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Knockout of a rice K5.2 gene increases Ca accumulation in the grain

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 252-264页

作者： Peitong Wang naoki yamaji Namiki Mitani-Ueno Jun Ge Jian Feng Ma National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityKurashiki 710-0046Japan

Rice is a staple food for half of the world’s population,but it is a poor dietary source of calcium(Ca)due to the low *** is an important issue to boost Ca concentration in this grain to improve Ca deficiency risk,but the mechanisms underlying Ca accumulation are poorly ***,we obtained a rice(Oryza sativa)mutant with high shoot Ca *** mutant exhibited 26%-53% higher Ca in shoots than did wild-type rice(WT)at different Ca *** concentration in the xylem sap was 36% higher in the mutant than in the *** was no difference in agronomic traits between the WT and mutant,but the mutant showed 25% higher Ca in the polished grain compared with the ***-based cloning combined with a complementation test revealed that the mutant phenotype was caused by an 18-bp deletion of a gene,OsK5.2,belonging to the Shaker-like K+channel ***5.2 was highly expressed in the mature region of the roots and its expression in the roots was not affected by Ca levels,but upregulated by low *** showed that OsK5.2 was mainly expressed in the pericycle of the *** together,our results revealed a novel role for OsK5.2 in Ca translocation in rice,and will be a good target for Ca biofortification in rice.

关键词： accumulation biofortification calcium OsK5.2 pericycle rice translocation

Vascular Cambium-Localized AtSPDT Mediates Xylem-to-Phloem Transfer of Phosphorus for Its Preferential Distribution in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第1期13卷 99-111页

作者： Guangda Ding Gui Jie Lei naoki yamaji Kengo Yokosho Namiki Mitani-Ueno Sheng Huang Jian Feng Ma institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityChuo 2-20-1KurashikiJapan College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

During plant growth and development mineral elements are preferentially delivered to different organs and tissues to meet the differential demand. It has been shown that the preferential distribution of mineral nutrients in gramineous plants is mediated by node-based transporters, but the mechanisms of preferential distribution in dicots are poorly understood. Here, we report a distinct mechanism for the preferential distribution of phosphorus (P) in Arabidopsis plants, revealed by detailed functional analysis of AtSPDT/AtSULTR3;4 (SULTR-like P Distribution Transporter), a homolog of rice OsSPDT. Like OsSPDT, AtSPDT is localized at the plasma membrane and showed proton-dependent transport activity for P. Interestingly, we found that AtSPDT is mainly expressed in the rosette basal region and leaf petiole, and its expression is up-regulated by P deficiency. Tissue-specific analysis showed that AtSPDT is mainly located in the vascular cambium of different organs, as well as in the parenchyma tissues of both xylem and phloem regions. Knockout of AtSPDT inhibited the growth of new leaves under low P due to decreased P distribution to those organs. The seed yields of the wild-type and atspdt mutant plants are similar, but the seeds of mutant plants contain – less P. These results indicate that AtSPDT localized in the vascular cambium is involved in preferential distribution of P to the developing tissues, through xylem-to-phloem transfer mainly at the rosette basal region and leaf petiole.

关键词： A rabidopsis thaliana phosphate transporter SPDT phosphorus distribution vascular cambium

OsYSL16 is required for redistribution of Cu from older tissues in rice

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OsYSL16 is required for redistribution of Cu from older tiss...

Dissecting genetic basis of cadmium accumulation in barley

2013全国植物生物学大会

作者： ZHENG Luqing yamaji naoki YOKOSHO Kengo MA Jianfeng Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityKurashiki 710-0046Japan College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University

Copper(Cu) is an essential element for plant growth and development,which mostly functions as a eofaetor of numerous *** studies have shown that part of Cu in the older tissues moves to young tissues,but the molecular mechanisms underlying are poorly *** the present study,we found that a member of YSL(Yellow stripe like) family,OsYSL16,is involved in redistribution of Cu from older tissues to the developing tissues and ***16 showed transport activity for Cu-nicotianamine complex,but not for mugineie acid-Cu complex when expressed in ***16 was expressed in the roots, leaves and unelongated nodes at the vegetative growth stage and highly expressed in the upper nodes at the reproductive *** expression of OsYSL16 was hardly affected by deficiency or excess of Cu and other *** of transgenic rice carrying OsYSL16promoter-GFP showed that OsYSL16 was expressed at the phloem of nodes and vascular tissues of leaves. Knockout of this gene resulted in a higher Cu concentration in the older leaves,but a lower concentration in the younger leaves at the vegetative *** the reproductive stage,higher Cu was found in the flag leaf and husk,but less Cu in the brown rice,resulting in significant reduction of fertility in the knockout *** label experiments with Cu showed that the mutant lost ability to transport Cu-nicotianamine from older leaf to younger leaf and from flag leaf to *** together,our results indicate that OsYSL16 is a Cu-nicotianamine transporter, which is required for delivering Cu to the developing young tissues and seeds through phloem transport.

关键词： Yellow-stripe like transporter phloem Cu nicotianamine

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Dissecting genetic basis of cadmium accumulation in barley

Improvement of solidification model and analysis of 3D channel blockage with MPS method

中国作物学会——2015年学术年会

作者： Dezhi Wu Kazuhiro Sato naoki yamaji Guoping Zhang Jian Feng Ma Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama University Institute of Crop Science Zhejiang University

Reducing Cd intake from edible parts and staple foods is an important issue for food safety and human *** threshold value of cadmium(Cd)concentration ingrain of barley is the lowest among cereal crops,however,it is poorly understood how Cd accumulation in barley grain is genetically *** the present study,we investigated genotypic variation in Cd accumulation of different organs in 100accessions from a subset of barley core collection using both hydroponic and Cd-contaminated soil *** also performed a genome-wide association(GWA)mapping for Cd accumulation in different *** results were summarized as:1.A large genotypic variation in the Cd concentration was found in all *** was a good correlation between shoot Cd of solution and soil culture,the shoot Cd and grain Cd,but no correlation between the root Cd and grain Cd;*** mapping detected 9 quantitative trait loci(QTL)for root Cd,21 for shoot Cd,14 for root-to-shoot translocation and 15 for grain Cd;3.A common QTL for the shoot Cd and root-to-shoot translocation was found at 132.6 cM on chromosome *** major QTL for grain Cd were identified on chromosome 2H and chromosome ***,we also proved that HvNramp5 is a transporter responsible for Mn and Cd uptake through investigating barley knockdown mutants of HvNramp5 using RNAi *** conclusion,the genetic variation in the Cd accumulation and major QTL detected provide useful information for cloning candidate genes for Cd accumulation and breading low Cd barley cultivars in future.

关键词： Barley cadmium(Cd) core collection genome-wide association(GWA) mapping transporter

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 946-958页

作者： Reo KAWAKAMI Xin LI Guangtao DUAN Akifumi yamaji Isamu SATO Tohru SUZUKI Cooperative Major in Nuclear Energy Graduate School and Advanced Science and EngineeringFaculty of Science and EngineeringWaseda University3-4-1 OkuboShinjuku-kuTokyo169-8555Japan Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management The University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo113-8656Japan Department of Nuclear Safety Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTokyo City University1-28-1 TamazutsumiSetagaya-kuTokyo158-0087Japan

In a severe accident of a nuclear power reactor,coolant channel blockage by solidified molten core debris may significantly influence the core degradations that *** moving particle semi-implicit(MPS)method is one of the Lagrangian-based particle methods for analyzing incompressible *** the study described in this paper,a novel solidification model for analyzing melt flowing channel blockage with the MPS method has been developed,which is suitable to attain a sufficient numerical accuracy with a reasonable calculation *** prompt velocity diffusion by viscosity is prioritized over the prompt velocity correction by the pressure term(for assuring incompressibility)within each time step over the“mushy zone”(between the solidus and liquidus temperature)for accurate modeling of solidification before fixing the coordinates of the completely solidified *** sustain the numerical accuracy and stability,the corrective matrix and particle shifting techniques have been applied to correct the discretization errors from irregular particle arrangements and to recover the regular particle arrangements,*** validate the newly developed algorithm,2-D benchmark analyses are conducted for steady-state freezing of the water in a laminar flow between two parallel ***,3-D channel blockage analyses of a boiling water reactor(BWR)fuel support piece have been *** results show that a partial channel blockage develops from the vicinity of the speed limiter,which does not fully develop into a complete channel blockage,but still diverts the incoming melt flow that follows to the orifice region.

关键词： boiling water reactor(BWR) severe accident channel blockage moving particle semi-implicit(MPS)method solidification*

3D reconstruction size effect on the quantification of solid oxide fuel cell nickel-yttria-stabilized-zirconia anode microstructural information using scanning electron microscopy-focused ion beam technique

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Science Bulletin 2016年第17期61卷 1317-1323页

作者： Zhenjun Jiao naoki Shikazono Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo

Self-made conventional nickel-yttria-stabilized zirconia composite anodes after reduction and 500 h operation were analyzed by three-dimensional microstructure reconstruction based on focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy *** area,threephases-boundary density and phase volume fraction were measured based on the three-dimensional microstructure reconstruction to quantitatively study the statistical characterization of solid oxide fuel cell nickel-yttria-stabilizedzirconia anode microstructure before and after *** is found that for anode operated with long time,it is necessary to increase the corresponding three-dimensional reconstruction size to suppress the influence of microstructure variation caused by Ni agglomeration in order to obtain more accurate microstructural quantification information.

关键词： FIB-SEM 3D reconstruction TPB density Tetragonal mesh

Loss on Ignition-Based Indices for Evaluating Organic Matter Characteristics of Littoral Sediments

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Pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 978-984页

作者： Narong TOUCH Tadashi HIBINO Hiroki TAKATA Satoshi yamaji Coastal Engineering Laboratory Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hiroshima University

Understanding organic matter characteristics （e.g., amount and state） of sediments is necessary for evaluating both the sediment and water environments; however, methods that have been proposed to investigate these characteristics are relatively expensive. This study attempted to evaluate the organic matter characteristics of littoral sediments by employing solely the loss on ignition （LOI） method, which is the most economical and accessible method in developing countries. Different types of sediments were first oven dried at 100 ~C and then continuously burned at 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 ~C for 4 h at each temperature. The mass LOI at each temperature was calculated and compared with the 100 ℃oven-dried weight. Our results suggested that the mass LOI across the temperature range of 200-300 ℃（LOI200-300）：mass LOI at 600 ℃ （LOI600） ratio （LOI200-300/LOI600） could represent different types of sediments as well as the organic matter：organic C ratio. Compared with the sediments unaffected by wastewater, the sediments that were more influenced by the inflow of domestic wastewater had a higher LOI200-300/LOI600. Interestingly, LOI200-300/LOI600 could also represent changes in the organic matter characteristics as a function of organic matter decomposition in sediments. In conclusion, the organic matter characteristics of littoral sediments could be evaluated using solely the LOI method, particularly with LOI200 - 300/LOI600.

关键词： C loss decomposition mass loss on ignition organic matter state sediment type

Effects of bile acids on cyclooxygenase-2 expression in a rat model of duodenoesophageal anastomosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6541-6546页

作者： naoki Hashimoto Department of Surgery Kinki UniversityOsaka 589-8511Japan

AIM: To examine the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in rat esophageal lesions induced by reflux of duodenal contents.

关键词： Bile acids Cyclooxygenase-2 Prostaglandin E2 Esophageal cancer Esophagoduodenal anastomosis

Novel Phase Transition in BaPr_2Mn_2O_7

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第z2期24卷 1-3页

作者： Hiromi Nakano naoki Kamegashira Ryukoku University SetaOtsu 520-2194Japan Toyohashi University of Technology Tenpaku-choToyohashi 441-8580Japan

The rare earth manganite BaLn2Mn2O7(Ln = rare earth element) has a Sr3Ti2O7-type layered perovskite structure with double-block oxygen octahedra belonging to the Ruddlesden-Popper-type homologous series AO(ABO3)2. In Pr-manganite, a novel phase transition was first observed in situ at 1040 K by a thermal transmission electron microscope. At 1040 K, reflections began to split along the c-direction in the selected area diffraction pattern. This indicates that a new phase appears in the original phase matrix; the c length of the new phase is 1.5% longer than that of the original phase. After about 5 min, the original phase disappears. No change in the crystal symmetry (space group 14/mmm) is observed above 1040 K.

关键词： rare earth manganite phase transition transmission electron microscope (TEM)