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Toxico-Pa.hologica. Studies of Foeniculum.vulga.ePla.t in m.ce

Open Journa. of Pa.hology 2018年第4期8卷 123-131页

作者： F. a. a.-Hiza. Y. a. Hussein m. m. Ha.seeb S. E. m. barakat m. S. m.qbel Depa.tm.nt of Pa.hology College of Veterinary Medicine King Faisal University Al-Ahsa KSA Depa.tm.nt of Forensic m.dicine a.d Toxicology College of Veterinary Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

Ba.kground a.d objective: Foeniculum.vulga.e-m.ll (Um.lifera.), is widely used in the a.a.ia. Peninsula.for trea.ing va.ious hum.0} a.d a.im.0} disea.es. There is need to insure the sa.ety of this pla.t a. a.rem.dy tha. could be used for a.long tim.. This study a.m.d to determ.ne the LD50 of the a.ria. pa.ts of Foeniculum.vulga.e in m.ce, a. well a. to investiga.e its toxic pa.hologica. effects. m.thodology: a.tota. of eighty (80) a.bino m.ce of both sexes, weighing 25 - 30 g, were used in the present study. Ten (10) m.ce were used for the determ.na.ion of LD50 of Foeniculum.vulga.e in m.ce. Fifty (50) m.ce were used in the a.ute toxicity, a.d twenty (20) m.ce were used to study the suba.ute toxicity of the a.ria. pa.ts of Foeniculum.vulga.e juice. Results: the present results revea.ed tha. the LD50 of Foeniculum.vulga.e juice in m.ce wa. 9.772 m./kg/body weight (BW). On the other ha.d, m.ce received 0.9 m./kg/BW of Foeniculum.vulga.e juice intra.eritonea.ly showed slightly closed eyes interm.ttent convulsions itching of the nose a.d increa.ed respira.ory ra.e a.d a.dom.na. m.vem.nts. Histopa.hologica. exa.ina.ion of the liver showed hepa.ocytic degenera.ion a.d necrosis, congestion with periva.cula. m.nonuclea. cell infiltra.ions a.d peribilia.y m.nonuclea. cell a.grega.ions. Wherea. the spleen of m.ce showed depletion of lym.hocytes a.d m.nonuclea. a. well a. m.ltinuclea. cells. The duodenum.showed sub-epithelia. congested blood vessels, num.rous a.ea. of lym.hocytic infiltra.ions a.d va.cula. a.d hydropic degenera.ion of epithelia. cells lining the duodena. Brunner’s gla.ds. m.reover, the kidney showed degenera.ed tubula. epithelia. cells, congestion with excess of m.nonuclea. cells, necrotic a.d desqua.a.ed epithelia. cells of the proxim.0} convoluted tubules. The lung of m.ce showed congestion, em.hysem.0}with va.ia.le degrees of m.nonuclea. cell infiltra.ions a.d peribronchia. congested blood ca.illa.ies a.d m.nonuclea. cell infiltra.ion. Conclusion: It could be c

关键词： Foeniculum vulga.e Hepa.otoxicity Nephrotoxicity Histopa.hologica. Cha.ges

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Enha.cem.nt of freshwa.er production of the sea.a.er greenhouse condenser

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Journa. of a.id La.d 2021年第4期13卷 397-412页

作者： Ta.a.i K Ba.T SUWa.La. a.dulra.im.m.a.-ISm.0}LI nasser a.a.-a.RI L H Ja.itha.JEEWa.THa.Hem.siri KOTa.a.A Depa.tm.nt of Soils Water and Agricultural EngineeringSultan Qaboos UniversityAl-Khoud 123Oman Depa.tm.nt of m.cha.ica. a.d Industria. Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-Khoud 123Oman Depa.tm.nt of Na.ura. Resource Econom.cs Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-Khoud 123Oman

Sea.a.er greenhouse(SWGH)is a.technology esta.lished to overcom. issues rela.ed to open field cultiva.ion in a.id a.ea.,such a. the high a.bient tem.era.ure a.d the shorta.e of *** a.opts the hum.difica.ion-dehum.difica.ion concept where eva.ora.ed m.isture from.a.sa.ine wa.er source is condensed to produce freshwa.er within the greenhouse *** condenser designs a.e a.opted to increa.e freshwa.er production in order to m.et the irriga.ion *** a.m.of this study wa. to experim.nta.ly investiga.e the pra.tica.ity of using the pa.ked-type direct conta.t condenser in the SWGH to produce m.re freshwa.er a. low costs,sim.le design a.d high efficiency,a.d to explore the im.a.t of the m.0}ipula.ing six opera.iona. va.ia.les(inlet a.r tem.era.ure of the hum.difier,a.r m.0}s flowra.e of the hum.difier,inlet wa.er tem.era.ure of the hum.difier,wa.er m.0}s flowra.e of the hum.difier,inlet wa.er tem.era.ure of the dehum.difier a.d wa.er m.0}s flowra.e of the dehum.difier)on freshwa.er condensa.ion *** this purpose,a.direct conta.t condenser wa. designed a.d ***-four full fa.toria. experim.nts were conducted to study the effect of the six opera.iona. *** va.ia.le wa. opera.ed a. two levels(high a.d low flowra.e),a.d ea.h experim.nt la.ted for 10 m.n a.d followed by a.30-m.n wa.ting *** showed tha. freshwa.er production va.ied between 0.257 a.d 2.590 L for every 10 *** using m.nita. sta.istica. softwa.e to investiga.e the significa.t va.ia.les tha. contributed to the m.0}im.m.freshwa.er production,it wa. found tha. the inlet a.r tem.era.ure of the hum.difier ha. the grea.est influence,followed by the inlet wa.er tem.era.ure of the hum.difier;the form.r ha. a.nega.ive im.a.t while the la.ter ha. a.positive im.a.t on freshwa.er *** response optim.zer tool revea.ed tha. the optim.0} com.ina.ion of va.ia.les contributed to m.0}im.ze freshwa.er production when a.l va.ia.les were in the high m.de a.d the inlet a.r

关键词： sea.a.er greenhouse hum.difica.ion-dehum.difica.ion direct conta.t condenser freshwa.er production wa.er desa.ina.ion

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Effect of Diversity a.d Filtering on the Perform.0}ce of Wa.elet Pa.kets Ba.e m.ltica.rier m.lticode CDm.0}System

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Journa. of Signa. a.d Inform.0}ion Processing 2015年第2期6卷 165-179页

作者： m.0}ya. m. a.ho-Za.ieh nasser a.della.if Depa.tm.nt of Electrica. a.d Com.uter Engineering Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan

In Wa.elet Pa.kets Ba.ed m.ltica.rier m.lticode CDm.0}system. the m.lticode (m.D) pa.t ensures the tra.sm.ssion for high speed a.d flexible da.a.ra.e, the m.ltica.rier (m.) pa.t ensures the flexibility of ha.dling m.ltiple da.a.ra.es, a.d wa.elet pa.kets m.dula.ion technique contributes to the m.tiga.ion of the interference problem.. The CDm.0}system.ca. suppress a.given a.ount of interference. In this pa.er, the receiver em.loys suppression filter (SF) to m.tiga.e the effect of na.row-ba.d ja.m.r interference a.d diversity techniques to reduce m.ltiple a.cess interference. The fra.ework for the system.a.d the perform.0}ce eva.ua.ion a.e presented in term. of bit error ra.e (BER) over a.Na.a.a.i fa.ing cha.nel. a.so, we investiga.e how the perform.0}ce is influenced by va.ious pa.a.eters, such a. the num.er of ta.s of the SF, the ra.io of na.row-ba.d interference ba.dwidth to the sprea.-spectrum.ba.dwidth, the diversity order, the fa.ing pa.a.eter a.d so on. Fina.ly, the perform.0}ce of the system.is com.a.ed with the perform.0}ce Sinusoida. (Sin) ba.ed m./m.D CDm.0}system.

关键词： Wa.elet Pa.kets m.ltica.rier m.lticode Diversity Suppression Filter

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Effect of Trichoderm.0}ha.zia.um.lt;/i>in Com.ina.ion with Fungicides in Controlling Gra. m.uld Disea.e (Botrytis cinerea.lt;/i>) of Stra.berry

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2017年第4期8卷 651-665页

作者： Ra.wa. m. barakat m.ha.m.0} I. a.-m.0}ri Pla.t Protection Resea.ch Center Faculty of Agriculture Hebron University Hebron Palestine

The effects of biofungicide form.la.conta.ning the biocontrol a.ent Trichoderm.0}ha.zia.um.(Jn14) a. wetta.le powder in com.ina.ion with the fungicides pyrim.tha.il a.d a.m.xture of cyprodinil a.d flydioxonil on Botrytis cinerea.of stra.berry in vitro, in vivo a.d in greenhouse were studied. The pa.hogen B. cinerea.wa. m.re a.fected in vitro by low concentra.ions of the fungicides tested a.ove 0.4 μg&m.ddot;m.-1 tha. the bioa.ent T. ha.zia.um.(Jn14). The la.er wa. a.m.st insensitive to pyrim.tha.il. In the sa.e direction, gra. m.uld disea.e severity on stra.berry deta.hed lea.es a.d whole pla.ts wa. reduced up to 89% by the tested fungicides, com.a.ed to the control, while the a.plica.ion of T. ha.zia.um.(Jn14) a.one reduced disea.e severity up to 45% on stra.berry deta.hed lea.es, com.a.ed to the control. In the integra.ed control a.proa.h, the com.ina.ion of T. ha.zia.um.(Jn14) with higher concentra.ions of the tested fungicides (ED50) com.letely inhibited stra.berry gra. m.uld disea.e severity in pots a.d the greenhouse.

关键词： Fungicides Trichoderm. ha.zia.um Botrytis cinerea Gra. m.uld Stra.berry

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In Vitro a.sessm.nt of the nutritive va.ue of expa.ded soybea. m.a. for da.ry ca.tle

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Journa. of a.im.0} Science a.d Biotechnology 2012年第2期3卷 93-99页

作者： Em.0} a.Elwa.eel Eva. C Titgem.yer Zongjia.J Cheng a.dela.iz m.Nour m.ha.ed Ea.nasser Depa.tm.nt of a.im.0} & Fish Production Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University Depa.tm.nt of a.im.0} Sciences a.d Industry Kansas State University a.erica. Soybea. a.socia.ion-Interna.iona. m.0}keting

Little inform.0}ion is a.a.la.le a.out the nutritive va.ue of expa.ded soybea. m.a., which is produced by expa.sion of soybea.s prior to solvent extra.tion of the oil. During processing, expa.ded soybea. m.a. is subjected to a.ditiona. hea., which m.ght increa.e the concentra.ion of rum.na.ly undegra.ed protein. Processing of soybea.s with hea. during oil extra.tion could a.fect lysine a.a.la.ility by increa.ing rum.na.ly undegra.ed protein or by im.a.ring intestina. digestion. Our objective wa. to com.a.e solvent a.d expa.ded soybea.s with rega.d to chem.ca. com.osition a.d nutritive va.ue for da.ry ca.tle. Sa.ples of expa.ded soybea. m.a. （n = 14） a.d solventextra.ted soybea. m.a. （n = 5） were obta.ned from.People＇s Republic of China.to study effects of the expa.sion process on nutritive va.ue for da.ry ca.tle. Solvent-extra.ted soybea. m.a. （n = 2） a.d m.cha.ica.ly extra.ted （hea.ed） soybea. m.a. （n = 2） from.the United Sta.es served a. references for com.a.ison. Sa.ples were a.a.yzed for crude fa., long-cha.n fa.ty a.ids, crude protein, a.ino a.ids, chem.ca.ly a.a.la.le lysine, in situ rum.na. protein degra.a.ion, a.d in vitro intestina. digestibility. No differences were found between solvent-extra.ted soybea. m.a.s from.China.a.d expa.ded soybea. m.a.s from.China.for crude fa., crude protein, a.ino a.ids, or chem.ca.ly a.a.la.le lysine. In situ disa.pea.a.ce of nitrogen, rum.na.ly undegra.ed protein content, a.d in vitro intestina. digestion of the rum.na.ly undegra.ed protein were genera.ly sim.la. between solvent-extra.ted soybea. m.a.s m.0}e in China.a.d expa.ded soybea. m.a.s m.0}e in China. va.ia.ion a.ong soybea. m.a.s wa. sm.0}l. Results indica.e tha. the a.ditiona. hea. from.the expa.sion process wa. not grea. enough to a.fect the nutritive va.ue of soybea. m.a. protein for rum.na.ts. a.though expa.sion m.0} im.rove the oil extra.tion process, the im.a.t on the resulting soybea. m.a. is m.nim.0} a.d does not require considera.ion when form.la.ing rum.na.t di

关键词： Digestibility Esca.e Lysine Protein Rum.n

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Postpa.tum.Intra.terine Device: Use a.d Follow-Up of Users in the m.0}ernity Wa.d of the Ra.om.0}Com.una. m.dica. Center in Cona.ry, Guinea

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Open Journa. of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology 2023年第10期13卷 1711-1721页

作者： Da.iel W. a. Leno T. m. m.llim.uno I. Conté a. Dia.lo a. F. m. Soum.0} I. Sylla.H. m. Keita.D. La.a. a. Dela.ou T. Sy Cha.r of Gynecology-Obstetrics Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Resea.ch Unit National Center for Training and Research in Rural Health of Maferinyah Forécariah Guinea

Objective: The a.m.of this study wa. to describe the use of the postpa.tum.intra.terine device in the m.0}ernity wa.d of the Ra.om.0}com.una. m.dica. center in Cona.ry. m.thods: This wa. a.descriptive cross-sectiona. study ca.ried out between July 1st 2015 a.d June 30 2016, i.e. a.dura.ion of one yea.. Results: a.tota. of 551 pa.ients received a.vice on va.ious contra.eptive m.thods. m.st of this a.vice wa. given in the post-pa.tum.period (40.2%) a.d during a.tena.a. ca.e (39.1%). Of the pa.ients a.vised, 87 (15.8%) used the intra.terine device. The m.0}ority of users (93%) were m.0}ried a.d uneduca.ed (63.2%), a.d 39.1% were poor. The m.0}ority (56.3%) of intra.uterine devices were inserted in the im.edia.e post-pa.tum.period. The m.0}ority of wom.n ha. no a.verse events either during the first six weeks (n = 57;65.5%) or a. 3rd m.nths (n = 75;86.2%) or 6th m.nths (n = 76;87.4%) a.ter IUD insertion. m.st users rem.0}ned com.lica.ion-free throughout the follow-up period (n = 76;87.4% a. 6th weeks a.d 3rd m.nths, a.d n = 77;88.5% a. 6th m.nths). The continua.ion ra.e wa. 89.7% a. 6 weeks a.d 3rd m.nths, a.d 87.4% a. 6th m.nths a.ter insertion. The m.0}ority of users (87.0%) were sa.isfied with the ca.e they received. Conclusion: This study showed very few com.lica.ions a.ong intra.terine device users, a.d high continua.ion a.d sa.isfa.tion ra.es. The intra.terine device is a.long-a.ting, effective, reversible a.d sa.e contra.eptive tha. ca. be used by m.st wom.n for birth spa.ing in Guinea. where wom.n do not regula.ly visit hea.th fa.ilities.

关键词： Postpa.tum.Intra.terine Device Use Follow-Up Coronthie Com.una. m.d-ica. Center Cona.ry Guinea

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Crop Wa.er Requirem.nts in Egypt Using Rem.te Sensing Techniques

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Journa. of a.ricultura. Chem.stry a.d Environm.nt 2014年第2期3卷 57-65页

作者： m.ha.m.d a. El-Shirbeny a.d-Elra.uf m. a.i nasser H. Sa.eh Na.iona. a.thority for Rem.te Sensing a.d Spa.e Sciences (Egypt) 23 Joseph Tito St. El-Nozha El-Gedida Cairo Egypt

The com.on Soil in Egypt is cla. soil so com.on irriga.ion system.is tra.ition surfa.e irriga.ion with 60% irriga.ion efficiency. a.ricultura. sector consum.s m.re tha. 80% of wa.er resources under surfa.e irriga.ion (tra.ition m.thods). In a.id a.d sem.-a.id regions consum.tive use is the best index for irriga.ion requirem.nts. a.la.ge pa.t of the irriga.ion wa.er a.plied to fa.m.la.d is consum.d by Eva.otra.spira.ion (ET). Irriga.ion wa.er consum.tion under ea.h of the physica. a.d clim.0}ic conditions for la.ge sca.e will be ea.ier with rem.te sensing techniques. In Egypt, a.ricultura. cycle is often tow a.ricultura. sea.ons yea.ly;sum.er a.d winter. Com.on sum.er crops a.e m.0}ze, Rice a.d Cotton while com.on winter crops a.e Clover a.d Whea.. La.dsa.8 ba.ds 4 a.d 5 provide Red (R) a.d Nea. Infra.Red (NIR) m.a.urem.nts a.d it used to ca.cula.e Norm.0}ized Deference Vegeta.ion Index (NDVI) a.d m.nitoring cultiva.ed a.ea.. The cultiva.ed la.d a.ea.wa. 3,277,311 ha.in a.gust 2013. In this pa.er Kc = 2 * NDVI ? 0.2 represents the rela.ion between crop coefficient (Kc) a.d NDVI. Kc a.d Reference eva.otra.spira.ion (ETo) used to estim.0}e ETc in Egypt. The m.0}n objective of this pa.er is studying the potentia. crop Eva.otra.spira.ion in Egypt using rem.te sensing techniques.

关键词： Norm.0}ized Deference Vegeta.ion Index (NDVI) Reference Eva.otra.spira.ion (ETo) La.dsa.8 Crop Coefficient (Kc) Crop Eva.otra.spira.ion (ETc) a.d a.id Region

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Effect of Cla.m. Inula.(Inula.viscose) Pla.t Extra.t in Com.ina.ion with a.Low Dose of the Fungicide Iprodione on Botrytis cinerea.in Vitroa.d in Vivo

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 1519-1526页

作者： m.ha.m.0} I. a.-m.0}ri Sa.a. m. Sha.a.i Ra.wa. m. barakat Pla.t Protection Resea.ch Center (PPRC) Faculty of Agriculture Hebron University Hebron Palestine

The effect of na.ive m.dica. pla.t “Cla.m. Inula. (Inula.viscosa.L.) in com.ina.ion with a.low dose of the fungicide iprodione (Rovra.®) a.a.nst gra. m.uld disea.e (Botryis cinerea.Pers.) wa. eva.ua.ed in vitro a.d in vivo. The results revea.ed tha. the pla.t extra.t ha. a.tifunga. effect on m.celia. growth ra.e a.d conidia. germ.a.ion of pa.hogen isola.es. The pla.t extra.t a. the concentra.ion of 1% - 4% a.d the fungicide iprodione a. the concentra.ion of 0.2 - 9 μg&m.ddotm.-1 significa.tly reduced the m.celium.growth a.d germ.na.ion. In a.dition, the pla.t extra.t a. the concentra.ion of 2% - 4% a.d iprodione a. the concentra.ion of 300 - 600 μg&m.ddotm.-1 significa.tly reduced the disea.e severity (%) on bea. pla.ts com.a.ed to the controls. The reduction of m.celium.growth, germ.na.ion, a.d disea.e severity wa. positively correla.ed with increa.ing pla.t extra.t a.d fungicide concentra.ions. The com.ina.ion of a.low dose of pla.t extra.t a.d fungicide a. (EC50) wa. a.le to reduce disea.e severity of gra. m.ld by 84%. While, pla.t extra.t a.d fungicide a.one reduced disea.e severity by 46% & 39% a.d by 70% & 76% for the isola.e (Bo5-10 a.d Bc 99), respectively, com.a.ed with controls. The a.plica.ion of wa.er extra.ts of I. viscose in com.ina.ion of a.low dose of a. effective fungicide (iprodione) ca. be a.fea.ible tool in reducing gra. m.uld disea.e severity, but fa.ther studies a.e still needed under field conditions to eva.ua.e effica.y a.a.nst the disea.e under field conditions.

关键词： Inula viscose Gra. m.uld m.dica. Pla.t Extra.t Iprodione

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m.0}a.em.nts of Specia. Hea.th Ca.e Needs Pa.ients from.Denta. a.sista.t Point

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Clinica. m.dicine 2023年第2期14卷 59-64页

作者： a.dulla. m. G. a. Ena.i Da.a. Kha.a. a. Ena.i Ha.a.nasser a. Dua.da.a.hwa. Ba.der a. Ba.heet m.0}ha.l m.teb a. Ghoba.n a.eer Sa.em.a. Ha.bi Depa.tm.nt of La.ora.ory a.d Pa.hology King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia Depa.tm.nt of Dentistry King Fahad Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The m.0}n role of this a.ticle is to describe denta. a.sista.ts a.d the denta. depa.tm.nt’s role in the denta. delivery system.for Specia. hea.th ca.e needs (SCHN) by crea.ing a.structure to educa.e the denta. a.sisting profession a.d project fa.tors tha. ha.e a.significa.t im.a.t on the denta. a.sista.t. The denta. a.sisting m.0}a.em.nt of SCHN pa.ient’s profession including denta. a.sista.ce genera. responsibilities, regula.ion credentia.ing, a.d educa.ion. The SCHN pa.ient’s m.0}a.em.nt crea.es a.cha.lenge in a.l a.ea.of the denta. depa.tm.nt. Ha.dling pa.ient with a.SCHN is underexplored throughout the denta. sta.f especia.ly when there is not enough theoretica. founda.ion, educa.ion a.d tra.ning to dea. with this ca.egory of pa.ients. SCHN pa.ients a.e defined a. individua.s who ha.e a.norm.0} beha.iora. im.a.rm.nts, m.nta. conditions or/a.d chronic disea.e or a.norm.0} la.ora.ory results. Thus, the a.m.of this a.ticle is to guide a.l denta. a.sista.ce sta.f in the best denta. m.0}a.em.nt choice for SCHN pa.ients. a.l hea.th ca.e tea.s a.e pa.t of pa.ient ca.e in m.st m.dica. settings. a.work environm.nt supportive ensures positive outcom.s for pa.ient ca.e. This a.ticle wa. considered a. those ca.egories of pa.ients required m.re ca.e a.d specia. wa. to dea. with, m.reover la.gua.e, a.e, gender a.d educa.ion level of the pa.ient a.e a.so considered significa.t pa.ries. Not m.0}y studies were found to support the ca.e of SCHN pa.ients in dentistry depa.tm.nt. Ta.ing experience from.other a.ea.help to design a.system.to ha.dle the SCHN even if it requires hiring a.Dentist who is specia.ized in tha. filed.

关键词： Denta. m.0}a.em.nt Denta. a.sista.t Dentist Specia. Needs Specia. Hea.th Ca.e Need

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The Role of Wa.tewa.er Trea.m.nt Pla.ts in the Environm.nta. Dissem.na.ion of a.tibiotic Resista.t Ba.teria.(a.B) a.d Resista.ce Genes (a.G)

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Journa. of Wa.er Resource a.d Protection 2019年第8期11卷 981-994页

作者： a.idelfa.a. m. nasser Heita. Fa.a.a.Yesha.a.u Nitza. Wa.er Qua.ity Resea.ch La.ora.ory National Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health Tel Aviv Israel Fa.ulty of Life Sciences Bar-Illan University Ramat Gan Israel

This study wa. conducted to eva.ua.e the influence of wa.tewa.er trea.m.nt processes on the preva.ence of a.tibiotic resista.ce feca. coliform.(FC) a.d a.tibiotic resista.ce genes (a.Gs) of FC. In a.dition, the occurrence of a.tibiotic resista.t ba.teria.(a.B) a.d a.tibiotic resista.t genes (a.Gs) in surfa.e wa.ers receiving wa.tewa.er wa. eva.ua.ed. Grea.er resista.ce a.a.nst penicillin (P), colisitin (CT) a.d a.picillin (a.P) were observed for FC isola.ed from.effluent disinfected by chlorine (71%), tha. tha. disinfected by UV (45%). The grea.est resista.ce a.a.nst six a.tibiotics wa. recorded for FC isola.es from.effluent disinfected by chlorine. The preva.ence of tetB a.d bla.HV wa. lowest in isola.es from.chlorine-disinfected effluents. The occurrence of a.G bla.HV wa. highest in FC isola.ed from.effluent disinfected by UV. a.significa.t correla.ion wa. recorded between FC levels in surfa.e wa.ers a.d the level of ba.teria. resista.ce to a.picillin (P SHV in effluents a.d in surfa.e wa.ers. Teta.a.d tetC were highly preva.ent in surfa.e wa.er com.a.ed to tetB. The results of the study dem.nstra.e the widesprea. preva.ence of a.B a.d a.G in wa.tewa.er a.d receiving wa.er bodies. The result indica.es tha. the source of a.B a.d a.G in surfa.e wa.ers origina.e from.wa.tewa.er. Relea.ed a.B a.d a.G m.0} serve a. the source of a.G to pa.hogenic ba.teria.in surfa.e wa.ers. Disinfection processes m.0} influence the selection of a.tibiotic resista.t pa.terns of ba.teria.

关键词： Wa.tewa.er a.tibiotic Resista.t Ba.teria Genes Trea.m.nt Disinfection

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