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Comparative Assay of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection Markers by Different Assay Kits^1

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2000年第3期13卷 198-204页

作者： SHINICHIRO SHIMBO, ZHANG ZUO WEN, QU JIANG BIN , TAKAO WATANABE  , HARUO MAKATSUKA △, naoko MATSUDA INOGUCHI △, KAE HIGASHIKAWA □, AND MASAYUKI IKEDA △, 2 Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Women’s University, Kyoto 6 Kyoto Women’s University 日本 Kyoto 6058501 山东医科大学山东济南 250012 Miyagi University of Education 日本 Sendai 9800845 Miyagi University 日本 Taiwa cho 9813298 Kyoto Industrial Health Association 日本 Kyoto 6048472

In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rural areas in northeast China. The number of positive cases to the three infection markers on HBV (i.e., HBsAg +, anti HBs +, and anti HBc +) and the one on HCV (anti HCV +) were examined in two laboratories, i.e., in Laboratory A with EIA kits produced in China and in Laboratory B with RIA kits. HCV infection positivity (anti HCV +) was examined by EIA kits in both laboratories, but from different sources in and outside of China, respectively. The assay in Laboratory A gave 2 HBsAg + cases out of the 100 cases examined, whereas there were 9 positive cases in Laboratory B. In contrast, 19 cases were positive to anti HCV when examined in Laboratory A, and there were 3 cases in Laboratory B. Thus, the kits used in Laboratory A gave fewer HBsAg + and more anti HCV + cases than the kits used in Laboratory B. The prevalence of anti HBs + or anti HBc + and cases did not differ when assayed in the two laboratories with EIA and RIA kits, respectively. The agreement of positive and negative findings between the two sets of testing were 93%, 93%, 93%, 86% and 82% for HBsAg, anti HBs, anti HBc, HBV (i.e., either positive to anyone of the three markers or negative to all three markers), and anti HCV, respectively. The implication of the observation on epidemiology on HBV and HCV infection prevalence was discussed.

关键词： Wang Li Zhang Markers by Different Assay Kits~1 Comparative Assay of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection Chen

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Factors Determining the Detection Time to Flavor in Healthy Adults

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第3期4卷 114-119页

作者： Satomi Miyaoka Takako Yamazaki naoko Ito Yozo Miyaoka Department of Eating Disorder and Dysphagia Graduate School of Rehabilitation Niigata University of Rehabilitation 2-16 Kaminoyama Murakami Japan Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare 1398 Shimami-cho Kita-ku Niigata Japan

This study analyzed the factors responsible for determining the flavor detection time for chewed semi-solid foods. Thirteen healthy young adults (eight males and five females) were asked to chew gummy candies with five different fruit flavors (i.e., apple, grape, orange, pear, and strawberry) in a random order. The detection time to flavor was measured using an electromyography-based system, which was recently developed by the authors. Briefly, each participant was recorded with surface masseter electromyograms on both sides to determine the start of chewing. Each participant was asked to press a button as soon as possible with his/her preferred hand after detecting the flavor. The time elapsed between the start of chewing and the button press was measured. Two taste components, sugars and organic acids, of the gummy candies were chemically analyzed, and two major sugars and organic acid were individually detected. The odor intensity was also analyzed for the gummy candies. The average detection time significantly differed among the five gummy candies and among the participants. Simple regression analyses revealed that the intensity of the odors was significantly associated with the average time intervals, but the amounts of the two major sugars and the organic acids were not. The analysis yielded the following equation for the regression estimation:?? (y = the time interval, x = the intensity of odors). The results suggest that the intensity of odors of the gummy candies, not the taste components, is responsible for determining the flavor detection time.

关键词： Flavor Detection Time Semi-Solid Food Masseter Electromyogram Chewing Human

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Validation of general linear modeling for identifying factors associated with Quality of Life: A comparison with structural equation modeling

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Health 2013年第11期5卷 1884-1888页

作者： naoko Kumagai Motonori Hatta Yashiyasu Okuhara Hideki Origasa Center of Medical Information Science Kochi Medical School Kochi Japan Data Management Actelion Pharmaceuticals Japan Ltd. Tokyo Japan Division of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology School of Medicine University of Toyama Toyama Japan Integrated Center for Advanced Medical Technologies Kochi Medical School Kochi Japan Center of Medical Information Science Kochi Medical School Kochi Japan

Purpose: General linear modeling (GLM) is usually applied to investigate factors associated with the domains of Quality of Life (QOL). A summation score in a specific sub-domain is regressed by a statistical model including factors that are associated with the sub-domain. However, using the summation score ignores the influence of individual questions. Structural equation modeling (SEM) can account for the influence of each question’s score by compositing a latent variable from each question of a sub-domain. The objective of this study is to determine whether a conventional approach such as GLM, with its use of the summation score, is valid from the standpoint of the SEM approach. Method: We used the Japanese version of the Maugeri Foundation Respiratory Failure Questionnaire, a QOL measure, on 94 patients with heart failure. The daily activity sub-domain of the questionnaire was selected together with its four accompanying factors, namely, living together, occupation, gender, and the New York Heart Association’s cardiac function scale (NYHA). The association level between individual factors and the daily activity sub-domain was estimated using SEM?and GLM, respectively. The standard partial regression coefficients of GLM and standardized path coefficients of SEM were compared. If?these coefficients were similar (absolute value of the difference -0.06 and -0.07 for the GLM and SEM. Likewise, the estimates of occupation, gender, and NYHA were -0.18 and -0.20, -0.08 and -0.08, 0.51 and 0.54, respectively. The absolute values of the difference for each factor were 0.01, 0.02, 0.00, and 0.03, respectively. All differences were less than 0.05. This means that these two approaches lead to similar conclusions. Conclusion: GLM is a valid method for exploring association factors with a domain in QOL.

关键词： General Liner Modeling Latent Variable Standardized Path Coefficient Standard Partial Regression Coefficient Structural Equation Modeling

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Introduction of Music Therapy Incorporated into Cognitive Remediation: A New Approach to Cognitive Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders and a Preliminary Report on Its Effects in Schizophrenia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2019年第1期9卷 23-38页

作者： naoko Kosugi Chiaki Oshiyama Naoki Kodama Shin-Ichi Niwa Division of Healthcare Informatics Faculty of Healthcare Tokyo Healthcare University Tokyo Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Artificial Intelligence Research Center Tokyo Japan Department of Radiological Technology Faculty of Medical Technology Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Department of Psychiatry Aizu Medical Center Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan

Aim: Cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms interfere social participation in patients with schizophrenia. Cognitive remediation has proven effective for cognitive deficits. While there are few effective treatments for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, music therapy is expected to ameliorate negative symptoms. With the goal of improving both cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms, we originally developed a program of Music Therapy incorporated into Cognitive Remediation (MTCR). We introduce the MTCR program and our preliminary results of conducting MTCR in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: The program was based on the NEAR (neuropsychological educational approach to cognitive remediation) program. The MTCR program uses instrumental performances and ensemble vocal performances to train cognitive functions, which consists of 30 sessions in total, with each session being 60 minutes long (45 minutes of music, 15 minutes of verbal session). The participants attended sessions semiweekly in groups of fewer than 12 members. We measured the participants’ symptoms twice, before the intervention and after the final session. For both measurements, we used the BACS and BPRS. Thirty-six individuals (26 men, 10 women;average age of 42.4 years) with schizophrenia participated in this study. They participated in an average of 28.2 sessions. Results: BACS total scores (p Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that MTCR program can improve both cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms of patients with schizophrenia, which implies that it can also potentially facilitate the social participation of such patients.

关键词： Schizophrenia Cognitive Remediation Music Therapy Social Participation BACS BPRS

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Sexual Dimorphism in Pelvic Bone Shape of the North Pacific Common Minke Whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2016年第2期6卷 131-136页

作者： naoko Miyakawa Toshiya Kishiro Yoshihiro Fujise Gen Nakamura Hidehiro Kato Laboratory of Cetacean Biology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries Yokohama Japan Institute of Cetacean Research Tokyo Japan

Little is known about the morphology of the pelvic girdle of modern cetaceans, although many species have a vestigial pelvis (pelvic bone) and part of the hind limb bones inside the body. Previous studies have focused almost exclusively on hard tissues as well, despite the fact that the bones are comprised of cartilaginous tissue, especially in the case of femur. In the present study, we characterized the pelvic bones and searched for vestigial femurs among 43 North Pacific common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), all of which were sexually mature individuals. The shape of the pelvic bones clearly differs depending on sex. Specifically, the pelvic bones of females were flat, but those of adult males consist of two types: one with a twisted caudal portion (Twisted type) and the other with a thickened caudal portion (Hypertrophied type). Those pelvic bone features in male are found only among North Pacific common minke whales. 98% of the individuals in this study had vestigial femur. The presence rate of vestigial femur may differ by subspecies. The shape of the pelvic and hind limb bones of modern cetaceans may vary between species and probably by region, at least at the Ocean basin scale.

关键词： Pelvic Bone Femur Cartilage Common Minke Whale Sexual Dimorphism

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3D Numerical Simulation of Hair Formation Process Using a Particle Model

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Open Journal of Regenerative Medicine 2015年第1期4卷 1-5页

作者： Katsuya Nagayama Shogo Matsuoka naoko Morisaki Hiroyuki Taguchi Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan Kao Corporation Tochigi Japan

Hair is very important in determining human appearance. Although there are numerous observed data and experimental recordings for hair, a detailed mechanism of hair formation has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, in this study, a simulation of the method of formative process of hair roots was done using a 3D particle model. The model contains details of the cell growth from the hair matrix cells and changes from spherical to non-spherical oval shape. Simulation results were able to exhibit the hair formation process from the base of the hair follicle. Furthermore, at the surface opening of the follicle, the hair structure was recorded. Therefore, this model can be used to clarify the mechanism of hair root formation.

关键词： Numerical Simulation Hair Formation Particle Model

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Investigation of Antibiotic Use at a Dental Teaching Hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Review from Guidelines

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第5期5卷 524-531页

作者： Mayu Winnie Rachmawati naoko Yoshida Hirohito Tsuboi Kazuko Kimura Department of Drug Management and Policy Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan

Objective: To investigate prescription of antibiotics by dental practitioners at a dental teaching hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and to establish whether it conforms to major guidelines. Methods: A cross-sectional study of adult outpatients’ medical records was conducted in order to scrutinize antibiotic prescriptions. The results were compared with recommendations in four published guidelines. Results: Dental practitioners prescribed a wide range of antibiotics to treat 121 diagnoses. Amoxicillin (78.8%) was most commonly prescribed, followed by clindamycin (9.9%), metronidazole (5.0%), and lincomycin (2.1%). Among all prescriptions, 79.5% were for generic antibiotics. The most common diagnoses were dental pulp gangrene followed by dental pulp necrosis (26.7% and 8.8%, respectively). According to guidelines-1 through-4, the percentages of antibiotic prescriptions that were evaluated as appropriate for the reported diagnosis were 15.1%, 7.2%, 7.5%, and 16.3%, respectively. However, 9.9%, 84.0%, 83.7% and 67.8% of prescriptions could not be classified as appropriate or inappropriate because the respective guidelines neither listed the antibiotic nor gave statement regarding appropriate indications. Conclusion: Our results suggest that significant inappropriate antibiotic prescribing occurred at a dental teaching hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, according to major antibiotics guidelines. However, the four guidelines failed to list some antibiotics, failed to list indications for prescription in some cases, and were inconsistent in their recommendations. There is a need to introduce specific institutional guidelines. Our findings should be helpful for developing public health policy guidelines to minimize inappropriate antibiotic prescribing at dental hospitals.

关键词： Appropriateness Antibiotics Prescriptions Dental Teaching Hospital Guidelines

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Sizes of Anode and Cathode Affect Electricity Generation in Rice Paddy-Field Microbial Fuel Cells

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2016年第1期6卷 10-15页

作者： Nagayoshi Ueoka naoko Sese Mayu Sue Atsushi Kouzuma Kazuya Watanabe School of Life Sciences Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences Tokyo Japan Technical Research Institute Maeda Corporation Tokyo Japan

Rice paddy-field microbial fuel cells (RPF-MFCs) are devices that exploit rhizosphere bacteria to generate electricity from soil organic matter, including those excreted from roots. Previous studies have examined factors affecting electric outputs from RPF-MFCs and demonstrated that RPFMFC was able to generate electricity up to 80 mW·m-2 (based on the projected area of anode). The present study operated RPF-MFCs with different sizes of anodes and cathodes and examined how electrode sizes affected electricity generation. We show that anodes are the limiting factor for electricity generation immediately after commencing the operation, while cathodes become the limiting factor after anode performances are sufficiently increased. RPF-MFC achieved the maximum power density of 140 mW·m-2 (based on the projected area of anode), when the cathode is sufficiently larger than the anode. Results suggest that the cathode needs to be improved for eliciting the maximum capacity of rhizosphere bacteria for electricity generation in RPF-MFC.

关键词： Root Exudates Polarization Analyses Pyrosequencing 16S rRNA Gene Geobacter

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Relationship between Road Traffic Accidents and Drinking Habits in All 47 Prefectures of Japan

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2013年第3期3卷 190-193页

作者： Nobuyuki Miyatake naoko Tanaka Noriko Sakano Hiroshi Kinoshita Department of Forensic Medicine Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University Kagawa Japan Department of Hygiene Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University Kagawa Japan

We evaluated the road traffic accidents and drinking habits in all 47 prefectures of Japanby ecological study. Data on traffic accidents were obtained from Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications,Japan. Drinking habits were also obtained from Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare and The General Insurance Association of Japan. The effect of drinking on road traffic accidents was evaluated by ecological study. Road traffic accidents were 15442.0 ± 14404.9 deaths due to road traffic accidents were 103.5 ± 57.5 and injured subjects due to road traffic accidents were 19068.3 ± 17433.6 in 2010 inall 47 prefectures of Japan. Drinking habits was significantly and negatively correlated with injured subjects due to road traffic accidents. However, road traffic accidents due to drinking was positively correlated with injured subjects due to road traffic accidents (r = 0.492, p = 0.0004). In conclusion, drinking habits and road traffic accidents due to drunk driving were closely linked to injured subjects due to road traffic accidents inJapan.

关键词： Road Traffic Accidents Drinking Habits Ecological Study Japan

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Observation of Reciprocal Induced CD between Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles and Chiral Schiff Base Zn （11） Complexes with Parallel Dipole Moments

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2013年第5期7卷 390-394页

作者： naoko Kimura Hitoe Nishizuru Yoshikazu Aritake Takashiro Akitsu Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Tokyo 162-8601 Japan

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