a very narrow *** PEC content at theζ-potential inversion depended on solvents’pH and the DDA of *** the extreme case of core-shell PECs in 0.1 mol/L AcOH,obtained by mixing FUC nanogels with the solutions of high MW Cs of 97%DDA,the protruding tails of Cs formed a positively charged shell in the whole range of FUC content(10 wt%scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images of dried samples were discussed in relation to the light scattering results.

关键词： Polyelectrolyte complexes Chitosan Hyperbranched fucoidan Light scattering

OPTICAL COHER ENCE TOMOGRAPHY OF ADIPOsE TIssUE AT PHOTODYNAMIC/PHOTOTHERMAL TRE ATMENT IN VITRO

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health sciences 2013年第2期6卷 22-28页

作者： IRINA YU.YANINA natalia A.TRUNINA VALERY V.TUCHIN Physics Department Saratov State UniversitySaratov 83 Astrakhanskay str.410012Russian FederationRussia Physics Department Saratov State UniversitySaratov83 Astrakhanskay str.410012Russian FederationRussia Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Living systems of Precise Mechanics and Control Institute of the Russian Academy of sciences 24 Rabochaya str. Saratov410028Russian FederationRussia Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory University of Oulu P.O.Box 4500 FIN-90014 OuluFinland

Temporal changes in structure and refractive index distribution of adipose tissue at photo-dynamic/photothermal treatment were studied with OCT in ***-water solutions of indocyanine green(ICG)and brilliant green(BG)were used for fat tissue *** laser diode(808 nm)and LED light source(442 and 597 nm)were used for ir adiation of stained tissue *** data received supporting the hypothesis that photodynamic/photothermal treatment,induces fat cell lipolysis during a certain period of time after light exposure.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography adipose tissue effective refractive index photodynamic/photothermal treatment

Enhanced CH4 yield by photocatalytic CO2 reduction using TiO2 nanotube arrays grafted with Au, Ru, and ZnPd nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2016年第11期9卷 3478-3493页

作者： Piyush Kar samira Farsinezhad Najia Mahdi Yun Zhang Uchenna Obuekwe Himani sharma Jing shen natalia semagina Karthik shankar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta 9107-116 Street Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering University of Alberta 9107-116 Street Edmonton Alberta T66 2V4 Canada NRC National Institute for Nanotechnology 11421 Saskatchewan Dr. NW Edmonton Alberta T6G 2M9 Canada

Metal nanoparticle （NP） co-catalysts on metal oxide semiconductor supports are attracting attention as photocatalysts for a variety of chemical reactions. Related efforts seek to make and use Pt-free catalysts. In this regard, we report here enhanced CH4 formation rates of 25 and 60 μmol·g^-1·h^-1 by photocatalytic CO2 reduction using hitherto unused ZnPd NPs as well as Au and Ru NPs. The NPs are formed by colloidal synthesis and grafted onto short n-type anatase TiO2 nanotube arrays （TNAs）, grown anodically on transparent glass substrates. The interfacial electric fields in the NP-grafted TiO2 nanotubes were probed by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy （UPs）. Au NP-grafted TiO2 nanotubes （Au-TNAs） showed no band bending, but a depletion region was detected in Ru NP-grafted TNAs （Ru-TNAs） and an accumulation layer was observed in ZnPd NP-grafted TNAs （ZnPd-TNAs）. Temperature programmed desorption （TPD） experiments showed significantly greater CO2 adsorption on NP-grafted TNAs. TNAs with grafted NPs exhibit broader and more intense UV-visible absorption bands than bare TNAs. We found that CO2 photoreduction by nanoparticle-grafted TNAs was driven not only by ultraviolet photons with energies greater than the TiO2 band gap, but also by blue photons close to and below the anatase band edge. The enhanced rate of CO2 reduction is attributed to superior use of blue photons in the solar spectrum, excellent reactant adsorption, efficient charge transfer to adsorbates, and low recombination losses.

关键词： metal nanoparticles (NPs) TiO2 nanotube arrays(TNAs) colloidal synthesis band bending built-in potential photocatalytic CO2reduction semiconductorheterojunctions

Identification of tree groups used by secondary cavity-nesting birds to simplify forest management in subtropical forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第4期31卷 1417-1424页

作者： Alejandro A.schaaf Román A.Ruggera Ever Tallei Constanza G.Vivanco Luis Rivera natalia Politi Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas(INECOA) Universidad Nacional de Jujuy–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Av.Bolivia 12394600 San Salvador de JujuyJujuyArgentina Fundación CEBio Roca 444600 San Salvador de JujuyJujuyArgentina

In tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems,cavities formed by decay processes are a key but scarce resource for birds that nest and roost in them,which makes them a highly sensitive group to *** piedmont forest of northwestern Argentina is a complex ecosystem with 113 tree and 120 bird *** has high logging pressure on the few,well-conserved forest remnants,complicating the delineation of sustainable management guidelines for each tree or bird species in a short *** objective was to reduce the complexity of subtropical forests by grouping tree species according to the characteristics used by secondary cavity-nesting birds(*** excavators).In the piedmont forest,50 plots of 0.25 ha were sampled to record cavity trees and cavity *** were then used in a cluster analysis to form tree ***,cavities were searched to identify the bird species using the decay-formed cavities.A total of 187 cavity trees,comprising 23 tree species,were recorded,and these formed four tree groups or *** recorded 86 cavities that were used by secondary cavitynesting bird *** four tree groups were unequally used by secondary cavity *** tree group that included valuable timber species(Myroxylon peruiferum,Anadenanthera colubrina and Calycophyllum multiflorum)and had the greatest cavity availability represented 71%of total cavity *** tree group with valuable timber species(Cedrela balansae and Amburana cearensis),measured>73 cm DBH and>21 m tall,had cavity entrances>0.10 cm2,and contributed 14%of all cavity use by birds.A third group had no highly economically valuable tree species,and included the snag category(*** dead trees)as well as a 15%of cavity *** fourth tree group had a DBHspecies(Cordia trichotoma),and supported no cavity *** clustering of subtropical trees can reduce the complexity of these forests,hence easing their management by

关键词： Biodiversity Cavity-nesting birds Conservation Logging

Discriminatory capacity of serum interleukin-6 between complicated and uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children:a prospective validation study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第12期18卷 810-817页

作者： Javier Arredondo Montero Giuseppa Antona Adriana Rivero Marcotegui Carlos BardajíPascual Mónica Bronte Anaut Raquel Ros Briones Amaya Fernández-Celis natalia López-Andrés Nerea Martín-Calvo Pediatric surgery Department Hospital Universitario de NavarraIrunlarrea 331008PamplonaSpain Clinical Analysis Department Hospital Universitario de NavarraPamplonaSpain Pathology Department Hospital Universitario de NavarraPamplonaSpain Cardiovascular Translational Research NavarraBiomed(Miguel Servet Foundation)Hospital Universitario de NavarraUniversidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)IdiSNAPamplonaSpain school of Medicine Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición(CIBERobn) Health Institute Carlos IIIMadridSpain Instituto de Investigación sanitaria de Navarra IdiSNAPamplonaNavarraSpain

Background serum interleukin-6(IL-6)has a moderate diagnostic performance in pediatric acute appendicitis(PAA).The evidence regarding its capacity to discern between complicated and uncomplicated PAA is *** We designed a prospective observational study to validate serum IL-6 as a marker for diagnostic classification between complicated and uncomplicated *** study included 205 patients divided into three groups:(1)patients who underwent major outpatient surgery(n=57);(2)patients with non-surgical abdominal pain(NsAP)in whom the diagnosis of PAA was excluded(n=53),and(3)patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAA(n=95).The PAA patients were further classified as uncomplicated or complicated ***-6 concentration was determined in all patients at *** statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test,the Fisher exact test and the Kruskall Wallis *** area under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUC)were *** Median(interquartile range,IQR)serum IL-6 values were 2 pg/mL(2.0–3.4)in group 1,3.9 pg/mL(2.4–11.9)in group 2,and 23.9 pg/mL(11.1–61.0)in group 3(Ps in group 3,those with uncomplicated PAA had median(IQR)serum IL-6 values of 17.2 pg/mL(8.5–36.8),and those with complicated PAA had 60.25 pg/mL(27.1–169)serum IL-6(Pscrimination between patients in group 2 vs.3 was 0.83[95%confidence interval(CI)0.76–0.90],with a sensitivity of 61.3%and a specificity of *** AUC for the discrimination between patients with uncomplicated and complicated PAA was 0.77(95%CI 0.68–0.86)and the cut-off point was 25.90 pg/mL,with a sensitivity and specificity of 84.6%and 65.6%,*** serum IL-6 has a good performance in discerning between complicated and uncomplicated PAA.A score including clinical and radiological variables may increase the diagnostic performance of this molecule.

关键词： Acute Appendicitis Complicated Diagnostic Interleukin-6 Pediatric Uncomplicated