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Federated Learning Security and Privacy-Preserving Algorithm and Experiments Research Under Internet of Things Critical Infrastructure

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 400-414页

作者： nasir ahmad Jalali Hongsong Chen Department of Computer Science University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing 100083China

The widespread use of the Internet of Things(IoTs)and the rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies have enabled applications to cross commercial and industrial band *** such systems,all participants related to commercial and industrial systems must communicate and generate ***,due to the small storage capacities of IoT devices,they are required to store and transfer the generated data to third-party entity called“cloud”,which creates one single point to store their ***,as the number of participants increases,the size of generated data also ***,such a centralized mechanism for data collection and exchange between participants is likely to face numerous challenges in terms of security,privacy,and *** address these challenges,Federated Learning(FL)has been proposed as a reasonable decentralizing approach,in which clients no longer need to transfer and store real data in the central ***,they only share updated training models that are trained over their private *** the same time,FL enables clients in distributed systems to share their machine learning models collaboratively without their training data,thus reducing data privacy and security ***,slow model training and the execution of additional unnecessary communication rounds may hinder FL applications from operating properly in a distributed ***,these unnecessary communication rounds make the system vulnerable to security and privacy issues,because irrelevant model updates are sent between clients and ***,in this work,we propose an algorithm for fully homomorphic encryption called Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song(CKKS)to encrypt model parameters for their local information privacy-preserving *** proposed solution uses the impetus term to speed up model convergence during the model training ***,it establishes a secure communication channel between IoT devices and the *** a

关键词： Federated Learning(FL) Internet of Things(IoTs) lightweight Transport Layer Security(iTLS) Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song(CKKS)

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In vitro Selection for Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Gladiolus

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第5期50卷 601-612页

作者： Idrees ahmad nasir Sheikh Riazuddin National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the PunjabCanal BankThokar Niaz Baig Lahore 53700Pakistan

Cormels pieces of four Fusarium susceptible Gladiolus cultivars （Friendship, Peter Pears, Victor Borge and Novalux） formed friable calli when cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing various concentrations of auxin and cytokinin. The friable calli established cell suspensions. Plantlet regeneration was obtained from the control callus, control cell suspension derived callus and in vitro selected Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. resistant cell-lines of Friendship. The in vitro cormlets showed 85-95% germination after breaking dormancy of 8 weeks at 4℃. Cell suspensions of all four Gladiolus cultivars were found to be highly sensitive to fusaric acid. Gradual increase in fusaric acid concentrations to the cell-suspension cultures decreased cell growth considerably. One albino plant was found from the second generation of the in vitro selected cell line of Friendship. The albino plant was found to be highly susceptible to F. oxysporum. The cormlets of all in vitro selected cell lines of Friendship were inoculated with a conidial suspension of the F. oxysporum before planting and were also sprayed with the same spore suspension for further characterization when the height of plants was about 6cm. The four selected cell lines showed the same response whether or not they were inoculated with conidia of the F. oxysporum. Plantlets of all of the selected cell lines exhibited significant growth as compared with the control after application of conidia of the F. oxysporum.

关键词： cell suspension fusaric acid fusadum Gladiolus in vitro selection regeneration.

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Decolorization of Blue CL-BR dye by AOPs using bleach wastewater as source of H_2O_2

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第10期19卷 1183-1188页

作者： Abdullah Yasar nasir ahmad Aamir Amanat Ali Khan Anwer Yousaf Directorate of Research and Development University of the PunjabLahore-Pakistan41-Kamran BlockAUama lqbal TownLahore-Pakistan.

This research was focused on the investigation of the efficacy of advanced oxidation processes （Fenton, ozonation and UV/H2O2） for decolorization of reactive azo dye （Blue CL-BR） using bleach wastewater as possible source of H2O2. All the experiments were performed on the laboratory scale set-up. The results showed that colour removal efficiencies by UV or bleach （H2O2） alone were not so efficient. Fenton process with bleach wastewater was found to be the most effective at process conditions such as pH of 3 and HEO2/Fe^2＋ ratio of 24：1, resulting in 64% colour removal. Almost complete colour removal, i.e., 99% and 95% were achieved by UV//H2O2 and UV/bleach wastewater in 30 and 60 min, respectively. Ozonation proved an efficient method for decolorization of Blue CL-BR dye at alkaline pH. It was possible to achieve 98% colour removal with 30 min of ozonation at pH 9. The colour removal of dye was found to follow first order kinetics.

关键词： azo dye bleach wastewater Fenton hydrogen peroxide ozone

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Comparative field performance of some agricultural crops under a canopy of Populus deltoides and Ulmus wallichiana

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 783-790页

作者： Tariq Hussian Masoodi nasir ahmad Masoodi Sajad ahmad Gangoo Shah Murtaza Mushtaq Hillal ahmad Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

The performance of maize, beans and sunflower was evalu- ated under a canopy ofPopulus deltoides and Ulmus wallichiana at Fac- ulty of Agriculture, Wadura. The germination, growth and yield of the three test crops were suppressed under both tree species. The reduction, however, decreased when the cultivation of test crops was continued for three years. The inhibition potential generally is in the order of P del- toides 〈 U. wallichiana for maize and sunflower and P. deltoides 〉 U. wallichiana for beans. Available soil N, P and K increased under the canopy of the selected tree species. The soils under U. wallichiana were more fertile than those under P deltoides. Chromatographic investigation of extracts showed that the soils under P deltoides and U. wallichiana differed in their composition of phenolic acids and phenolic glycocides. Except for caffic acid, all other allelochemicals disappeared and were no longer recovered in soil samples obtained after the second or third year of cultivation. Tree-crop compatibility can be explored in greater detail for improved management of traditional agro-ecosystems in Kashmir to increase the overall productivity of the land.

关键词： allelopathy agroforestry phenolic acids glycocides growthperformance yield

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Sludge granulation and efficiency of phase separator in UASB reactor treating combined industrial effluent

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第5期19卷 553-558页

作者： Abdullah Yasar nasir ahmad Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry Aamir Amanat Ali Khan Directorate of Research and Development University of the Punjab41-Kamran BlockAllama Iqbal TownLahore-Pakistan.

Sludge granulation and the effect of gas-liquid-solid separator （GLSS） design on the efficiency of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket （UASB） and upflow anaerobic sludge filter （UASF） reactors, operating at HRTs ranging from 3 to 12 h was investigated. VSS/TS ratio gradually increased in both the reactors with increasing sludge age （from 0.5 to more than 0.7 for UASB reactor and 0.012 to 0.043 for UASF reactor）. X-Ray diffraction analysis of the UASF sludge showed the presence of expanding clays revealing its additional absorption capability. Fuoraphyllite and albite precipitation related to excellular polymers of the microbial shell structure, showed the extended growth of microorganisms during sludge granulation. A gradual decrease （82%-69%） in COD removal with decreasing HRT was apparent in UASF reactor. In case of UASB reactor, this decrease was marginal because addition of GLSS device significantly improved （14%-20%） the overall efficiency of the UASB reactor. GLSS enhanced the efficiency of the UASB reactor by increasing the settleability of suspended particles and accelerating the coagulation of colloidal particles due to the velocity gradient.

关键词： sludge granulation gas-liquid-solid (GLS) phase separator UASB microbial growth

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Increasing Distance Increasing Bits Substitution (IDIBS) Algorithm for Implementation of VTVB Steganography

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2018年第10期117卷 1-16页

作者： Sahib Khan Arslan Arif Syed Tahir Hussain Rizvi nasir ahmad Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Politecnico di Torino10129 TorinoItaly DAUIN Politecnico di Torino10129 TorinoItaly Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Loughborough UniversityUnited Kingdom

Cryptography and steganography are two important and related fields of information ***,steganography is slightly different in the sense that it hides the existence of secret information from unauthorized *** is one of the most appealing research domains,have applications like copyright protection,data integrity protection and manipulation *** steganography techniques have been proposed in ***,in this work a new information hiding algorithm is *** proposed technique de-correlates frequency components of cover image using discrete cosine transform and uses the least significant bits of frequency components for hiding secret *** tech-nique hides variable number of bits of secret message in different frequency ***,it hides different amount of secret information in different regions of cover im-age and results in enhancement of *** algorithm has the flexibility to change the hiding capacity and quality of final stego *** has been observed from experimental results that a hiding a capacity from 3%to 43%can be achieved with significantly good quality of 41 dB to 37 dB in term of peak signal to noise *** successful recovery of the hidden information need the pattern,called stego key,in which is used in hiding *** algorithm provides twofold security;hiding keeps the existence of hidden information secret and the large key size makes the retrieval of hidden information difficult for intruders.

关键词： VTVB steganography image processing information security data hiding

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Potato Virus Y mRNA Expression Knockdown Mediated by siRNAs in Cultured Mammalian Cell Line

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Virologica Sinica 2011年第2期26卷 105-113页

作者： Bushra Tabassum Idrees ahmad nasir Tayyab Husnain National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology(CEMB) University of the Punjab

RNA interference(RNAi) is a powerful tool for functional gene analysis which has been successfully used to downregulate the expression levels of target *** goal of this research was to provide a highly robust and concise methodology for in-vitro screening of efficient siRNAs from a bulk to be used as a tool to protect potato plants against PVY *** our study,a 480bp fragment of the capsid protein gene of potato virus Y(CP-PVY) was used as a target to downregulate PVY mRNA expression in-vitro,as the CP gene interferes with viral uncoating,translation and replication.A total of six siRNAs were designed and screened through transient transfection assay and knockdown in expression of CP-PVY mRNA was calculated in CHO-k ***-PVY mRNA knockdown efficiency was analyzed by RT-PCR and real-time PCR of CHO-k cells co-transfected with a CP gene construct and *** biological replicates were performed in this *** our findings,one CP gene specific siRNA out of a total of six was found to be the most effective for knockdown of CP-PVY mRNA in transfected CHO-k cells by up to 80%-90%.

关键词： RNAi Potato virus Y siRNA in-vitro Expression knockdown Transfection

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Assessment of Metals Concentration and Ecotoxicology of the Sediment Core of Rehri Creek, Karachi Coast, Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第5期87卷 1434-1443页

作者： Muhammad Z. CHAUDHARY nasir ahmad Azhar MASHIATULLAH Sajjad MUNIR Tariq JAVED Isotope Application Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH) Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences Bahria University Islamanad

Trace metal concentrations were investigated in a recent sediment core collected from the Rehri Creek area of the Karachi coast, Sindh - Pakistan. The core was sliced horizontally at 2.5-cm intervals to determine grain size, sediment composition, pH, organic matter, and acid-leachable trace metals： cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, and zinc. The trace metals were analyzed by ICP. To separate anthropogenic from geogenic input, several approaches were made, including comparison with sediment quality guidelines--ecotoxicological sense of heavy metal contamination and classification by quantitative indexes. Grain-size analysis and sediment composition of core sample show a sandy nature with neutral pH. Elemental sequence （ES） of the trace metals is in the order of Zn （19.2-109.56 ppm）〉 Si （66.46-101.71 ppm）〉 Ba （12.05-26.86 ppm）〉 As （8.18-17.36 ppm）〉 Ni （4.2- 14.69 ppm）〉 Cr （3.02-9.62 ppm）〉 Pb （2.79-6.83 ppm）〉 Cu （2.2-5.29 ppm）〉 Co （0.9-2.05 ppm）. Thus it is likely that the area may face a serious threat of metal pollution with the present deposition rates unless stringent pollution control norms are adopted. The Sediment Geo-accumulation Index shows that there is no Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, or Fe pollution; however, the former index and the Pollution Load Index indicate arsenic pollution in the sediments.

关键词： trace elements lake sedimentation sediment quality guidelines pollution shale values

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A systematic review of soil erosion control practices on the agricultural land in Asia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第2期8卷 103-115页

作者： Nur Syabeera Begum nasir ahmad Firuza Begham Mustafa Safiah@Yusmah Muhammad Yusoff Gideon Didams Department of Geography Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Soil is the basis of production in agriculture activities. The combination of intensive farming activities, improper farming practices, rainfall regimes, and topography conditions that taken place in agricultural land lead to the soil erosion problem. Soil erosion is the major constraint to agriculture that affects the yield production and degraded environmental sustainability. Furthermore, soil erosion that occurs in the agricultural area has jeopardized the sustainability of agriculture activities. Asia is one of the major agricultural producers in the world. It is essential to know how to mitigate soil erosion in Asian agri-cultural land. This systematic review aims to analyze the existing literature on research that has been done on control practices that had been taken in Asia agricultural land towards soil erosion. This article is guided by the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis) review method. The authors systematically reviewed the literature to study the control practices that been taken and tested to control soil erosion on the agricultural land in Asia. Accordingly, this systematic review identified 39 related studies about the topic based on the Web of Science and Scopus databases. This article divided the control practices into three main themes, which are agronomic practices, agro-stological practices, and mechanical practices. The three main themes then produced a total of 11 sub-themes. Further specific and sustained research is needed to tackle this severe environmental problem through a better method, such as this systematic review method. The systematic review helps farmers and policymakers to implement the most practical approach to control and reduce soil erosion.

关键词： Systematic literature review Soil erosion Control practices Agricultural land Asia

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Overexpression of the phytochrome B gene from Arabidopsis thaliana increases plant growth and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2011年第4期12卷 326-334页

作者： Abdul Qayyum RAO Muhammad IRFAN Zafar SALEEM Idrees ahmad nasir Sheikh RIAZUDDIN Tayyab HUSNAIN National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology

The phytochrome B (PHYB) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana was introduced into cotton through Agrobacterium *** and expression of PHYB gene in cotton plants were confirmed by molecular *** RNA (mRNA) expression in one of the transgenic lines,QCC11,was much higher than those of control and other transgenic *** cotton plants showed more than a two-fold increase in photosynthetic rate and more than a four-fold increase in transpiration rate and stomatal *** increase in photosynthetic rate led to a 46% increase in relative growth rate and an 18% increase in net assimilation *** recorded up to two generations,both in the greenhouse and in the field,revealed that overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana PHYB gene in transgenic cotton plants resulted in an increase in the production of cotton by improving the cotton plant growth,with 35% more ***,the presence of the Arabidopsis thaliana PHYB gene caused pleiotropic effects like semi-dwarfism,decrease in apical dominance,and increase in boll size.

关键词： Transformation Gossypium hirsutum Phytochrome B Overexpression Plant growth Yield

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