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Characterization of tungiasis infection and morbidity using thermography in Kenya revealed higher disease burden during COVID-19 school closures

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 120-121页

作者： Lynne Elson Abneel K.Matharu naomi Riithi Paul Ouma Francis Mutebi Hermann Feldmeier Jürgen Krücken Ulrike Fillinger KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Kilifi Kenya Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology Human Health Theme Nairobi Kenya College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda Institute of Microbiology Infectious Diseases and Immunology Charité University Medicine Berlin Germany Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

Background Tungiasis is a neglected tropical skin disease caused by the sand flea Tunga *** fleas penetrate the skin,particularly at the feet,and cause severe *** study aimed to characterize disease burden in two highly affected regions in Kenya,to test the use of thermography to detect tungiasis-associated inflammation and to create a new two-level classification of disease severity suitable for mapping,targeting,and monitoring *** From February 2020 to April 2021,3532 pupils age 8–14 years were quasi-randomly selected in 35 public primary schools and examined for tungiasis and associated *** the infected pupils,266 were quasi-randomly selected and their households visited,where an additional 1138 family members were *** was assessed using infra-red thermography.A Clinical score was created combining the number of locations on the feet with acute and chronic symptoms and infra-red *** The overall prevalence of tungiasis among all the school pupils who were randomly selected during survey rounds 1 and 3 was 9.3%[95%confidence interval(CI):8.4–10.3].Based on mixed effects logistic models,the odds of infection with tungiasis among school pupils was three times higher in Kwale(coastal Kenya)than in Siaya[western Kenya;adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=0.36,95%CI:0.18–0.74];three times higher in males than in females(aOR=3.0,95%CI:2.32–3.91)and three times lower among pupils sleeping in a house with a concrete floor(aOR=0.32,95%CI:0.24–0.44).The odds of finding an infected person among the household population during surveys before the COVID-19 pandemic was a third(aOR=0.32,95%CI:0.19–0.53)of that when schools were closed due to COVID-19 restrictions and approximately half(aOR=0.44,95%CI:0.29–0.68)in surveys done after school re-opening(round 3).Infection intensity was positively correlated with inflammation as measured by thermography(Spearman’s rho=0.68,P<0.001)and with the clinical score(rho=0

关键词： Tungiasis Neglected tropical diseases Thermography Morbidity Child COVID-19 Kenya

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A case of systemic lupus erythematous （SLE） and atypical cutaneous involvement

A case of systemic lupus erythematous （SLE） and atypical c...

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The 8th International Congress on SLE

作者： naomi Rothfield University of Connecticut Health Center FarmingtonConnecticutUSA

＜正＞Purpose:To describe a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus（SLE）and atypical cutaneous involvement. Methods:Chart and literature reviewed. Results:Patient was admitted to an outside hospital with fever,mal...

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RASSF1AMethylation Status and BRAF V600E Immunohistochemical Expression in Odontogenic Lesions

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Open Journal of Pathology 2020年第3期10卷 93-107页

作者： Chatchaphan Udompatanakorn naomi Yada Kou Matsuo Division of Oral Pathology Department of Health Promotion Kyushu Dental University Kitakyushu Japan Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine Faculty of Dentistry Srinakharinwirot University Bangkok Thailand

Background: The etiology and pathogenesis of odontogenic lesions remain to be determined. Previous studies have identified epigenetic and genetic alterations that may be relevant to lesions progression and development. Hypermethylation of the Ras association domain family protein 1A (RASSF1A) has been observed in a variety of human cancers. However, the methylation status of RASSF1A in odontogenic lesions remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of RASSFA promoter hypermethylation and v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B V600E mutant (BRAF V600E) expression as well as the correlations between these alterations and clinicopathological features of patients with odontogenic lesions. Methods: We subjected 66 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded odontogenic lesions [ameloblastoma (AM), 21;ameloblastic carcinoma (AC), 6;odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), 19;and dentigerous cyst (DC), 20] to methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction to determine RASSF1A hypermethylation and immunohistochemistry to detect BRAF V600E protein expression. Results: We observed RASSF1A hypermethylation in 20% (4/20;methylation could not be detected in one lesion), 100% (6/6), 26.3% (5/19), and 5% (1/20) of AM, AC, OKC, and DC samples, respectively. RASSF1A methylation was significantly more frequently observed in AC relative to AM, OKC, and DC (p Conclusions: Concomitant RASSF1A methylation and positive BRAF V600E expression are commonly observed in AC, which may contribute to AC tumorigenesis.

关键词： Odontogenic Lesions DNA Methylation RASSF1A Immunohistochemistry BRAF V600E

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Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid Shortens the Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第4期2卷 301-303页

作者： Nakamichi Watanabe naomi Washio 不详

Dietary γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) has been suggested to decrease systolic blood pressure. This study aimed to ex-amine the effects of dietary GABA on the life span of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSPs). In this study, life span was determined for SHRSPs provided 1% NaCl solution or 0.01% GABA in 1% NaCl solution as drinking water. The life span of the GABA-fed group (76.3 ± 1.65 days) was significantly shorter than that of the control group (81.6 ± 0.88 days). The results of this study may not be applicable to humans. Future studies will be necessary to elucidate the mechanism underlying this phenomenon.

关键词： γ-Amino Butyric Acid Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Life Span

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Altered Calcium Handling in Peripheral Nerve Terminals and Blood Vessels in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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Health 2017年第2期9卷 317-322页

作者： naomi Iwane Yumi Koike Takuzo Hano Medical Education and Population-Based Medicine Wakayama Medical University Wakayama Japan

The present study was designed to clarify the roles of N-type and P/Q-type calcium channels in the increased sympathetic activity of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR/Izm). We also tested in SHR/Izm the contribution to increased vascular tone of α1A adrenoceptor-linked L-type calcium channels and α1B receptor-mediated calcium mobilization from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Methods: Six-week-old SHR/Izm and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY/Izm) were used. A superior mesenteric arterial preparation was electrically stimulated before and after treatment with ω-conotoxin GVIa (N-type calcium channel blocker [CgTX]) and ω-agatoxinIVa (P/Q-type calcium channel blocker [AgaTX]). Pressor response to norepinephrine was measured before and after treatment with the α1A blocker WB-4101 and the α1B blocker chloroethyl clonidine (CEC). To determine the intracellular calcium store size, the effects of ryanodine on pressor response and caffeine-induced vascular contraction were also tested. Results: Norepinephrine overflow evoked by electrical stimulation was increased in SHR/Izm. CgTX but not AgaTX suppressed the increased NE overflow in SHR/Izm. WB-4101 suppressed the pressor response to norepinephrine in SHR/Izm but not WKY/Izm rats. CEC had no effects on pressor response to norepinephrine in both types of rats. Caffeine-induced contraction to a high potassium-induced maximal contraction ratio was reduced in SHR/Izm. The effect of ryanodine on pressor response was reduced in SHR/Izm. Conclusion: N-type calcium channels but not P/Q-type calcium channels play an important role in the increased sympathetic tone in SHR/ Izm. Although α1A adrenoceptor-linked L-type calcium channels contribute to the increased vascular tone, the intracellular calcium store size was reduced in SHR/Izm.

关键词： Hypertension Calcium Sympathetic Nerve Blood Vessel

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Ultrasonic Image Registration for Multi-Frequency Analysis

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Open Journal of Acoustics 2013年第3期3卷 1-8页

作者： naomi Yagi Tomomoto Ishikawa Yutaka Hata Graduate School of Engineering University of Hyogo Himeji Japan Ishikawa Hospital Himeji Japan WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center Osaka University Osaka Japan

This paper describes ultrasonic image registration for multi-frequency analysis. The goal of our research is the portable and real time brain diagnosis under the thick-skull. The choice of ultrasonic frequency is a trade-off between spatial image resolution and imaging depth. This study shows the usability of data synthesis by employing two different frequency ultrasounds. In the first part of this study, using Fast Fourier Transform, we conclude that the synthesized image was produced from two ultrasonic images of individual objects. The purpose of the second approach of the data synthesis is to investigate three methods of ultrasonic imaging. This approach is particular interest for the design of further study intending to visualize any defects by ultrasonic methods. As the results, the synthesized image with Wavelet transform has higher efficiency than the other synthesized ones for the bone and the sulcus. In summary, this study indicates that the ultrasonic synthesized image is useful to visualize the imitated brain area. This observation is encouraging for further studies of evaluating brain for patients.

关键词： Ultrasound Human Brain Data Synthesis Fourier Transform Wavelet Transform

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The “Brain Drain”: Factors influencing physician migration to Canada

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Health 2013年第1期5卷 125-137页

作者： Aisha Lofters Morgan Slater naomi Thulien Department of Family and Community Medicine St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto Cnada Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Canada Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing University of Toronto Toronto Canada

Context: Higher income countries have an average physician density of 300 physicians per 100,000 people. In stark contrast, lower income countries have an average physician density of 17 physicians per 100,000 people. A major cause of this discrepancy is the migration of healthcare professionals from lower income to higher income countries, a phenomenon colloquially known as the “brain drain”. Objective: To explore factors that led International Medical Graduate (IMG) physicians to leave their home countries and migrate to Canada. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire with a mix of open- and close-ended questions was sent to 500 randomly selected IMG physicians practicing in Ontario, Canada. Results were analyzed using a mixed-method design utilizing both descriptive statistics and a thematic analysis approach. Results: 39 physicians met inclusion criteria and completed the survey. The majority were 50 years or older, and over 60% were male. The most common reason for emigration from their home country was the socioeconomic and/or political situation, and the most common reason for selecting Canada was family issues. Suggestions for how brain drain could be stemmed fell into three broad categories: 1) more accurate information about lack of opportunities in Canada, 2) more continuing medical education opportunities in home countries, and 3) address issues such as safety and quality of life in home countries. Conclusions: This survey provides insights into the reasons for emigration and immigration for international medical graduates. The results of this survey can assist stakeholders in working toward appropriate and acceptable solutions to the brain drain.

关键词： Brain Drain International Medical Graduates Migration

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Participation in Daily Activities among Working Women Following Breast Cancer

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2016年第3期4卷 150-162页

作者： Khawla Loubani-Hawaita naomi Schreuer Uzi Milman Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences University of Haifa Mount Carmel Haifa Israel Department of Occupational Therapy Clalit Health Services Haifa and Western Galilee Israel Clinical Research Unit Clalit Health Services Haifa and Western Galilee District Haifa Israel Department of Family Medicine Faculty of Medicine Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel

Introduction: This study aimed to identify the variables explaining retained activity level for working women with breast cancer;the variables correlating with their performance in daily activities they prioritize;and factors facilitating or restricting their return to work. Method: Sixty working women with breast cancer aged 25 - 65 years completed a personal data questionnaire, the modified Activity Card Sort, the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure;and two open- ended questions about facilitators and barriers to work. Results: Activity levels dropped by a quarter following BC treatments. Most women (67%) decreased their weekly working hours, although a third identified work as their highest priority. A higher total retained activity level was explained by fewer limitations on the range of motion (upper extremity), age younger than 45 years, and higher educational attainment. Cognitive limitations and limited range of motion negatively correlated with retained activity level at work. Personal and disease factors, job demands, and environmental factors facilitated or restricted return to work. Conclusion: Interventions should focus on physical and cognitive rehabilitation to regain functioning in the context of work and productive daily activities. Special attention should be paid to the greater needs of younger women.

关键词： Breast Cancer Participation Meaningful Daily Activities Working Women

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Naso-jejunal tube insertion-interface between radiology and endoscopy

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World Journal of Radiology 2017年第11期9卷 413-415页

作者： naomi Riddel Mo Hameed Thoufeeq Peterborough Hospitals NHS Trust Department of Endoscopy Sheffield Teaching Hospitals

A survey was performed to identify the practice associated with endoscopic placement of naso-jejunal(NJ) tubes. We had a total of 236 responses, of which 228 responded to the frequency of requesting X-rayafter placing NJ tubes. The responses suggested that there was a strong variation in the practice. The practice was independent on clinicians' area of interest, hospital setting or experience in endoscopy. Currently there are no accepted guidelines on this. Hence, we advise hospitals to have robust local guidelines until there is internationally agreed consensus.

关键词： Decision making X-rays Naso-jejunal tube Nutrition Documentation

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How to Deal with Roommate Conflicts

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考试与评价（英语高考专刊） 2017年第5期 26-27,74页

作者： naomi Rockler-Gladen 文远不详山东济南

在大学生活中，舍友间的“摩擦”很正常。每个人日常的生活习惯、性格都不尽相同，“相看两厌”导致的语言冲突也在所难免。与舍友发生小摩擦，一定要及时解决处理，否则后患无穷。

关键词：高中英语课外阅读阅读材料

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