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Intracerebral Microdialysis in neurosurgery for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Report of 2 Preliminary Cases

Open Journal of Modern neurosurgery 2020年第3期10卷 371-381页

作者： Sergio A. Sacchettoni Rafael Galera Juan F. Del Corral Juan P. Abud Aníbal Pinero Luis Teneud napoleón torres Rafael Rojas Pedro Rada Félix Guerrero Edgar González Mónica Bifano Dely Yazawa Luis Hernández Hospital and School of Medicine JM Vargas Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas Venezuela Centro Medico-Docente La Trinidad Caracas Venezuela neurology Mobile System Associates Miami FL USA Laboratory of Physiology of Behavior Universidad de Los Andes Mérida Venezuela University of Grenoble-Alpes CEA LETI Clinatec France

neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders, notably for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), was initiated in Venezuela in the decade of 1970, and consisted since that time in the classic stereotactic anterior cingulotomy. In order to know further about the physiopathology of this disorder, we performed intracerebral microdialysis in 2 patients who were operated on. The aim was to measure changes in extracellular neurotransmitters within the basal ganglia. The microdialysis probes were stereotactically placed in the right caudate nucleus and in the dorsomedial nucleus of the right thalamus. The microdialysis was done before the left cingulotomy, during the pause and after the right cingulotomy. Glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) changes were similar in the caudate nucleus of both patients, whereas in the dorsomedial nucleus the changes were opposite among the 2 patients. Although this study does not bring enough data to explain such differences yet, the existence of dynamic changes in the neurochemistry of the basal ganglia during cingulotomy shows that intracerebral microdialysis can help in the understanding of the pathophysiology of OCD and eventually in the design of new surgeries with better results.

关键词： Psychiatric neurosurgery Psychosurgery Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Intracerebral Microdialysis

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Distribution of Malpighia mexicana in Mexico and its implications for Barranca del Río Santiago

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1095-1103页

作者： Martín Tena Meza Rafael Manavarro-Cerrillo Diego Brizuela torres Instituto de Botánica Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad de GuadalajaraMéxicoCamino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No.2100.Nextipac45200 ZapopanJaliscoMexico Depto.Ingeniería Forestal Laboratorio de SelviculturaDendrocronología y Cambio ClimáticoDendrodatLab-ERSAFUniversidad de CórdobaCampus de RabanalesCtra.N-IVkm.39614071 CórdobaSpain Departamento de Producción Forestal Centro Universitario de CienciasBiológicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad de GuadalajaraMéxicoCamino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No.2100 Nextipac45200 ZapopanJaliscoMexico

Wild plants represent relatively unexplored resource of high economic potential,especially as an alternative to developing new crops and,even more relevant,for improving existing crops and contributing to nutrition and *** wild species M alpighia mexicana(manzanita)has a wide tradition of food,medicinal and ornamental use in *** is part of the American-origin group of tropical shrubs that produce edible red fruits,such as A cerola,which is considered the most important natural source of vitamin C in the *** the role played by *** in Mexico,and particularly in Barranca del Río Santiago(Santiago River Canyon),we modelled its potential distribution in both geographical *** used species'records from databases,local herbaria and records collected by the authors as well as climatic variables representing long term average,variability and extreme conditions of temperature and *** fit the models we used the modelling algorithm Maxent and selected an adequate configuration by testing a range of model complexity *** results indicate a clear species preference for warm-dry tropical forest,most extensively in the Balsas river depression and the central valleys of *** probability of the species presence in the western region was also high,although the probability was also high for smaller surface areas,such as the region of Santiago river canyons,which are covered by warm-dry tropical forests.

关键词： Malpighia mexicana Maxent Warmdry tropical forest Río Santiago Genetic resources Ecological niche model Manzanita

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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo torres-Jardón Agustín García-Reynoso Iván Y.Hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air *** Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is ***,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central *** studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the new *** applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the *** results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed nO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional *** contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency *** the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

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Microstructural, mechanical and corrosion characterization of an as-cast Mg-3Zn-0.4Ca alloy for biomedical applications

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第2期8卷 510-522页

作者： n.Pulido-Gonzalez B.torres P.Rodrigo n.Hort J.Rams Department of Applied Mathematics Materials Science and Engineering and Electronics Technology.ESCETRey Juan Carlos UniversityC/Tulipan s/n28933 MdstolesMadridSpain Magnesium Innovation Centre Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht21502 GeesthachtGermany

The as-cast Mg-3Zn-0.4Ca alloy shows a great potential to be used in biomedical applications due to its composition,mechanical properties and *** and Ca appear naturally in the organism accomplishing vital *** alloy consists of an a-Mg matrix and a eutectic composed of *** eutectic product enhances the mechanical properties of the studied alloy,causing strengthening and providing superior hardness *** this alloy,cracks initiate at the intermetallic compounds and progress through the matrix because of the open network formed by the *** to the corrosion results,the eutectic product presents a noble potential compared to the a-Mg *** this reason,the corrosion progresses preferentially through the matrix,avoiding the(α-Mg+Ca2Mg6Zri3)eutectic product,when the alloy is in direct contact to Hank's solution.

关键词： Mg-Zn-Ca alloys Biomaterials Biodegradable implants nanoindentation Three-point bending test Corrosion behaviour

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A Hybrid Statistical-Dynamical Downscaling of Air Temperature over Scandinavia Using the WRF Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第1期37卷 57-74页

作者： Jianfeng WAnG Ricardo M.FOnSECA Kendall RUTLEDGE Javier MARTÍn-torres Jun YU Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics UmeåUniversitySE 90187UmeåSweden Group of Atmospheric Science Division of Space TechnologyDepartment of Computer ScienceElectrical and Space EngineeringLuleåUniversity of TechnologySE 97187 LuleåSweden novia University of Applied Sciences PO BOX 6FI-65201 VaasaFinland Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra 18100 GranadaSpain The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry Institute for Planetary MaterialsOkayama University at MisasaTottori 682-0193Japan

An accurate simulation of air temperature at local scales is crucial for the vast majority of weather and climate *** this work,a hybrid statistical–dynamical downscaling method and a high-resolution dynamical-only downscaling method are applied to daily mean,minimum and maximum air temperatures to investigate the quality of localscale estimates produced by *** two downscaling approaches are evaluated using station observation data obtained from the Finnish Meteorological Institute over a near-coastal region of western *** dynamical downscaling is performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model,and the statistical downscaling method implemented is the Cumulative Distribution Function-transform(CDF-t).The CDF-t is trained using 20 years of WRF-downscaled Climate Forecast System Reanalysis data over the region at a 3-km spatial resolution for the central month of each *** performance of the two methods is assessed qualitatively,by inspection of quantile-quantile plots,and quantitatively,through the Cramer-von Mises,mean absolute error,and root-mean-square error *** hybrid approach is found to provide significantly more skillful forecasts of the observed daily mean and maximum air temperatures than those of the dynamical-only downscaling(for all seasons).The hybrid method proves to be less computationally expensive,and also to give more skillful temperature forecasts(at least for the Finnish near-coastal region).

关键词： WRF air temperature Cumulative Distribution Function-transform hybrid statistical–dynamical downscaling,model evaluation Scandinavian Peninsula

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new insights into the pathophysiology of achalasia and implications for future treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 7892-7907页

作者： Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda Samuel torres-Landa Miguel ángel Valdovinos Enrique Coss-Adame Luis A Martín del Campo Gonzalo torres-Villalobos Department of Immunology and Rheumatology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Department of Experimental Surgery Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

Idiopathic achalasia is an archetype esophageal motor disorder, causing significant impairment of eating ability and reducing quality of life. The pathophysiological underpinnings of this condition are loss of esophageal peristalsis and insufficient relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter(LES). The clinical manifestations include dysphagia for both solids and liquids, regurgitation of esophageal contents, retrosternal chest pain, cough, aspiration, weight loss and heartburn. Even though idiopathic achalasia was first described more than 300 years ago, researchers are only now beginning to unravel its complex etiology and molecular pathology. The most recent findings indicate an autoimmune component, as suggested by the presence of circulating anti-myenteric plexus autoantibodies, and a genetic predisposition, as suggested by observed correlations with other well-defined genetic syndromes such as Allgrove syndrome and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 B syndrome. Viral agents(herpes, varicella zoster) have also been proposed as causative and promoting factors. Unfortunately, the therapeutic approaches available today do not resolve the causes of the disease, and only target the consequential changes to the involved tissues, such as destruction of the LES, rather than restoring or modifying the underlying pathology. new therapies should aim to stop the disease at early stages, thereby preventing the consequential changes from developing and inhibiting permanent damage. This review focuses on the known characteristics of idiopathic achalasia that will help promote understanding its pathogenesis and improve therapeutic management to positively impact the patient's quality of life.

关键词： Achalasia Treatment Autoimmune disease Pathophysiology

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Association between Helicobacter *** and hepatobiliary malignancies:A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第5期21卷 1414-1423页

作者： Fany Karina Segura-López Alfredo Güitrón-Cantú Javier torres Hospital de Especialidades UMAE no 71 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialTorreónCoahuila 27000México Departamento de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal Hospital de Especialidades UMAE No 71Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialTorreónCoahuila 2700México Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias Hospital de Pediatría UMAECentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico CP 06720DFMéxico

Hepatobiliary cancers are highly lethal cancers that comprise a spectrum of invasive carcinomas originating in the liver hepatocellular carcinoma,the bile ducts intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and extrahepaticcholangiocarcinoma,the gallbladder and the ampulla of Vater(collectively known as biliary tract cancers).These tumors account for approximately 13% of all annual cancer-related deaths worldwide and for 10%-20% of deaths from hepatobiliary ***(CCA) is a devastating disease that displays a poor survival rate for which few therapeutic options are *** genetics,geographical and environmental factors,cholelithiasis,obesity,parity,and endemic infection with liver flukes have been identified as risk factors that influence the development of biliary tract *** important factors affecting the carcinogenesis of these tumors include chronic inflammation,obstruction of the bile ducts,and impaired bile *** has been suggested that CCA is caused by infection with Helicobacter species,such as Helicobacter bilis and Helicobacter hepaticus,in a manner that is similar to the reported role of Helicobacter pylori in distal gastric *** to the difficulty in culturing these Helicobacter species,molecular methods,such as polymerase chain reaction and sequencing,or immunologic assays have become the methods of choice for ***,clinical studies of benign or malignant biliary tract diseases revealed remarkable variability in the methods and the findings,and the use of uniform and validated techniques is needed.

关键词： Helicobacter bilis Helicobacter hepaticus Helicoba

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Use of geochemical fingerprints to trace sediment sources in an agricultural catchment of Argentina

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 410-417页

作者： Romina torres Astorga Yanina Garcias Gisela Borgatello Hugo Velasco Román Padilla Gerd Dercon Lionel Mabit IMASL UNSLCONICET.Ejde los Andes 950San LuisArgentina nuclear Science and Instrumentation Laboratory Division of Physical and Chemical SciencesIAEASeibersdorfAustria Soil and Water Management&Crop nutrition Laboratory Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and AgricultureSeibersdorfAustria

Soil erosion and associated sediment redistribution are key environmental problems in Central *** land uses and management practices,such as intensive grazing and crop cultivation,are considered to be significantly driving and accelerating these *** research focuses on the identification of suitable soil tracers from hot spots of land degradation and sediment fate in an agricultural catchment of central Argentina with erodible loess *** Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence(EDXRF),elemental concentrations were determined and later used as soil tracers for geochemical *** best set of tracers were identified using two artificial mixtures composed of known proportions of soil sources collected from different lands having contrasting soil ***,calcium,iron,phosphorus,and titanium were identified for obtaining the best suitable reconstruction of source proportions in the laboratory-prepared artificial ***,these elements,as well as the total organic carbon,were applied for pinpointing critical hot spots of erosion within the studied *** were identified to be the main source of sediments,river banks and dirt roads together are the second most important *** investigation provides key information for optimizing soil conservation strategies and selecting land management practices and land uses which do not generate great contribution of sediment,preventing pollution of the waterways of the region.

关键词： Fingerprinting Geochemical elements Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence Soil erosion Mixing models

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Effect of magnesium on the aluminothermic reduction rate of zinc oxide obtained from spent alkaline battery anodes for the preparation of Al–Zn–Mg alloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第4期23卷 458-465页

作者： Rocio Ochoa Alfredo Flores Jesus torres Cinvestav-Saltillo

The aluminothermic reduction of zinc oxide（ZnO） from alkaline battery anodes using molten Al may be a good option for the elaboration of secondary 7000-series alloys. This process is affected by the initial content of Mg within molten Al, which decreases the surface tension of the molten metal and conversely increases the wettability of ZnO particles. The effect of initial Mg concentration on the aluminothermic reduction rate of ZnO was analyzed at the following values： 0.90wt%, 1.20wt%, 4.00t%, 4.25wt%, and 4.40wt%. The ZnO particles were incorporated by mechanical agitation using a graphite paddle inside a bath of molten Al maintained at a constant temperature of 1123 K and at a constant agitation speed of 250 r/min, the treatment time was 240 min and the ZnO particle size was 450？500 mesh. The results show an increase in Zn concentration in the prepared alloys up to 5.43wt% for the highest initial concentration of Mg. The reaction products obtained were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, and the efficiency of the reaction was measured on the basis of the different concentrations of Mg studied.

关键词： aluminothermic reduction alkaline batteries zinc oxide waste utilization aluminum zinc magnesium alloys

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Frequency Response Optimization of Dual Depletion InGaAs/InP PIn Photodiodes

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Photonic Sensors 2016年第1期6卷 63-70页

作者： J. M. torres PEREIRA Joao Paulo n. torres Instituto de Telecomunicacoes Instituto Superior Tecnico-Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal

The frequency response of a dual depletion p-i-n （PIn） photodiode structure is investigated. It is assumed that the light is incident on the n side and the drift region is located between the n contact and the absorption region. The numerical model takes into account the transit time and the capacitive effects and is applied to photodiodes with non-uniform illumination and linear electric field profile. With an adequate choice of the device＇s structural parameters, dual depletion photodiodes can have larger bandwidths than the conventional PIn devices.

关键词： PIn photodiodes dual depletion frequency response modeling

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