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Prevalence and outcomes of pediatric surgical conditions at Connaught Hospital in Freetown:a retrospective study

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第1期6卷 1-7页

作者： Henang Kwasau Juliana Kamanda Aiah Lebbie Cesia Cotache-Condor Pamela Espinoza Andie Grimm naomi wright Emily Smith Department of Community Health College of Medicine and Allied Health SciencesUniversity of Sierra LeoneFreetownSierra Leone Department of Surgery Duke School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke Global Health Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke Center for Global Surgery and Health Equity Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Public Health Baylor UniversityWacoTexasUSA King’s Centre for Global Health and Health Partnerships King's College LondonLondonUK Department of Emergency Medicine Duke School of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Background Sub-Saharan Africa experiences a disproportionate amount of pediatric surgical disease,with 80%of children lacking access to timely,affordable,and safe surgical *** study aims to characterize the burden of disease and outcomes of pediatric surgical conditions at Connaught Hospital,the main pediatric referral hospital in Sierra *** This retrospective and hospital-based study included children up to 15 years old who were operated on between 2015 and June 2016 at Connaught Hospital in Freetown,Sierra *** and inferential statistics were used to characterize the distribution of disease and compare all variables against age category and *** A total of 215 patients were included in this study of which 72.5%(n=132)were male and 27.5%(n=50)were *** of the patients were diagnosed with congenital anomalies(60.9%;n=131).However,infection was the leading diagnosis(60.5%;n=23)among patients aged 5–10 years(n=38).Inguinal hernia was the leading condition(65.0%;n=85)among patients presenting with a congenital *** condition with the highest mortality was infections(17.0%;n=8),followed by other conditions(9.1%;n=2)and congenital anomalies(3.1%;n=4).Based on the results of this study,over 7000 children with inguinal hernias remain untreated annually in Freetown,Sierra *** This study quantifies the burden of surgical disease among children,a foundational step toward the prioritization of pediatric surgical care in national health agendas,the development of evidence-based interventions,and the strategic allocation of resources in Sierra Leone.

关键词： surgical pediatric mortality

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Genes and proteins expressed at different life cycle stages in the model protist Euplotes vannus revealed by both transcriptomic and proteomic approaches

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 232-248页

作者： Yaohan Jiang Xiao Chen Chundi Wang Liping Lyu Saleh A.Al-Farraj naomi A.Stover Feng Gao Key Laboratory of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity (Ministry of Education) and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Marine College Shandong University Zoology Department College of ScienceKing Saud University Department of Biology Bradley University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center

Sexual reproduction first appeared in unicellular protists and has continued to be an essential biological process in almost all *** protists, which contain both germline and somatic genomes within a single cell, have evolved a special form of sexual reproduction called conjugation that involves mitosis, meiosis, fertilization, nuclear differentiation, genome rearrangement, and the development of unique cellular structures. The molecular basis and mechanisms of conjugation vary dramatically among ciliates, and many details of the process and its regulation are still largely unknown. In order to better comprehend these processes and mechanisms from an evolutionary perspective, this study provides the first comprehensive overview of the transcriptome and proteome profiles during the entire life cycle of the newly-established marine model ciliate Euplotes vannus. Transcriptome analyses from 14 life cycle stages(three vegetative stages and 11 sexual stages) revealed over 26,000 genes that are specifically expressed at different stages, many of which are related to DNA replication,transcription, translation, mitosis, meiosis, nuclear differentiation, and/or genome rearrangement. Quantitative proteomic analyses identified 338 proteins with homologs associated with conjugation and/or somatic nuclear development in other ciliates, including dicer-like proteins, Hsp90 proteins, RNA polymerase Ⅱ and transcription elongation factors, ribosomal-associated proteins, and ubiquitin-related proteins. Four of these homologs belong to the PIWI family, each with different expression patterns identified and confirmed by RT-qPCR,which may function in small RNA-mediated genome rearrangement. Proteins involved in the nonhomologous end-joining pathway are induced early during meiosis and accumulate in the developing new somatic nucleus, where more than 80% of the germline sequences are eliminated from the somatic genome. A number of new candidate genes and proteins likely t

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X-ray spectroscopy of clusters of galaxies

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第8期12卷 973-994页

作者： naomi Ota Department of Physics Nara Women’s University KitauoyanishimachiNaraNara 630-8506Japan

Clusters of galaxies are the most massive objects in the Universe and precise knowledge of their mass structure is important to understand the history of structure formation and constrain still unknown types of dark contents of the Universe. X-ray spectroscopy of galaxy clusters provides rich information about the physical state of hot intracluster gas and the underlying potential structure. In this paper, starting from the basic description of clusters under equilibrium conditions, we review properties of clusters revealed primarily through X-ray observations considering their thermal and dynamical evolutions. The future prospects of cluster studies using upcoming X-ray missions are also mentioned.

关键词： galaxies: clusters: general -- galaxies: intergalactic medium -- X-rays:galaxies: clusters -- cosmology: observations -- cosmology: dark matter

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Fulminant gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease concomitant with cytomegalovirus infection:Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第4期19卷 597-603页

作者： Hidetaka Okubo Naoyoshi Nagata naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kohnodai HospitalIchikawa 272-0827ChibaJapan

Here,we report a case of fulminant gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease(GI-GVHD) with cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection in 44-year-old *** the difficulties associated with the treatment of GIGVHD and GI-CMV disease,the mucosal findings and the clinical course showed marked improvements during long-term clinical *** endoscopic findings were remarkable,with diffuse sloughing mucosa in the stomach and highly active inflammation and deep discrete ulcers throughout the *** in the CMV quantitative polymerase chain reaction results were correlated with the endoscopic mucosal findings and were useful for assessing the efficacy of the *** a definite diagnosis of GI-GVHD is generally made by endoscopy with biopsy,the gross appearance of this disease can vary depending on the *** this paper,we also conduct a literature review of patients with GI-GVHD.

关键词： Acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease Allogenic stem-cell transplantation Cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease Cytomegaloviruspolymerase chain reaction Endoscopy

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A Note on the Behaviour of the Number Field Sieve in the Medium Prime Case: Smoothness of Norms

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2018年第1期23卷 138-145页

作者： BENGER naomi CHARLEMAGNE Manuel 陈克非 School of Mathematical Sciences University of Adelaide University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Science Hangzhou Normal University

As we examine the behaviour of the number field sieve(NFS) in the medium prime case, we notice various patterns that can be exploited to improve the running time of the sieving stage. The contributions of these observations to the computational mathematics community are twofold. Firstly, we clarify the understanding of the true practical effectiveness of the algorithm. Secondly, we propose a test for a better choice of the polynomials used in the NFS. These results are of particular interest to cryptographers as the run-time of the NFS directly determines the security level of some discrete logarithm problem based protocols.

关键词： number field sieve(NFS) pairing friendly elliptic curves polynomial selection

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Agent-based models reveal limits of mark-release-recapture estimates for the rare butterfly, Bhutanitis thaidina (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 550-566页

作者： Zhengyang Wang Yuanheng Li Anuj Jain naomi E.Pierce Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138 USA

Insect diversity and abundance are in drastic decline worldwide,but quantifying insect populations to better conserve them is a difficult ***-release-recapture(MRR)is widely used as an ecological indicator for insect populations,but the accuracy of MRR estimates can vary with factors such as spatial scale,sampling effort and models of *** conducted a 3-year MRR study of *** in Yanzigou valley,*** but failed to obtain sufficient data for a robust population *** prompted us to integrate *** life history information to parameterize agent-based models and evaluate the conditions under which successful MRR studies could be *** evaluated:(1)the performance of MRR models under different landscape types,and(2)the influence of experimental design on the accuracy and variance of MRR-based *** simulations revealed systematic underestimates of true population parameters by MRR models when sampling effort was *** a total of 2772 simulations,subjective decisions in sampling protocol(e.g.,frequency,number of sampling locations,use of spatially explicit models,type of estimands)accounted for nearly half of the variation in *** conclude that MRR-based estimates could be improved with the addition of more field-specific parameters.

关键词： agent-based simulation Aristolochia moupinensis habitat hostplant landscape Mt.Gongga program MARK spatially explicit capture-recapture(SECR)

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BME2.1: The Need for a Systems Approach to Addressing Race-Based Disparities in Health and Health Care

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 100-102页

作者： naomi C.Chesler Gilda A.Barabino Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering Samueli School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Olin College of Engineering NeedhamMAUSA

The recent article by Miller et al.[1]in BMEF on reimagining the Biomedical Engineering(BME)curriculum of the future proposes several exciting and transformative core *** include(a)incorporating modern molecular biology and analytical/computational modeling,(b)providing instruction in data science fundamentals,(c)integrating clinical needs for innovation and translation,(d)fostering an educational culture of inclusive excellence,and(e)ensuring that new research discoveries inform the core curriculum.

关键词： integrating translation culture

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Azacitidine decreases reactive oxygen species production in peripheral white blood cells:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第22期8卷 5657-5662页

作者： Hidekazu Hasunuma naomi Shimizu Hiromitsu Yokota Ichiro Tatsuno Department of Blood Transfusion Toho University Medical Center Sakura HospitalSakura 2858741Japan Department of Hematology Toho University Medical Center Sakura HospitalSakura 2858741Japan Clinical Laboratory Program Education Development CenterFaculty of Science Toho UniversityFunabashi 2748510Japan Center for Diabetes Metabolism and EndocrinologyToho University Medical Center Sakura HospitalSakura 2858741Japan

BACKGROUND In myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS),oxidative stress is closely related to iron overload and DNA damage.A recent study suggested the possibility that increased oxidative stress causes not only iron overload but also disease progression of MDS with DNA *** present a case of MDS with decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS)production in peripheral white blood cells(WBCs)and decreased diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites(d-ROMs)in serum after azacitidine *** SUMMARY A 74-year-old man presented to the hematological department with the chief complaint of *** vital signs were within normal limits at admission with a heart rate of 80 bpm and blood pressure of 135/60 *** tests indicated pancytopenia,a WBC count of 2190 cells/μL,a hemoglobin level of 6.2 g/dL and a platelet count of 7.4×104/μ*** patient was diagnosed with MDS with fibrosis after a bone marrow *** case showed decreased ROS production in WBCs,d-ROMs in serum and Wilms’tumor 1 after azacitidine therapy,after which his hematopoiesis *** Azacitidine therapy can improve hematopoiesis and decrease ROS and d-ROM production.

关键词： Myelodysplastic syndrome Reactive oxygen species Diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites Ferritin Azacitidine Case report

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Insight into endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1407-1408页

作者： naomi Hartopp Andrea Markovinovic Christopher CJ Miller Patricia Gomez-Suaga Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceLondonUK Universidad de Extremadura.Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia OcupacionalCáceresSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ(CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCⅢ) MadridSpain Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura(INUBE) CáceresSpain

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) is a fastprogressing fatal neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of motor neuron *** is currently no cure and approximately 90% of cases are *** shares genetic causes,clinical and neuropathological features with frontotemporal dementia,the second most common form of presenile *** and frontotemporal dementia are therefore considered a disease spectrum(Abramzon et al.,2020).

关键词： senile sclerosis

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The interstellar medium:the key component in galactic evolution and modern cosmology

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第2期19卷 5-14页

作者： Carl Heiles Di Li naomi McClure-Griffiths Lei Qian Shu Liu Department of Astronomy University of CaliforniaBerkeley National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of FAST National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Research School for Astronomy & Astrophysics Australian National University

The gases of the interstellar medium(ISM) possess orders of magnitude more mass than those of all the stars combined and are thus the prime component of the baryonic Universe. With L-band surface sensitivity even better than the planned phase one of the Square Kilometre Array(SKA1), the Five-hundredmeter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST) promises unprecedented insights into two of the primary components of ISM, namely, atomic hydrogen(HI) and the hydroxyl molecule(OH). Here, we discuss the evolving landscape of our understanding of ISM, particularly, its complex phases, the magnetic fields within, the so-called dark molecular gas(DMG), high velocity clouds and the connection between local and distant ISM. We lay out, in broad strokes, several expected FAST projects, including an all northern-sky high-resolution HI survey(22 000 deg2, 3′FWHM beam, 0.2 km s^(-1)), targeted OH mapping, searching for absorption and maser signals, etc. Currently under commissioning, the commensal observing mode of FAST will be capable of simultaneously obtaining HI and pulsar data streams, making large-scale surveys in both science areas more efficient.

关键词： ISM:atoms ISM:individual(hydrogen) ISM:molecules ISM:evolution surveys

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