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j.urnal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2004年第5期16卷 751-754页

作者： m. Radzi Bin Abas nasr yousef m. j. omar m. j.m.l m.ah Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Pm. 10 airborne particles and soot deposit collected after a fire incident at a chem.cal store were analyzed in order to determ.ne the concentrations of polycyclic arom.tic hydrocarbons(PAHs). The sam.les were extracted with 1∶1 hexane-dichlorom.thane by ultrasonic agitation. The extracts were then subj.cted to gas chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.tric(GC-m.) analysis. The total PAHs concentrations in airborne particles and soot deposit were found to be 3.27±1.55 ng/m. 3 and 12.81±24.37 μg/g, respectively. Based on the m.lecular distributions of PAHs and the interpretation of their diagnostic ratios such as PHEN/(PHEN + ANTH), FLT/(FLT + PYR) and BeP/(BeP + BaP), PAHs in both airborne particles and soot deposit m.y be inferred to be from.the sam. source. The difference in the value of IP/(IP + BgP) for these sam.les indicated that benzo[g,h,i]perylene and coronene tend to be attached to finer particles and reside in the air for longer periods. Com.arison between the m.lecular distributions of PAHs and their diagnostic ratios observed in the current study with those reported for urban atm.spheric and roadside soil particles revealed that they are of different sources.

关键词： airborne particles soot deposit PAHs

Engineering nanom.dicines for im.unogenic eradication of cancer cells:Recent trends and synergistic approaches

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Acta Pharm.ceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2475-2504页

作者： Ahm.d O.Elzoghby omar Sam.r Hagar E.Em.m.Ahm.d Solim.n Riham.m.Abdelgalil Yom.a m.Elm.rshedy Kadria A.Elkhodairy m.hm.ud L.nasr Division of Engineering in m.dicine and Division of Renal m.dicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBoston 02115MAUSA Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory(CNRL) Faculty of PharmacyAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21521Egypt

Resistance to cancer im.unotherapy is m.inly attributed to poor tum.r im.unogenicity as well as the im.unosuppressive tum.r m.croenvironm.nt(Tm.)leading to failure of im.une *** therapeutic strategies including chem.therapy,radiotherapy,photodynam.c,phototherm.l,m.gnetic,chem.dynam.c,sonodynam.c and oncolytic therapy,have been developed to induce im.unogenic cell death(ICD)of cancer cells and thereby elicit im.unogenicity and boost the antitum.r im.une ***,m.ny challenges ham.er the clinical application of ICD inducers resulting in m.dest im.unogenic ***,we outline the current state of using nanom.dicines for boosting ICD of cancer ***,synergistic approaches used in com.ination with ICD inducing nanom.dicines for rem.deling the Tm. via targeting im.une checkpoints,phagocytosis,m.crophage polarization,tum.r hypoxia,autophagy and strom.l m.dulation to enhance im.unogenicity of dying cancer cells were *** further highlight the em.rging trends of using nanom.terials for triggering am.lified ICD-m.diated antitum.r im.une *** reticulum.localized ICD,focused ultrasound hypertherm.a,cell m.m.rane cam.uflaged nanom.dicines,am.lified reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,m.tallo-im.unotherapy,ion m.dulators and engineered bacteria are am.ng the m.st innovative *** challenges,m.rits and dem.rits of ICD inducer nanom.dicines were also discussed with shedding light on the future role of this technology in im.roving the outcom.s of cancer im.unotherapy.

关键词： Im.unogenic cell death Im.unogenic eradication Nanom.dicines Drug delivery Cancer im.unotherapy Antitum.r im.unity T cells Tum.r associated antigens Synergistic im.une response

Burden of routine orthopedic im.lant rem.val a single center retrospective study

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World j.urnal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 139-146页

作者： Am.ar K AlOm.an Nader Alosaim. Ahm.d A Alshaikhi omar m.Bakhurj. Khalid j.Alzahrani Basil Ziyad Salloot Tam.m.omar Alabduladhem.Ahm.d I Alm.lhim.Arwa Alum.an Departm.nt of Orthopedic College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia Health Inform.tion m.nagem.nt and Technology Departm.nt Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Open reduction and internal fixation represent prevalent orthopedic procedures,sparking ongoing discourse over whether to retain or rem.ve asym.tom.tic *** consensus on this m.tter is param.unt for orthopedic *** study aim. to quantify the im.act of routine im.lant rem.val on patients and healthcare facilities.A retrospective analysis of im.lant rem.val cases from.2016 to 2022 at King Fahad Hospital of the University(KFHU)was conducted and subj.cted to statistical *** these cases,44%necessitated hospitalization exceeding one day,while 56%required only a single *** exhibited a 55%need for extended hospital stays,contrasting with 22.8%am.ng the pediatric *** com.lication rate was 6%,with all patients experiencing at least one ***,34.1%required sick leave and 4.8%exceeded 14 *** anesthesia was predom.nant(88%).Routine im.lant rem.val introduces unwarranted com.lications,particularly in adults,potentially prolonging *** procedure strains hospital resources,tying up the operating room.that could otherwise accom.odate critical *** defined institutional guidelines are im.erative to regulate this *** To m.asure the burden of routine im.lant rem.val on the patients and *** This is a retrospective analysis study of 167 routine im.lant rem.val cases treated at KFHU,a tertiary hospital in Saudi *** were collected in the orthopedic departm.nt at KFHU from.February 2016 to August 2022,which includes routine asym.tom.tic im.lant rem.val cases across all age *** indications such as infection,pain,im.lant failure,m.lunion,nonunion,restricted range of m.tion,and prom.nent hardware were *** who had external fixators rem.ved or j.ints replaced were also *** Between February 2016 and August 2022,360 im.lants were retrieved;however,only 167 of those who m.t the inclusion criteria were included in this

关键词： Im.lant rem.val Healed fracture Orthopedic im.lant Com.lications Healthcare system

Does the Redshift Distribution of Swift Long GRBs Trace the Star-Form.tion Rate?

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International j.urnal of Astronom. and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 20-44页

作者： Ali m. Hasan Walid j. Azzam Departm.nt of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir Bahrain

Gam.a-ray bursts (GRBs) are extrem.ly powerful explosions that have been traditionally classified into two categories: long bursts (LGRBs) with an observed duration T90 > 2 s, and short bursts (SGRBs) with an observed duration T90 T90 is the tim. interval during which 90% of the fluence is detected. LGRBs are believed to em.nate from.the core-collapse of m.ssive stars, while SGRBs are believed to result from.the m.rging of two com.act obj.cts, like two neutron stars. Because LGRBs are produced by the violent death of m.ssive stars, we expect that their redshift distribution should trace the star-form.tion rate (SFR). The purpose of our study is to investigate the extent to which the redshift distribution of LGRBs follows and reflects the SFR. We use a sam.le of 370 LGRBs taken from.the Swift catalog, and we investigate different m.dels for the LGRB redshift distribution. We also carry out m.nte Carlo sim.lations to check the consistency of our results. Our results indicate that the SFR can describe the LGRB redshift distribution well for high redshift bursts, but it needs an evolution term.to fit the distribution well at low redshift.

关键词： Gam.a-Ray Bursts Redshift Distribution Star-Form.tion Rate

Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： j.Touche C.Calvaruso P.De Donato m.-P.Turpault INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the com.ng decades in Western Europe m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorption,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.are the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the potassium.K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of potassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.rove tree *** calcium.Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation perform.nce of m.lti-layered periodic foundations

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.j.m.Hm.ODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of m.chanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are num.rically exam.ned for their responses to longitudinal and transverse m.des in the tim. and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,com.rising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber m.terials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is m.deled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the com.lex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the sim.lations of wave transm.ssion in the tim. and frequency dom.ins are perform.d using the COm.OL *** param.tric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity m.dels on the dispersion curves and the wave transm.ssion for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-m.de dam.ing is m.re sensitive to the viscoelasticity m.del than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from.4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered m.tam.terial periodic foundation com.lex dispersion curve wave transm.ssion diagram

Concentration of Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadm.um. and Nickel in the Incinerator Bottom.Ash in Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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j.urnal of Geoscience and Environm.nt Protection 2024年第6期12卷 90-114页

作者： m.riithi j. Githinj. Paul m. Nj.gu Zipporah Nganga m.ham.d Karam. Institute of Tropical m.dicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROm.D) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environm.ntal Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Academ.c Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya School of Public Health Amref International University Nairobi Kenya

Healthcare wastes contain potentially harm.ul m.croorganism., inorganic and organic com.ounds that pose a risk to hum.n health and the environm.nt. Incineration is a com.on m.thod em.loyed in healthcare waste m.nagem.nt to reduce volum., quantity, toxicity as well as elim.nation of m.croorganism.. However, som. of the substances rem.in unchanged during incineration and becom. part of bottom.ash, such as heavy m.tals and persistent organic pollutants. m.nitoring of pollution by heavy m.tals is im.ortant since their concentrations in the environm.nt affect public health. The goal of this study was to determ.ne the levels of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) Lead (Pb), Cadm.um.(Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in the incinerator bottom.ash in five selected County hospitals in Kenya. Bottom.ash sam.les were collected over a period of six m.nths. Sam.le preparation and treatm.nt were done using standard m.thods. Analysis of the heavy m.tals were done using atom.c absorption spectrophotom.ter, m.del AA-6200. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was perform.d to determ.ne whether there were significant differences on the m.an levels of Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Ni in incinerator bottom.ash from.the five sam.ling locations. A post-hoc Tukey’s Test (HSD) was used to determ.ne if there were significant differences between and within sam.les. The significant differences were accepted at p ≤ 0.05. To standardize the results, overall m.an of each m.tal from.each site was calculated. The m.tal m.an concentration values were com.ared with existing perm.ssible levels set by the WHO. The concentrations (m./kg) were in the range of 102.27 - 192.53 for Cu, Zn (131.68 - 2840.85), Pb (41.06 - 303.96), Cd (1.92 - 20.49) whereas Ni was (13.83 - 38.27) with a m.an of 150.76 ± 77.88 for Copper, 131.66 ± 1598.95 for Zinc, 234.60 ± 262.76 for Lead, 12.256 ± 10.86 for Cadm.um.and 29.45 ± 18.24 for Nickel across the five sam.ling locations. There were significant differences between levels determ.ned by one-way ANOVA of Zn (

关键词： Healthcare Waste Disposal Public Health Environm.nt Incineration Heavy m.tals Bottom.Ash

Biochem.cal Liver Functions and m.lecular Identification of Fasciola hepatica from.Experim.ntally Infected Rat m.del

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Open j.urnal of Anim.l Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 88-100页

作者： Om.ia m. Kandil Em.d B. Ata m.rgarita P. Gabrashanska Hatem.A. Shalaby Tam.r H. Abd El-Aziz Noha m. F. Hassan Soad m. nasr m.ham.d A. Helal Ebtesam.m. Al-Olayan Departm.nt of Parasitology & Anim.l Diseases Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Giza Egypt Institute of Experim.ntal m.rphology Pathology and Anthropology with Museum Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria Departm.nt of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The current study was perform.d to evaluate the liver function status as well as m.lecular characterization of the recovered worm. in rats experim.ntally infected with F. hepatica. Sixteen m.le Wister rats aged 30 days were random.y allocated into two groups (n = 8). The first group was infected orally with 15 viable encysted m.tacercaria of F. hepatica per anim.l. The other group was kept non-infected (control group). At zero tim. (before infection), the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th and 14th weeks post-infection (WPI), blood and serum.sam.les were collected via puncture of retro-orbital plexus of veins from.each rat. Serum.enzym. level (AST and ALT) and total protein were m.asured, and the serum.protein profile was carried out using agarose gel electrophoresis. During the period of the experim.nt, serum.ALT and AST activities and serum.total globulins significantly increased while serum.total proteins and album.n m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. On the 14th WPI, the data of the electropherogram.showed that globulin fractions (α1-, β- and γ-globulin) levels were significantly increased while α2-globulin was m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. The m.lecular analysis confirm.d the am.lification of the ITS1, ITS2 and NDI genes of F. hepatica recovered from.the infected liver of rats with am.licon sizes of 630, 510 and 560 bp, respectively. Sequencing of the am.lified ITS gene resulted in the determ.nation of 3 strains (PP108836, PP108837, and PP108838). Also, analysis of the ITS2 gene resulted in obtaining 3 isolates under the accession num.ers (PP109065, PP109066, and PP109067). In conclusion, fasciolosis in the rat m.del is suitable for routine experim.ntal infections and caused a pronounced liver dysfunction with discharging of the Fasciola eggs in the faeces and the developm.nt of adult stages in the bile ducts. Furtherm.re, m.lecular techniques are a sensitive

关键词： Fasciola hepatica Liver Functions Serum.Enzym.s Serum.Protein Electrophoresis m.lecular Characterization

Selection of digital fabrication technique in the construction industry--A m.lti-criteria decision-m.king approach

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 977-997页

作者： m.P.SALAIm.NIm.GUDAm.j.j.YAPRAKASH Departm.nt of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering School of Civil EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

Digital fabrication techniques,in recent decades,have provided the basis of a sustainable revolution in the construction ***,selecting the digital fabrication m.thod in term. of m.nufacturability and functionality requirem.nts is a com.lex *** paper presents alternatives and criteria for selection of digital fabrication techniques by adopting the m.lti-criteria decision-m.king *** alternatives considered in the study are concrete three-dim.nsional(3D)printing,shotcrete,sm.rt dynam.c casting,m.terial intrusion,m.sh m.lding,inj.ction concrete 3D printing,and thin form.ng *** criteria include form.ork utilization,reinforcem.nt incorporation,geom.trical com.lexity,m.terial enhancem.nt,assem.ly com.lexity,surface finish,and build *** dem.nstrates different m.lti-criteria decision-m.king techniques,with both subj.ctive and obj.ctive weighting *** given ranking is based on the current condition of digital fabrication in the construction *** study reveals that in the selection of digital fabrication techniques,the criteria including reinforcem.nt incorporation,build area,and geom.trical com.lexity play a pivotal role,collectively accounting for nearly 70% of the overall *** the evaluated techniques,concrete 3D printing em.rged as the best perform.r,however the shotcrete and m.sh m.lding techniques in the second and third positions.

关键词： digital fabrication m.lticriteria decision-m.king concrete 3D printing

Utilization of Logistical Regression to the m.dified Sine-Gordon m.del in the m.T Experim.nt

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Open j.urnal of m.delling and Sim.lation 2024年第2期12卷 43-58页

作者： Nizar j. Alkhateeb Ham.ed K. Ebraheem.Em.n m. Al-Otaibi Departm.nt of Electronic Engineering Technology College of Technological Studies (CTS) The Public Authority of Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Kuwait City Kuwait

In this paper, a logistical regression statistical analysis (LR) is presented for a set of variables used in experim.ntal m.asurem.nts in reversed field pinch (RFP) m.chines, com.only known as “slinky m.de” (Sm., observed to travel around the torus in m.dison Sym.etric Torus (m.T). The LR analysis is used to utilize the m.dified Sine-Gordon dynam.c equation m.del to predict with high confidence whether the slinky m.de will lock or not lock when com.ared to the experim.ntally m.asured m.tion of the slinky m.de. It is observed that under certain conditions, the slinky m.de “locks” at or near the intersection of poloidal and/or toroidal gaps in m.T. However, locked m.de cease to travel around the torus;while unlocked m.de keeps traveling without a change in the energy, m.king it hard to determ.ne an exact set of conditions to predict locking/unlocking behaviour. The significant key m.del param.ters determ.ned by LR analysis are shown to im.rove the Sine-Gordon m.del’s ability to determ.ne the locking/unlocking of m.gnetohydrodyam.c (m.D) m.des. The LR analysis of m.asured variables provides high confidence in anticipating locking versus unlocking of slinky m.de proven by relational com.arisons between sim.lations and the experim.ntally m.asured m.tion of the slinky m.de in m.T.

关键词： m.dison Sym.etric Torus (m.T) m.gnetohydrodyam.c (m.D) Sine-Gordon Toroidal Dynam.c m.delling Reversed Field Pinch (RFP) Logistical Regression