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More than Half of Patients with Schizophrenia Are Receiving Polypharmacy and Co-Prescription of Anxiolytics in Pakistan —Findings from Research on Asian Prescription Pattern in 2016

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2018年第3期8卷 199-211页

作者： Mazhar Malik Usman Ghani Nariman Awais nargis munir Afzal Javed munir Hamirani Nasar Sayeed Kahn Shu-Yu Yang Liang-Yu Chen Shih-Ku Lin Norman Sartorius Chay-Hoon Tan Mian-Yoon Chong Masaki Shinfuku Sandeep Grover Winston W. Shen Naotaka Shinfuku Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Rawal Institute of Health Sciences Islamabad Pakistan Pakistan Psychiatric Research Center Fountain House Lahore Pakistan Department of Psychiatry Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi Pakistan Department of Psychiatry Services Hospital Lahore Pakistan Taipei City Hospital and Psychiatric Center Taiwan Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programs Geneva Switzerland National University of Singapore Singapore Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and School of Medicine Chang Gung University Taiwan Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical Center Tokyo Japan Department of Psychiatry Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PIGMER) Chandigah India Departments of Psychiatry Medical Center and College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Kobe University School of Medicine Kobe Japan

Objective: Little is known about the prescription pattern of psychotropic drugs for patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristic features of psychotropic drug prescriptions for patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan. Methods: Three centers in Pakistan participated in a large scale collaborative study known as Research on Asian Prescription Pattern (REAP). The 2016 REAP survey included centers from 15 countries in Asia and used a unified research protocol. The design of the study was quantitative and of descriptive epidemiology. Analysis was made on the data collected from three centers i.e., Lahore, Karachi and Islamabad. The data collected in Pakistan were compared with those from other Asian countries. The details of REAP were presented on the homepage of REAP (http://***). Results: From Pakistan, 298 patients were included. Patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan received higher rate of antipsychotic polypharmacy and a higher rate of co-prescription of mood stabilizers and anxiolytics when compared with participants from other South Asian countries (India and Bangladesh). Conclusion: The main findings of the study were that a majority of the patients were prescribed antipsychotic polypharmacy drugs in Pakistan. Insufficient training on the use of psychotropic drugs and a lack of treatment guideline are considered to be the major contributing factors. Further education and training on the proper use of psychotropic drugs are recommended to psychiatrists in Pakistan. The guidelines on pharmacotherapy for patients with schizophrenia should also be developed and promoted in Pakistan.

关键词： Pakistan Psychotropic Drugs Polypharmacy REAP Schizophrenia

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Computational Determination of the Binding Mode of α-Conotoxin to Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第6期15卷 1027-1033页

作者： TABASSUM nargis YU Rilei JIANG Tao Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Chinese Ministry of Education School of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of China Qingdao 266003 P. R. China

Abstract Conotoxins belong to the large families of disulfide-rich peptide toxins from cone snail venom, and can act on a broad spectrum of ion channels and receptors. They are classified into different subtypes based on their targets. The a-conotoxins selectively inhibit the current of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Because of their unique selectivity towards distinct nAChR subtypes, a-conotoxins become valuable tools in nAChR study. In addition to the X-ray structures of a-conotoxins in complex with acetyleholine-binding protein, a homolog of the nAChR ligand-binding domain, the high-resolution crystal structures of the extracellular domain of the al and a9 subunits are also obtained. Such structures not only revealed the details of the configuration of nAChR, but also provided higher sequence identity templates for modeling the binding modes of a-conotoxins to nAChR. This mini-review summarizes recent modeling studies for the determination of the binding modes of a-conotoxins to nAChR. As there are not crystal structures of the nAChR in complex with conotoxins, computational modeling in combination of mutagenesis data is expected to reveal the molecular recognition mechanisms that govern the interactions between a-conotoxins and nAChR at molecular level. An accurate determination of the binding modes of a-conotoxins on AChRs allows rational design of a-conotoxin analogues with improved potency or selectivity to nAChRs.

关键词： Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor a-conotoxin acetylcholine binding protein docking homology modeling moleculardynamics simulation mutational energy

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GENERIC WARPED PRODUCT SUBMANIFOLDS OF LOCALLY CONFORMAL KEAHLER MANIFOLDS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2010年第5期30卷 1457-1468页

作者： nargis Jamal Khalid Ali Khan Viqar Azam Khan Department of Mathematics Aligarh Muslim University School of Engineering and Logistics Faculty of TechnologyCharles Darwin University Department of Mathematics College of ScienceP.O.Box 80203King Abdul Aziz University

Warped product manifolds are known to have applications in physics. For instance, they provide an excellent setting to model space-time near a black hole or a massive star （cf. [9]）. The studies on warped product manifolds with extrinsic geometric point of view were intensified after the B.Y. Chen＇s work on CR-warped product submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds （cf. [6], [7]）. Later on, similar studies were carried out in the setting of 1.c.K. manifolds and nearly Kaehler manifolds （el. [3], [11]）. In the present article, we investigate a larger class of warped product submanifolds of 1.c.K. manifolds, ensure their existence by constructing an example of such manifolds and obtain some important properties of these submanifolds. With regard to the CR-warped product submanifold, a special case of generic warped product submanifolds, we obtain a characterization under which a CR-submanifold is reducesd to a CR-warped product submanifold.

关键词： warped product submanifold locally conformal Kaehler manifold generic submanifold

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Severity Recognition of Aloe vera Diseases Using AI in Tensor Flow Domain

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 2199-2216页

作者： Nazeer Muhammad Rubab nargis Bibi Oh-Young Song Muhammad Attique Khan Sajid Ali Khan Department of IT&CS Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripur22620Pakistan COMSATS University Islamabad Wah CampusWah Cantt47040Pakistan Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi44000Pakistan Software Department Sejong UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Foundation University IslamabadIslamabadPakistan

Agriculture plays an important role in the economy of all ***,plant diseases may badly affect the quality of food,production,and ultimately the *** plant disease detection and management,agriculturalists spend a huge amount of ***,the manual detection method of plant diseases is complicated and ***,automated systems for plant disease detection using machine learning(ML)approaches are ***,most of the existing ML techniques of plants diseases recognition are based on handcrafted features and they rarely deal with huge amount of input *** address the issue,this article proposes a fully automated method for plant disease detection and recognition using deep neural *** the proposed method,AlexNet and VGG19 CNNs are considered as pre-trained *** is capable to obtain the feature extraction of the given data with fine-tuning *** convolutional neural network feature extraction,it selects the best subset of features through the correlation coefficient and feeds them to the number of classifiers including K-Nearest Neighbor,Support Vector Machine,Probabilistic Neural Network,Fuzzy logic,and Artificial Neural *** validation of the proposed method is carried out on a self-collected dataset generated through the augmentation *** achieved average accuracy of our method is more than 96%and outperforms the recent techniques.

关键词： Plants diseases wavelet transform fast algorithm deep learning feature extraction classification

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Medicinal values of aquatic plant genus Nymphoides grown in Asia: A review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第2期8卷 113-119页

作者： Zihan Rahman Khan nargis Sultana Chowdhury Suriya Sharmin Md.Hossain Sohrab Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division BCSIR Laboratories Department of Pharmacy Manarat International University

Nymphoides is an aquatic genus consisting about 50 species, of which few were accepted as traditional medicinal plants in Asia. The literature review revealed that Nymphoides species are widely used in Ayurvedic medicine as a popular drug, i.e. Tagara. They are also utilized by the traditional local healers of different Asian countries to treat various diseases, like convulsion, jaundice, fever, headache, etc. According to the in vivo and in vitro pharmacological studies, Nymphoides species have been claimed to possess major biological activities like anticonvulsant, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, antitumor, etc. Biochemical profiling of different aquatic plants of this genus revealed the presence of some important phytochemicals as polyphenolic component, flavonoids, triterpenes, carbohydrates, glycosides, etc. Several valuable bioactive compounds including ephedrine, coumarin, secoiridoid glucosides, methyl quercetin, ferulic acid, foliamenthoic acid, etc. were also known to be isolated and identified from different Nymphoides species. The aim of this review is to analyze the published report based on the medicinal values of different Asian Nymphoides species, to provide the updated information about the ethnomedicinal, pharmacological as well as the phytochemical properties for the first time.

关键词： Nymphoides Aquatic Ayurvedic medicine Phytochemicals

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Association of post-traumatic stress disorder and work performance: A survey from an emergency medical service, Karachi, Pakistan

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第3期8卷 214-222页

作者： Salima Kerai Omrana Pasha Uzma Khan Muhammad Islam nargis Asad Junaid Razzak Epidemiology and Biostatistics Community Health Sciences Department Aga Khan University Community Health Sciences Department Aga Khan University Psychiatry Department Aga Khan University Emergency Medicine Department Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to explore the association between posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and work performance of emergency medical services personnel in Karachi, ***: Emergency medical service personnel were screened for potential PTSD using Impact of Event Scale-Revised(IES-R). Work performance was assessed on the basis of fi ve variables: number of late arrivals to work, number of days absent, number of days sick, adherence to protocol, and patient satisfaction over a period of 3 months. In order to model outcomes like the number of late arrivals to work, days absent and days late, negative binomial regression was applied, whereas logistic regression was applied for adherence to protocol and linear for patient satisfaction ***: Mean scores of PTSD were 24.0±12.2. No association was found between PTSD and work performance measures: number of late arrivals to work(RRadj 0.99; 0.98–1.00), days absent(RRadj 0.98; 0.96–0.99), days sick(RRadj 0.99; 0.98–1.00), adherence to protocol(ORadj 1.01; 0.99–1.04) and patient satisfaction(β 0.001%–0.03%) after adjusting for years of formal schooling, living status, coping mechanism, social support, working hours, years of experience and anxiety or ***: No statistically significant association was found between PTSD and work performance amongst EMS personnel in Karachi, Pakistan.

关键词： Emergency medical service Karachi Pakistan Post-traumatic stress disorder Stress Work performance

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A Strategy to Employ Clitoria ternatea as a Prospective Brain Drug Confronting Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Against Neurodegenerative Diseases and Depression

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2015年第6期5卷 293-306页

作者： A.Anita Margret T.nargis Begum S.Parthasarathy S.Suvaithenamudhan Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Bishop Heber CollegeTiruchirappalli 620017India Department of Biotechnology Jamal Mohamed CollegeTiruchirappalli 620020India Department of Bioinformatics School of Life SciencesBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024India

Ayurveda is a renowned traditional medicine practiced in India from ancient times and Clitoria ternatea is one such prospective medicinal herb incorporated as an essential constituent in a brain tonic called as medhya rasayan for treating neurological *** work emphasises the significance of the plant as a brain drug there by upholding Indian *** phytochemicals from the root extract were extricated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry assay and molecular docking against the protein Monoamine oxidase was performed with four potential compounds along with four reference compounds of the *** persuades the prospect of *** as a remedy for neurodegenerative diseases and *** in silico assay enumerates that a major compound(Z)-9,17-octadecadienal obtained from the chromatogram with a elevated retention time of 32.99 furnished a minimum binding affinity energy value of-6.5 kcal/mol against monoamine oxidase(MAO-A).The interactions with the amino acid residues ALA 68,TYR 60 and TYR 69 were analogous to the reference compound kaempferol-3-monoglucoside with a least score of-13.90/-12.95 kcal/mol against the isoforms(MAO)A and *** study fortifies the phytocompounds of *** as MAO-inhibitors and to acquire a pharmaceutical approach in rejuvenating Ayurvedic medicine.

关键词： (Z)-9,17-Octadecadienal Kaempferol-3-monoglucoside Monoamine oxidase Clitoria ternatea Molecular docking Ayurvedic medicine

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Source identification, contamination status and health risk assessment of heavy metals from road dusts in Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第11期34卷 159-174页

作者： Aklima nargis Ahsan Habib Md Nazrul Islam Kai Chen Md Shafiqul Islam Sarker A N M Al-Razee Wenbin Liu Guorui Liu Minggang Cai Coastal and Ocean Management Institute&State Key laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Department of Chemistry University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh Central Chemical Laboratory Department of Narcotics ControlMinistry of Home AffairsDhaka 1204Bangladesh Department of Analytical Chemistry&Environmental Science Training Institute for Chemical IndustriesPolashNarsingdi 1611Bangladesh State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

In this study, concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were determined in road dusts collected from different locations in Dhaka to assess source, contamination status and health risk. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to determine Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb and their mean concentrations were 162.27 ± 29.46, 721.18 ± 180.14, 35.65 ± 12.55, 104.56 ± 128.33, 515.32 ± 321.90,BDL, and 342.82 ± 591.20 mg/kg, respectively. Among the heavy metals, highest concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb were found at urban sites-7(municipal waste dumping) and 8(medical waste incineration). Highest concentration of Cr followed by Cu and Zn was found at site-5(Tejgaon, urban). Principal component analysis revealed that anthropogenic activities are the potential sources for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb while earth crust for Mn. Pollution index and pollution load index results suggested that all the sites were contaminated and/or degraded by Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb except sites-9(urban), 10(sub-urban), 11(rural) while sites-7 and 8(urban) were extremely degraded. For noncarcinogenic health risk, hazard quotient values for dermal were higher compared to that of inhalation/ingestion. Though hazard index values were less than 1 at all the sites, these were at least one order of magnitude higher for children group than that of adult group, thus the children group may face more noncarcinogenic health risk at sites -7 and 8. Values of incremental lifetime cancer risk were from 10to 10showed no carcinogenic health risk by road dusts contaminated with the heavy metals.

关键词： Heavy metal Road dust Dhaka Principal component analysis Pollution status Health risk assessment

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A qualitative exploration of Pakistan’s street children, as a consequence of the poverty-disease cycle

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 92-99页

作者： Muhammad Ahmed Abdullah Zeeshan Basharat Omairulhaq Lodhi Muhammad Hisham Khan Wazir Hameeda Tayyab Khan nargis Yousaf Sattar Adnan Zahid Department of Community and Family Medicine Shifa College of MedicinePitrus Bukhari RoadSector H-8/4IslamabadPakistan Department of Medicine Shifa International HospitalPitrus Bukhari RoadSector H-8/4IslamabadPakistan Department of Medicine District Headquarter Teaching HospitalRawalpindiPakistan

Background:Street children are a global phenomenon,with an estimated population of around 150 million across the *** children include those who work on the streets but retain their family contacts,and also those who practically live on the streets and have no or limited family *** Pakistan,many children are forced to work on the streets due to health-related events occurring at home which require children to play a financially productive role from an early *** explanatory framework adapted from the poverty-disease cycle has been used to elaborate these ***:This study is a qualitative study,and involved 19 in-depth interviews and two key informant interviews,conducted in Rawalpindi,Pakistan,from February to May *** data was audio taped and *** themes were identified and built *** respondents were contacted through a gatekeeper ex-street child who was a member of the street children ***:We asked the children to describe their life *** stories led us to the finding that street children are always forced to attain altered social roles because health-related problems,poverty,and large family sizes leave them no choice but to enter the workforce and earn their *** also gathered information regarding high-risk practices and increased risks of sexual and substance abuse,based on the street children’s increased *** children face the issue of social exclusion because diseases and poverty push them into a life full of risks and hazards;a life which also confines their social role in the ***:The street child community in Pakistan is on the *** children are excluded from mainstream society,and the absence of access to education and vocational skills reduces their future *** in mind the implications of health-related events on these children,robust inter-sectoral interventions are required.

关键词： Street children Poverty-disease cycle Pakistan

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Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression and the Role of Physician-Patient Relationship: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第3期13卷 136-152页

作者： Nadine Mansour nargis Albert Mohamed Khalil Department of Public Health and Community Medicine Alkasr Aleini Medical School Cairo University Cairo Egypt Giza Health Directorate Ministry of Health and Population Giza Egypt Department of Psychiatry Alkasr Aleini Medical School Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) challenges health and quality of life of patients, families, and communities. Patients with comorbid depression are more likely to develop macrovascular and microvascular complications. The aim was to assess glycemic control and adherence in diabetic patients with comorbid depression. Further, the study evaluated the relationship between adherence and the physician-patient relationship. Methods: The study was conducted at Al-Agouza Family Medicine Center (AFMC) between February 2018 and March 2020. The included patients were between 35 - 80 years of age;had type 2 diabetes with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5%, fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl, and scored between 11 - 30 on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Logistic regression, chi-square, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess the relationship between depression, adherence, physician-patient relationship, and other variables. Results: The study included 100 eligible patients with a median BDI score of 20 (10 - 30). The median diabetic panel for patients was FBS 188 (126 - 348) mg/dl, PPS 282.50 (162 - 448) mg/dl, and HbA1c 9.5 (6.6 - 14.0)%. Depression and regular follow-up visits were statistically associated with improvement of diabetes symptoms (p = 0.019). There was a significant relationship (p 0.001) between adherence, regular follow-up visits, and knowledge of DM. Further, there was a significant relationship between the physician-patient relationship and DM improvement (p = 0.047). Conclusion: Physician-patient relationship was paramount to improving adherence and positive diabetes care. Our findings suggest a shift to a physician-patient relationship model with mutual agreement on medical decisions is highly recommended.

关键词： Depression Type 2 Diabetes Adherence Physician-Patient Relationship

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