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Mixed Expectations in the Recruitment Settlement during COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of Newly Employed Nurses in Oman

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Open Journal of Nursing 2021年第6期11卷 542-556页

作者： Mudhar al-Adawi Samiha al-Habsi nasra al-hashmi Salma al-Bulushi Kamila al-alawi Royal Hospital Ministry of Health (MOH) Muscat Oman WHO-Country Office Oman Muscat Oman

Introduction: Hospital nurses’ recruitment during the COVID-19 pandemic is a major challenge for the hospital, the staff themselves and for their families & relatives. although the world has undergone different pandemics and disasters, the literature has shown that the new nurses still face uncertainty in dealing with health emergencies and disasters that impose significant stress on their performance at work. The situation in Oman is not different and little is known about the newly employed nurses’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The qualitative study was designed to include face to face interviews of the newly employed nurses between May and December 2020 at the biggest tertiary hospital in Muscat, the capital of Oman to explore their experiences and how they confronted the COVID-19 pandemic challenges during their internship period. Result: The data was analyzed through qualitative manifest content analysis and disclosed different experiences which were framed into four contexts: Introductory Nurses Plan, Hospital Environment, Nurses Characters and Nurses Families & Relatives. The negative experiences were mainly related to the intense internship requirements, non-availability of the preceptors, hospital environment and COVID-19 circumstances. On the other hand, the positive experiences were mainly related to their self-motivation, recruitment satisfaction, and family encouragement and support. Conclusion: Clear nurses’ lack of knowledge towards COVID-19 pandemic was disclosed and associated with mixed emotional insights towards themselves, their families and relatives, their preceptors and towards the hospital environment including their preparatory plan. The study identified the nurses’ stressors and motivators that could be addressed with a clear need for preparatory adjustments to support newly employed nurses in future appointments with a lot of involvements shared respons

关键词： COVID-19 Pandemic Experiences Newly Employed Nurses Oman

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Reasons of Discharge Against Medical Advice Among Children in Oman： A Teaching Hospital Experience

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Sociology Study 2015年第11期5卷 854-864页

作者： Muna al Saadoon Hanan AI Mahrouqi nasra AI Jaafari Hooriya AI Maawali Sultan Qaboos University CSQU) Oman Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB) Oman

Discharge against medical advice （DAMA） is a serious problem in healthcare delivery, as it can lead to further complications of the diseases that patients are suffering from. This study aimed to evaluate the reasons for signing DAMA for children in a tertiary teaching hospital in Oman. A prospective study was performed through telephone interviews with the mothers of children who were DAMA during one year （November 2013-November 2014）. Out of 3,647 discharges in general pediatric wards, there were 38 cases of DAMA, giving a prevalence rate of 1%. The DAMA happened within 24 hours of admission in 63.8%. Around two thirds of the patients were infants （65.96%）. In some cases, the diagnosis at time of discharge was life threatening diseases. The most common reason for the DAMA as stated by the mothers was child improvement, based on clinical and laboratory findings （40.4%o）, while social problems attributed for 29.8% of DAMA. However, the reasons were not documented in the electronic medical files of 57.4% of the patients, 57.4% of the cases reported by the mothers to be better two weeks after DAMA and the remaining either remained the same, readmitted or were following up in the clinic. Despite the low prevalence rate of DAMA found in this study, this is a stressing phenomenon occurring in a tertiary hospital in Oman, thus, further studies should be conducted to establish specific protocols to protect children from such practices.

关键词： Child parents discharge against medical advice (DAMA) Oman

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Postpartum Hemorrhage: Incidence, Causes and Maternal Outcomes at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania—A Retrospective Descriptive Hospital-Based Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第7期13卷 1244-1258页

作者： Rafiki Nickson Mjema Amani Idris Kikula Furaha August Fadhlun alwy al-Beity ali Said Phineas F. Sospeter nasra Batchu Benjamin Shayo Damian Jeremiah Ponsian P. Kunambi John Somi Patricia Swai Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences MUHAS Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Reproductive Maternal and Child Health Ministry of Health Dodoma Tanzania Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Moshi Kilimanjaro Tanzania Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor’s College Lilongwe Malawi Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Kilimanjaro Tanzania

Worldwide obstetric hemorrhage remains the leading cause of maternal mortality, accounting for over one quarter of maternal deaths. Over half of these deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa with mortality rates of 500 - 1000 per 100,000 births, compared to approximately 5 - 10 in developed countries. Over decades in Sub Saharan Africa preventive measures and treatment protocols have been made to reduce maternal mortality caused by PPH. While rates of postpartum hemorrhage have continued to rise, there is a need to evaluate if its etiology and patterns have changed over time. Broad Objective: This study aims at describing trends in incidence, causes and maternal outcomes of Postpartum Hemorrhage at Muhimbili National Hospital for a period of 7 years. Methodology: This is a retrospective descriptive hospital-based study that has included all cases of postpartum hemorrhage at Muhimbili National Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Tanzania from 2014 to 2020. The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 26 and presented using frequency tables, figures and percentages. The trends of postpartum hemorrhage over time were determined using chi-square test and P-value where less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Overall, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage has been fluctuating over the years with minimum of 1.78% and maximum of 2.87% with no statistical significance. Out of 1113 enrolled cases of PPH, 422 (37.9%) were attributed to genital tears followed by uterine atony 285 (25.6%). A statistically significant increase in linear trend was observed in the postpartum hemorrhage cases due to uterine atony, uterine rupture and sub analysis on genital tears (cervical tear). Overall, there was a statistically significant change in trend of maternal outcomes throughout the years, with a P-value < 0.001 and likelihood of complications increasing over time. Conclusion: The trend in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage has been fluctuating over the years during the

关键词： Postpartum Hemorrhage Incidence Causes Maternal Outcomes and Tanzania

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High prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis B and C in Minnesota Somalis contributes to rising hepatocellular carcinoma incidence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第35期28卷 5217-5229页

作者： Essa A Mohamed nasra H Giama Abubaker O Abdalla Hassan M Shaleh Abdul M Oseini Hamdi A ali Fowsiyo Ahmed Wesam Taha Hager Ahmed Mohammed Jessica Cvinar Ibrahim A Waaeys Hawa ali Loretta K allotey Abdiwahab O ali Safra A Mohamed William S Harmsen Eimad M Ahmmad Numra A Bajwa Mohamud D Afgarshe Abdirashid M Shire Joyce E Balls-Berry Lewis R Roberts Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Center for Clinical and Translational Science Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States School of Nursing University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States Division of Digestive Diseases Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30322United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Internal Medicine NewYork-Presbyterian QueensFlushingNY 11355United States Department of Pediatrics University of Nevada Las VegasLas VegasNV 89154United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Medicine Gargar Urgent Care and ClinicMinneapolisMN 55406United States Office of the Director Shire ScientificMinneapolisMN 55405United States Department of Neurology Washington University School of Medicine in St LouisSt LouisMO 63130United States Knight alzheimer Disease Research Center Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO 63130United States

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections are known risk factors for liver disease,cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).There is substantial global variation in HBV and HCV prevalence resulting in variations in cirrhosis and *** previously reported high prevalence of HBV and HCV infections in Somali immigrants seen at an academic medical center in *** To determine the prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis in Somali immigrants in Minnesota through a community-based screening *** We conducted a prospective community-based participatory research study in the Somali community in Minnesota in partnership with community advisory boards,community clinics and local mosques between November 2010 and December 2015(data was analyzed in 2020).Serum was tested for hepatitis B surface antigen,hepatitis B core antibody,hepatitis B surface antibody and anti-HCV *** Of 779 participants,15.4%tested positive for chronic HBV infection,50.2%for prior exposure to HBV and 7.6%for chronic HCV *** age-adjusted frequencies in males and females for chronic HBV were 12.5%and 11.6%;for prior exposure to HBV were 44.8%and 41.3%;and for chronic HCV were 6.7%and 5.7%,*** participants developed incident HCC during follow *** Chronic HBV and HCV are major risk factors for liver disease and HCC among Somali immigrants,with prevalence of both infections substantially higher than in the general United States ***-based screening is essential for identifying and providing health education and linkage to care for diagnosed patients.

关键词： Viral hepatitis Liver disease Community engagement African Immigrant health

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