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Factors Determining the Detection Time to Flavor in Healthy Adults

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第3期4卷 114-119页

作者： Satomi Miyaoka Takako Yamazaki naoko ito Yozo Miyaoka Department of Eating Disorder and Dysphagia Graduate School of Rehabilitation Niigata University of Rehabilitation 2-16 Kaminoyama Murakami Japan Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare 1398 Shimami-cho Kita-ku Niigata Japan

This study analyzed the factors responsible for determining the flavor detection time for chewed semi-solid foods. Thirteen healthy young adults (eight males and five females) were asked to chew gummy candies with five different fruit flavors (i.e., apple, grape, orange, pear, and strawberry) in a random order. The detection time to flavor was measured using an electromyography-based system, which was recently developed by the authors. Briefly, each participant was recorded with surface masseter electromyograms on both sides to determine the start of chewing. Each participant was asked to press a button as soon as possible with his/her preferred hand after detecting the flavor. The time elapsed between the start of chewing and the button press was measured. Two taste components, sugars and organic acids, of the gummy candies were chemically analyzed, and two major sugars and organic acid were individually detected. The odor intensity was also analyzed for the gummy candies. The average detection time significantly differed among the five gummy candies and among the participants. Simple regression analyses revealed that the intensity of the odors was significantly associated with the average time intervals, but the amounts of the two major sugars and the organic acids were not. The analysis yielded the following equation for the regression estimation:?? (y = the time interval, x = the intensity of odors). The results suggest that the intensity of odors of the gummy candies, not the taste components, is responsible for determining the flavor detection time.

关键词： Flavor Detection Time Semi-Solid Food Masseter Electromyogram Chewing Human

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The Effect of Masseter Activity Patterns during Chewing on Suprahyoid Activity in Subsequent Chewing Cycles

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第2期4卷 69-74页

作者： Yozo Miyaoka Ichiro Ashida Hajime Iwamori Shin-ya Kawakami Takako Yamazaki naoko ito Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Department of Health and Nutrition University of Niigata Prefecture Niigata Japan

Few studies have evaluated the effects of activity patterns of the jaw closing muscles assessed by specific parameters on jaw opening in subsequent cycles during the chewing of food. The objective of this study was to quantitatively analyze the effect of the masseter (jaw closer) activity patterns on suprahyoid (jaw opener) activity during subsequent cycles. The assessments were performed while participants naturally chewed six test foods that differed in size dimensions and textural properties. Surface electromyograms of the masseter (on the habitual working side) and suprahyoid muscles were recorded in ten healthy young adults, each of whom randomly received one of the six test foods. The activity patterns were assessed using three parameters specifically developed for their quantification. Changes in suprahyoid activity during each of the subsequent chewing cycles were examined by three amplitudinal (minimum, maximum, and net values of the integrated suprahyoid electromyogram) parameters and one durational (active duration) parameter. The main finding was that two of the three activity pattern parameters had a statistically significant effect only on the three amplitudinal parameters in three of the six test foods. These results suggest that masseter activity patterns partially affect suprahyoid activity during subsequent chewing cycles and that the effect is food dependent. A possible neural mechanism responsible for this effect is presented.

关键词： Masseter Activity Pattern Suprahyoid Textural Property Chewing Adult

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Quantitative Analysis of Relationships between Masseter Activity during Chewing and Textural Properties of Foods

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第2期4卷 144-149页

作者： Yozo Miyaoka Ichiro Ashida Yuko Tamaki Shin-ya Kawakami Hajime Iwamori Takako Yamazaki naoko ito Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Department of Health and Nutrition University of Niigata Prefecture Niigata Japan.

The aim of this study was to quantify the relationships between four physiological parameters of masseter activity during chewing and properties related to the sizes and textures of the six representative test foods. The physiological parameters analyzed were the number of chewing cycles, chewing time, masseter amplitude, and cycle duration, which were obtained from masseter surface electromyography recorded in ten (seven male and three female) healthy, young participants. The six test foods differed in size dimensions (length, width, and height) and in textural properties (hardness, fracturability, and adhesiveness). The quantitative relationships were examined using linear regression. Nine statistically significant regression coefficients were found between the four physiological parameters and the textural properties, but not the height, of the test foods. From the regression coefficients, contributions of the food properties to the physiological parameters were estimated. Individual relationships between the physiological parameters and textural properties of the test foods are discussed in relation to their physiological implications.

关键词： Surface Electromyogram Masseter Physiological Parameters Chewing Textural Properties Human

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Classification of Masseter Activity Patterns during Chewing in Healthy Young Adults: The Effect of Taste Signals

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第5期3卷 432-439页

作者： Yozo Miyaoka Ichiro Ashida Takako Yamazaki naoko ito Yuko Tamaki Shin-ya Kawakami Hajime Iwamori Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Department of Health and Nutrition University of Niigata Prefecture Niigata Japan

This study examined the effects of the textural properties and chemical components of foods on masseter activity patterns. Ten healthy young participants (seven men and three women) were asked to chew four gummy candies with different flavors while their masseter activities were recorded by a surface electromyogram. The masseter activity patterns during chewing were analyzed quantitatively using a TP technique, generating three TP values (T25, T50 and T75). The textural analysis included four representative properties, and six sugars and four organic acids were tested in the chemical analysis. The hierarchical cluster analysis classified the T25 and T75 values into four subclusters and classified the T50 values into three subclusters. Two T75 subclusters differed significantly in the combined amounts of the two predominant sugars (sucrose and maltose);however, these T75 subclusters did not differ in their organic acid contents or textural properties. Therefore, sucrose and maltose affect masseter activity patterns during chewing, particularly in the later stage of masseter activity.

关键词： Taste Chewing Surface Electromyogram Masseter Activity Pattern Cluster Analysis Human

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冷酷的躯体——呵护瓶中的生命

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建筑实践 2010年第3期 100-103页

作者：张玉婧 naoko ito

自然界的生命总是美丽而脆弱的。当你爱上一朵花时,留下它继续绽放生命,还是带走它独自爱怜?这朵花的生命在与某人的一念之间,它或许积攒了一年的养分与精神等待舒展自己,但是带走她的那一刹那,她已然失去了颜色与希望,这就是naoko在Urb... 详细信息

自然界的生命总是美丽而脆弱的。当你爱上一朵花时,留下它继续绽放生命,还是带走它独自爱怜?这朵花的生命在与某人的一念之间,它或许积攒了一年的养分与精神等待舒展自己,但是带走她的那一刹那,她已然失去了颜色与希望,这就是naoko在Urban Nature 2009这一系列作品中想要表达的想法。人们在享受社会进步带来的舒适与便捷的同时又伤害和禁锢着自然。

关键词：生命鲜花系列作品 Nature 在自然中玻璃瓶躯体

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A nucleotide substitution at the 5′ splice site of intron 1 of rice HEADING DATE 1(HD1) gene homolog in foxtail millet, broadly found in landraces from Europe and Asia

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The Crop Journal 2015年第6期3卷 481-488页

作者： Kenji Fukunaga naoko Izuka Takehiro Hachiken Satoshi Mizuguchi Hidemi ito Katsuyuki Ichitani Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences Prefectural University of Hiroshima Faculty of Agriculture Kagoshima University

We investigated genetic variation of a rice HEADING DATE 1(HD1) homolog in foxtail ***, we searched for a rice HD1 homolog in a foxtail millet genome sequence and designed primers to amplify the entire coding sequence of the gene. We compared full HD1 gene sequences of 11 accessions(including Yugu 1, a Chinese cultivar used for genome sequencing) from various regions in Europe and Asia, found a nucleotide substitution at a putative splice site of intron 1, and designated the accessions with the nucleotide substitution as carrying a splicing variant. We verified by RT-PCR that this single nucleotide substitution causes aberrant splicing of intron 1. We investigated the geographical distribution of the splicing variant in 480 accessions of foxtail millet from various regions of Europe and Asia and part of Africa by d CAPS and found that the splicing variant is broadly distributed in Europe and Asia. Differences of heading times between accessions with wild type allele of the HD1 gene and those with the splicing variant allele were unclear. We also investigated variation in 13 accessions of ssp. viridis, the wild ancestor, and the results suggested that the wild type is predominant in the wild ancestor.

关键词： Foxtail millet Geographical distribution HD1(HEADING DATE 1) homolog Setaria italica Splice site

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Semaphorin 3A controls allergic and inflammatory responses in experimental allergic conjunctivitis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第1期8卷 1-10页

作者： Junmi Tanaka Hideo Tanaka Nobuhisa Mizuki Eiichi Nomura Norihiko ito naoko Nomura Masayuki Yamane Tomonobu Hida Yoshio Goshima Hiroshi Hatano Hisashi Nakagawa Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Graduate School of MedicineYokohama City University Department of Ophthalmology Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of Tokyo Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of MedicineKeio University Department of Environmental Immuno-Dermatology Graduate School of MedicineYokohama City University Hatano Eye Clinic 438-1 FujisawaFujisawa Kanagawaken 251-0052Japan Tokushima Eye Clinic 1-2-14 Fujimi-choHigashimurayamaTokyo 189-0024Japan

AIM: To assess the efficacy of topical Semaphorin 3A(SEMA3A) in the treatment of allergic ***: Experimental allergic conjunctivitis(EAC)mice model induced by short ragweed pollen(SRW) in 4-week-old of BALB/c mice, mice were evaluated using haematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining, immunofluor-escence and light microscope photographs. Early phase took the samples in 24 h after instillation and late phase took the samples between 4 to 14 d after the start of treatment. The study use of topical SEMA3A(10 U, 100 U,1000 U) eye drops and subconjunctival injection of SEMA3 A with same concentration. For comparison, five types of allergy eyedrops were quantified using clinical characteristics.· RESULTS: Clinical score of composite ocular symptoms of the mice treated with SEMA3 A were significantly decreased both in the immediate phase and the late phase compared to those treated with commercial ophthalmic formulations and non-treatment mice. SEMA3 A treatment attenuates infiltration of eosinophils entering into conjunctiva in EAC mice. The score of eosinophil infiltration in the conjunctiva of SEMA3 A 1000 U-treated group were significantly lower than low-concentration of SEMA3 A treated groups and non-treated group. SEMA3 A treatment also suppressed T-cell proliferation in vitro and decreased serum total Ig E levels in EAC mice. Moreover, treatment of SEMA3 A suppressed Th2-related cytokines(IL-5, IL-13 and IL-4)and pro-inflammatory cytokines(IFN-γ, IL-17 and TNF-α)release, but increased regulatory cytokine IL-10 concentration in the conjunctiva of EAC ***: SEMA3 A as a biological agent, showed the beneficial activity in ocular allergic processes with the less damage to the intraocular tissue. It is expected that SEMA3 A may be contributed in patients with a more severe spectrum of refractory ocular allergic diseases including allergic conjunctivitis in the near future.

关键词： Semaphorin 3A experimental allergic conjunctivitis eosinophil infiltration serum total Ig E cytokines instillation subconjunctival administration

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Role of Mash Ⅰ in Lung Growth and Differentiation using Mash Ⅰ Defictent Mice

Role of Mash Ⅰ in Lung Growth and Differentiation using Mas...

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Third Congress of the Asian-Pacific Organization for Cell Biology

作者： naoko UDAKA Takaaki ito Takayuki IKOMA Hitoshi KITAMURA Ryoichiro KAGEYAMA Pathol. Division Kanagawa Cardiovascular Respiratory Center6-16-1 TomiokahigashiKana/awa-kuYokohama Dept of Pathol. Yokohama City Univ Sch of Medicine3-9 FukuuraKanazawa-kuYokohama Institute for Virus Research.kyoto Univ. 53 Shougoin KawaramachiSakyou-kuKyotoJAPAN

In vertebrates,a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is homologous to the Drosophila achaete-scute complex plays a critical role in the development and differentiation in neural cells and neuroendocrine cells. In the lung, pulumonary neuroendoerine cells(PNEC) are distributed throughout the intraplumonary airway Trom the large bronehi to the alveolar duets, which occur

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Expression of semaphorin and related proteins in the fetal developing lungs: an immunohistochemical study

Expression of semaphorin and related proteins in the fetal d...

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Third Congress of the Asian-Pacific Organization for Cell Biology

作者： Takaaki ito naoko Udaka Hitoshi Kitamura Masako Moezono Yukio Sasaki Yoshio Goshima Departments of Pathology Yokohama City University School of Medicine. Yokohama 236-0004Japan Pharmacology Yokohama City University School of Medicine. Yokohama 236-0004 Japan

The semaphorin (Sema)/collapsin family of molecules plays an important role in axonal pathfinding during neuronal development by inhibiting growth cone *** is expressed in non-neuronal tissues including lung.

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Easy detecting signal of cognitive decline in healthy community-dwelling elderly people

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Health 2013年第12期5卷 19-23页

作者： Takeshi Hatta Taketoshi Hatta Chie Hotta Emi ito Akihiko Iwahara naoko Nagahara Junko Hatta Kazumi Fujiwara Nobuyuki Hamajima Aichigakuin University Nagoya Japan Gifu University of Medical Sciences Gifu Japan Kansai University of Welfare Sciences Osaka Japan Kansai University of Welfare Sciences Osaka Japan Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Wakayama Prefectural Medical University Wakayama Japan

The relationship between changes of elderly people’s participation in social activities and their cognitive functions was examined. Healthy, middle and upper-middle aged people (n = 407) responded to the Nagoya University Cognitive Assessment Battery and to a questionnaire inquiring about their participation in social activities. The results suggested that those whose participation in social activities increased in the last 6 months showed better verbal functioning than those whose participation was unchanged or decreased. Moreover, those whose social participation decreased showed inferior memory function compared to those whose social participation was unchanged, or increased. Furthermore, those whose social participation increased had better information processing speed than those whose social participation decreased. These results suggest that changes in social activities might act as an important signal that is indicative of the cognitive decline in elderly people, which would be useful to local health care managers in the elderly people’s community.

关键词： Signal of Cognitive Decline Cognitive Aging Social Activity Memory Information Processing Speed Verbal Function

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