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Urban-Rural Comparison of HBV and HCV Infection Prevalence in Eastern China

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2000年第4期13卷 243-253页

作者： QU JIANG-BIN ZHANG ZUO-WEN SHINICHIRO SHIMBO TAKAO WATANABE HARUO NAKATSUKA naoko MATSUDA-INOGUCHI KAE HIGASHIKAWA MASAYUKI IKEDA Department of Hygiene Faculty of Public HealthShandong Medical UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Food and Nutrition Kyoto Women’s UniversityKyoto 605-8501Japan Miyagi University of Education Senda 980-0845Japan Miyagi University Taiwa-cho 981-3298Japan Kyoto Industrial Health Association Kyoto 604-8472Japan

The present study was initiated to make an urban rural comparison of the prevalence of cases positive to hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers in densely populated eastern half of China. For this purpose, 10 survey sites were selected, i.e., six sites in urban areas (the city group; Beijing, Shanghai and four provincial capitals) and four sites in rural areas (the village group ; one village each in Jilin and Shandong Provinces, and two villages in Shaanxi Province). About 50 adult women per site volunteered to participate, from whom 494 valid blood samples were collected. Positivities to HBsAg (HBsAg +), anti HBs (anti HBs +) and anti HBc (anti HBc +) were examined by RIA methods, and that to anti HCV (anti HCV +) by either EIA or RIA. Those positive to any one of the three HBV infection markers were taken as HBV infection positive (HBV +). The prevalence of HBsAg +, HBV + and anti HBc + was 8%, 70% and 2.7% in the city group, and 8%, 65% and 2.0% in the village group, and no significant difference was found between the two groups. The overall prevalence was 8% for HBsAg +, 68% for HBV +, and 2.4% for anti HCV +. The results were discussed in reference to some 20 papers each on HBV + and anti HCV + prevalence in China published since 1991. The reviewing of these papers confirmed that the prevalence of HBV was high (i.e., in excess of 50%), whereas the prevalence of anti HCV was low (well below 5%), and that no substantial difference was found between the rural and urban populations.

关键词： HCV Infection city group Shaanxi Province urban areas rural areas hepatitis B

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Analyzing Disaster Mitigation Policies in Japan and China from an Eco-DRR Perspective:A Comparative Study of Shanghai and Tokyo

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Journal of Architectural Research and Development 2024年第1期8卷 14-19页

作者： Minghui Tang naoko Fujita Art and Design University of TsukubaTsukuba 3058577IbarakiJapan

Global climate change-induced natural disasters require international efforts and the adoption of Eco-Disaster Risk Reduction(Eco-DRR)policies for sustainable *** study examines the status of Eco-DRR in disaster prevention policies through word cloud analysis,providing insights for policymakers to enhance disaster prevention amid increasing climate-related *** and Japan prioritize soft aspects,while Shanghai and China emphasize engineering for flood prevention,revealing a gap in Eco-DRR *** these differing approaches,the shared focus on water-related disasters indicates a shift towards urban *** research should assess policy effectiveness and the impact of Eco-DRR on disaster risk reduction and ecosystem protection.

关键词： Disaster Policy Eco-DRR Word-cloud

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Evaluation of Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Power, and Antioxidant Potential of Breastmilk of Breast-Feeding Mothers

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Health 2017年第8期9卷 1145-1158页

作者： naoko Kuramoto Mariko Kitagawa Department of Reproductive Health Nursing School of Nursing University of Human Environments Obu Japan Department of Reproductive Health Nursing Graduate School of Nursing Nagoya City University Nagoya Japan Department of Reproductive Health Nursing Graduate School of Nursing University of Human Environments Obu Japan

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress, antioxidant power, and antioxidant potential of breastmilk of breast-feeding mothers from the early postpartum period to the first 3 months postpartum, and to examine the dynamics and the relationships among them. Method: For 47 pu-erperant women who gave vaginal birth without any pregnancy complications, the oxidative stress levels (d-ROMs levels) and antioxidant power (BAP levels) in the maternal plasma as well as antioxidant potential of breastmilk (BAP levels in breastmilk) were measured 3 times, i.e., in the early puerperium (4 or 5 days after giving birth), one month after giving birth, and 3 months after giving birth. Results: The d-ROMs levels in the maternal plasma were significantly high in the early puerperium (p p p p p p < 0.05). Discussion: Regarding the oxidative stress and the antioxidant defense system of breast-feeding mothers, the d-ROMs level was highest and the BAP level was lowest in the early puerperium. The BAP level then showed a clear tendency to recover in the first 3 months after giving birth. Conclusion: When the maternal antioxidant potential remains at a low level after giving birth, careful consideration should be given to the mother’s health and wellbeing because there is a possibility that it might affect the antioxidant potential of breastmilk.

关键词： Oxidative Stress Antioxidant Power Maternal Plasma Breastmilk Postpartum

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Decrease in Serum Amyloid a Protein Levels Following Three-month Stays in Negatively Charged Particle-dominant Indoor Air Conditions

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期31卷 335-342页

作者： Suni Lee Shoko Yamamoto Yasumitsu Nishimura Hidenori Matsuzaki Kei Yoshitome Tamayo Hatayama Miho Ikeda YU Min Nagisa Sada naoko Kumagai-Takei Takemi Otsuki Department of Hygiene Kawasaki Medical School 577 Mastushima Kurashiki 701-0192 Japan Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science School of Public Health School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 China Department of Occupational Diseases Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences＇ Hangzhou 310013 Zhejiang China Department of Biophysical Chemistry Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-Ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan

Objective The changes in serum adipokines and cytokines related to oxidative stress were examined during 3 months ‘Off to On’ and ‘On to Off’ periods using negatively charged particle-dominant indoor air conditions（NCPDIAC）.Methods Seven volunteers participated in the study,which included ‘OFF to 3 months ON’ periods（ON trials） for a total of 16 times,and ‘ON to 3 months OFF’（OFF trials） periods for a total of 13 *** With the exception of one case,serum amyloid A（SAA） levels decreased significantly during the ON *** Considering that SAA is an acute phase reactive protein such as C reactive protein（CRP）,this observed decrease might indicate the prevention of cardiovascular and atherosclerotic changes,since an increase in high-sensitive CRP is associated with the subsequent detection of these events.

关键词： Negatively charged particle Indoor air Serum amyloid A Biomarker Cardiovascular disease

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Deciphering Starch Quality of Rice Kernels Using Metabolite Profiling and Pedigree Network Analysis

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Molecular Plant 2012年第2期5卷 442-451页

作者： Miyako Kusano Atsushi Fukushima naoko Fujita Yozo Okazaki Makoto Kobayashi naoko Fujita Oitome Kaworu Ebana Kazuki Saito RIKEN Plant Science Center Tsurumi Yokohama 230-0045 Japan KIHARA Institute for Biological Research Yokohama City University Totsuka Yokohama 244-0813 Japan Department of Biological Production Akita Prefectural University Akita 010-0195 Japan National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences 2-1-2 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8602 Japan Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University Chiba 260-8675 Japan

The physiological properties of rice grains are immediately obvious to consumers. High-coverage metabolomic characterization of the rice diversity research set predicted a negative correlation between fatty acid and lipid levels and amylose/total starch ratio （amylose ratio）, but the reason for this is unclear. To obtain new insight into the relationships among the visual phenotypes of rice kernels, starch granule structures, amylose ratios, and metabolite changes, we investigated the metabolite changes of five Japonica cultivars with various amylose ratios and two knockout mutants （e 1, a Starch synthase Ilia （SSIIla）-deficient mutant and the SSIIla/starch branching enzyme （BE） double-knockout mutant 4019） by using mass spectrometry-based metabolomics techniques. Scanning electron microscopy clearly showed that the two mutants had unusual starch granule structures. The metabolomic compositions of two cultivars with high amylose ratios （Hoshiyutaka and Yumetoiro） exhibited similar patterns, while that of the double-knockout mutant, which has an extremely high amylose ratio, differed. Rice pedigree network analysis of the cultivars and the mutants provided insight into the association between metabolic-trait properties and their underlying genetic basis in rice breeding in Japan. Multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that the Hoshiyutaka and Yumetoiro cultivars were Indica-like, yet they are classified as Japonica subpopulations. Exploring metabolomic traits is a powerful way to follow rice genetic traces and breeding history.

关键词： starch quality traits amylose ratio metabolite profiling pedigree networks rice.

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Helicobacter heilmannii sensu stricto-related gastric ulcers:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3376-3382页

作者： Takehisa Matsumoto Masatomo Kawakubo Taiji Akamatsu Naohiko Koide naoko Ogiwara Seiko Kubota Mitsutoshi Sugano Yoshiyuki Kawakami Tsutomu Katsuyama Hiroyoshi Ota Departments of Laboratory Medicine Shinshu University Hospital Endoscopy Center Suzaka HospitalNagano Prefectural Hospital Organization Department of Surgery Nagano Prefectural Kiso Hospital Department of Health and Medical Sciences Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine Maruko Central Hospital

A spiral bacterium (SH9), morphologically different from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), was found in a 62-year-old woman’s gastric mucosa. Gastroscopic examination revealed multiple gastric ulcers near the pyloric ring; mapping gastric biopsy showed mild mononuclear infiltration with large lymphoid follicles in the antrum, without corpus atrophy. Urea breath test and H. pylori culture were negative, but Giemsa staining of biopsies revealed tightly coiled bacteria that immunostained with anti-H. pylori antibody. Sequencing of SH9 16S rRNA and the partial urease A and B subunit genes showed that the former sequence had highest similarity (99%; 1302/1315 bp) to Helicobacter heilmannii (H. heilmannii) sensu stricto (H. heilmannii s.s.) BC1 obtained from a bobcat, while the latter sequence confirmed highest similarity (98.3%; 1467/1493 bp) to H. heilmannii s.s. HU2 obtained from a human. The patient was diagnosed with multiple gastric ulcers associated with H. heilmannii s.s. infection. After triple therapy (amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and lansoprazole) with regimen for eradicating H. pylori, gastroscopy showed ulcer improvement and no H. heilmannii s.s. upon biopsy.

关键词： Helicobacter heilmannii sensu stricto, “ Helicobacter heilmannii” type 2, Gastric ulcers, Urease gene, Non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters

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Usefulness of Breast MRI for Safe Omission of Axillary Lymph Nodes Dissection in Sentinel Node-Positive Breast Cancer Patients

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2017年第11期8卷 1049-1057页

作者： Hiromi Fuchikami naoko Takeda Kazuhiko Sato Department of Breast Oncology Tokyo-West Tokushukai Hospital Tokyo Japan

Background: Preoperative identification of patients with extensive lymph node metastasis (LNM) is important for safe omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in sentinel node (SN)-positive (SN+) breast cancer patients. Methods: We evaluated retrospectively the collected data of 758 breast cancer patients who underwent axillary surgery between 2008 and 2017, excluding those who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: Of the 758 patients, 607 were not suspicious to have LNM by axillary ultrasound (AUS-), but 38 suspicious cases were found by breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Of 15 patients undergoing axillary fine needle biopsy (AFNA) due to second-look axillary ultrasound (AUS), 9 underwent ALND because of a positive AFNA (AFNA+). Among 81 (10.9%) patients undergoing ALND due to SN+ findings, 6 (7.4%) had extensive LNM (LNM ≥ 4). If MRI was not performed, among the 90 of 673 patients undergoing ALND who had SN+ findings, 12 (13.3%) had LNM ≥ 4. Conclusions: The proportion of cases with LNM ≥ 4 was reduced from 13.3% to 7.4% among patients undergoing SN biopsies combined with breast MRI. ALND might be omitted safely in SN+ cases according to detailed preoperative evaluations using additional breast MRI to ultrasound.

关键词： Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Axillary Lymph Node Dissection Breast MRI

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Contribution of Adventitious Roots to Water Use Strategy of Juniperus sabina in a Semiarid Area of China

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第3期4卷 251-259页

作者： Lingli Yang naoko H. Miki naoko Matsuo Guosheng Zhang Linhe Wang Ken Yoshikawa Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan Graduate School of Bioresources Mie University Tsu Mie 514-8507 Japan College of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Huhhot O10019 China

duniperus sabina Linnaeus, an evergreen shrub with prostrate life form, can effectively prevent sand moving and is an important tree species for reforestation in semiarid areas of China. It has laterally distributed adventitious roots and a deeply distributed main root system. To detect water movement between the main root system and adventitious roots, we adopted heat pulse sensors using the Heat Ratio Method, a high precision method for measuring low sap flow rates. Two sensors were implanted in each individual in the stem between the main root system and adventitious roots, and another two in lateral stems distal to all the roots. Positive sap flows during nighttime, even under saturated air moisture conditions, were detected only between the main root system and adventitious roots under drought conditions, and the rate of flow increased as drought progressed and decreased or disappeared after rain events. The results demonstrated the existence of water movement from the main root system to adventitious roots, and combined with the high contribution of nighttime sap flow to transpiration （11%-16%） the results indicate that it also involves the process of hydraulic lift, a water movement from moist subsoil to dry surface soils. Integrated water use strategy between the main root system and adventitious roots via the process of hydraulic lift of soil water maximizes water acquisition efficiency from both subsoil water and water from rain pulses on the soil surface; this increases survivability in the water-limited environment of semiarid areas.

关键词： Adventitious roots hydraulic lift Juniperus sabina L. semiarid environment water acquisition.

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The Effect of Study-Abroad on Pragmatic Transfer

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Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 2021年第1期44卷 3-20,126页

作者： naoko OSUKA Meiji University Japan

This study aims to investigate the effect that studying abroad may have on pragmatic transfer in requests, refusals, and expressions of gratitude, produced by Japanese learners of English. Twentytwo Japanese college students completed a multimedia elicitation task(MET) before and after studying in the US for one semester, together with twenty-two L1 English speakers and twenty L1 Japanese speakers as baseline data. The MET is a computer-based instrument for eliciting oral *** previous studies on pragmatic transfer, which often lack statistical evidence, this study includes statistical analysis. The analysis revealed that negative pragmatic transfer occurs within a limited range. The identified transfer includes pragmalinguistic transfer, whereby, assuming that their politeness levels are equal, learners directly translate L1 expressions into L2;and sociopragmatic transfer, whereby learners transfer L1 discourse patterns and functions. Resistance to L2 norms and increased fluency can be influencing factors. The results indicated that the effect of study-abroad is limited because most of the negative transfer which was identified before studying abroad remained after studying abroad. Thus, the necessity of explicit pragmatic instruction was proposed.

关键词： pragmatic transfer pragmalinguistic transfer sociopragmatic transfer study-abroad

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Heat Transfer Characteristics of Square Micro Pin Fins under Natural Convection

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2014年第3期4卷 59-69页

作者： naoko Matsumoto Toshio Tomimura Yasushi Koito Department of Advanced Mechanical Systems Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan

In order to comply with the recent demand for downsizing of the electric equipment, the minia- turization and the improvement in heat transfer performance of a heat sink under natural air-cooling are increasingly required. This paper describes the experimental and numerical investigations of heat sinks with miniature/micro pins and the effect of the pin size, pin height and the number of pins on heat transfer characteristics of heat sinks. Five types of basic heat sink models are investigated in this study. The whole heat transfer area of heat sinks having the different pin size, pin height and the number of pins respectively is kept constant. From a series of experiments and numerical analyses, it has been clarified that the heat sink temperature rises with increase in the number of pins. That is, the heat sink with miniaturized fine pins showed almost no effect on the heat transfer enhancement. This is because of the choking phenomenon occurred in the air space among the pin fins. Reflecting these results, it is confirmed that the heat transfer coefficient reduces with miniaturization of pins. Concerning the effects of the heat transfer area on the heat sink performance, almost the same tendency has been observed in other three series of large surface area, that is, higher pin height. Furthermore as a result of studying non-dimensional convection heat transfer performance, it was found that the relation between the Nusselt number (Nu) and the Rayleight number (Ra) is given by Nu = 0.16 Ra0.52.

关键词： Natural Air-Cooling Heat Sink Micro Pin Fin Heat Transfer Performance Experiment Numerical Analysis

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