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A Very Low Level dc Current Amplifier Using SC Circuit: Effects of Parasitic Capacitances and Duty Ratio on Its Output

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2014年第9期4卷 458-466页

作者： Hiroki Higa Ryota Onaga naoki nakamura Faculty of Engineering University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan

This paper describes a very low level dc current amplifier using switched capacitor (SC) circuit to miniaturize and improve its output response speed, instead of the conventionally used high-oh-mage resistor. A switched capacitor filter (SCF) and an offset controller are also used to decrease vibrations and offset voltage at the output of the amplifier. The simulation results show that the parasitic capacitances that are distributed to the input portion of the amplifier have some effect on offset voltage. From the experimental results, it is seen that the duty ratio of the clock cycle of SC circuit should be in the range from 0.05 to 0.70. It is suggested that the proposed very low level dc current amplifier using SC circuit is an effective way to obtain both a faster output response and its miniaturization.

关键词： dc Amplifier Small Current Measurement Switched Capacitor (SC) Circuit SC Filter

Radiation therapy for portal venous invasion by hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第46期11卷 7237-7241页

作者： Keiichi Nakagawa Hideomi Yamashita Kenshiro Shiraishi naoki nakamura Masao Tago Hiroshi Igaki Yoshio Hosoi Shuichiro Shiina Masao Omata Masatoshi Makuuchi Kuni Ohtomo Department of RadiologyUniversity of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of GastroenterologyUniversity of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryUniversity of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan

AIM： To darify bhe efficacy and safety of bhree-dimensional conformal radiotherapy （3-D CRT） for bhis disease and to specify patient subgroups suitable for this treatment. METHODS： Fifty-two patients with HCC received PVItargeted radiation therapy from .January 1995 through December 2003. Portal venous invasion （PVI） was found in the second or lower order branches of the portal vein in 6 patients, in the first branch in 24 patients and in the main trunk in 22 patients. Child classifications of liver function before radiation therapy were A, B, and C for 19, 24 and 2 patients, respectively. All patients received three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with a total dose ranging from 39 to 60 Gy （57.0 Gy in average）. RESULTS： Overall survival rates at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years were 45.1%, 25.3%, 15.2%, 10.1%, and 5.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that Child status, the number of tumor foci, tumor type, transcatheter arterial embolization （TAE） after radiation therapy were statistically significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of tumor foci and TAE after radiation therapy were statistically significant. CONCLUSION： The results of this study strongly suggest the efficacy of 3-D CRT as treatment for PVI in HCC. 3-D CRT is recommended in combination with postradiation TAE for PVI of HCC with 5 tumor foci or less in the liver and with Child A liver function.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Portal venous invasion Radiation therapy

Cytomegalovirus colitis followed by ischemic colitis in a non-immunocompromised adult:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第12期21卷 3750-3754页

作者： Tsuyoshi Hasegawa Kazuki Aomatsu Masanori nakamura naoki Aomatsu Keiho Aomatsu Department of Surgery Aomatsu Memorial Hospital Izumisano Department of Gastroenterology Izumiohtsu City Hospital Izumiohtsu Department of Surgery Fuchu Hospital

We report a rare case of cytomegalovirus(CMV) colitis followed by severe ischemic colitis in a nonimmunocompromised patient. An 86-year-old woman was admitted after experiencing episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. The next day, hematochezia was detected without abdominal pain. The initial diagnosis of ischemic colitis was based on colonoscopy and histological findings. The follow-up colonoscopy revealed a prolonged colitis. Immunohistochemical staining detected CMVpositive cells following conservative therapy. Intravenous ganciclovir therapy led to successful healing of ulcers and disappearance of CMV-positive cells. The prevalence of CMV infection is common in adults. CMV colitis is relatively common in immunocompromised patients; however, it is rare in immunocompetent patients. In our case, CMV infection was allowed to be established due to the disruption of the colonic mucosa by the prior severe ischemic colitis. Our experience suggests that biopsies may be necessary to detect CMV and the prompt management of CMV colitis should be instituted when intractable ischemic colitis is observed.

关键词： Cytomegalovirus infection Colitis Ischemic colitis

Three dimensional microstructures of carbon deposition on Ni-YSZ anodes under polarization

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 359-367,I0010页

作者： Dongxu Cui Anna Sciazko Yosuke Komatsu Akiko nakamura Toru Hara Shiliang Wu Rui Xiao naoki Shikazono Institute of Industrial Science The University of TokyoTokyo 153-8505Japan Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210018JiangsuChina National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba 305-0047Japan

In the present study,two Ni/YSZ anodes with different volume ratios of Ni and YSZ,30:70 and 45:55 vol%,are operated in dry methane under open circuit and polarized ***-dimensional(3D)Ni/YSZ microstructures after carbon deposition are reconstructed by the focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy(FIB-SEM)with the help of machine learning *** the reconstructed mircostructures,volume fraction,connectivity,three phase boundary(TPB)density,and tortuosity are *** addition,local carbon microstructures are quantitatively reconstructed,and the effect of polarization on carbon morphology is *** is demonstrated that Ni surface in the vicinity of active TPB near the electrolyte is free from carbon formation,while remaining Ni surface at some distances from TPB exhibits severe carbon *** average,total amount of carbon deposition is larger near the *** observations imply complex interplay between the electrochemical steam generation and methane cracking on Ni surface which take place very locally near the active TPB.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cell Anode Carbon deposition Triple-phase boundary 3D reconstruction

Retreatment of patients with treatment failure of directacting antivirals: Focus on hepatitis C virus genotype 1b

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第46期23卷 8120-8127页

作者： Tatsuo Kanda Kazushige Nirei naoki Matsumoto Teruhisa Higuchi Hitomi nakamura Hiroaki Yamagami Shunichi Matsuoka Mitsuhiko Moriyama Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineNihon University School of Medicine

The recent development of direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs) against hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection could lead to higher sustained virological response(SVR) rates, with shorter treatment durations and fewer adverse events compared with regimens that include interferon. However, a relatively small proportion of patients cannot achieve SVR in the first treatment, including DAAs with or without peginterferon and/or ribavirin. Although retreatment with a combination of DAAs should be conducted for these patients, it is more difficult to achieve SVR when retreating these patients because of resistance-associated substitutions(RASs) or treatment-emergent substitutions. In Japan, HCV genotype 1 b(GT1 b) is founded in 70% of HCVinfected individuals. In this minireview, we summarize the retreatment regimens and their SVR rates for HCV GT1 b. It is important to avoid drugs that target the regions targeted by initial drugs, but next-generation combinations of DAAs, such as sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir for 12 wk or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for 12 wk, are proposed to be potential solution for the HCV GT1 b-infected patients with treatment failure, mainly on a basis of targeting distinctive regions. Clinicians should follow the new information and resources for DAAs and select the proper combination of DAAs for the retreatment of HCV GT1 b-infected patients with treatment failure.

关键词： Direct-acting antiviral agent Genotype 1b Hepatitis C virus Resistance-associated substitutions

Applications of quantum computing for investigations of electronic transitions in phenylsulfonyl-carbazole TADF emitters

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 619-627页

作者： Qi Gao Gavin O.Jones Mario Motta Michihiko Sugawara Hiroshi CWatanabe Takao Kobayashi Eriko Watanabe Yu-ya Ohnishi Hajime nakamura naoki Yamamoto Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Science&Innovation CenterYokohamaJapan Quantum Computing Center Keio UniversityYokohamaJapan IBM Quantum IBM Research-AlmadenSan JoseCAUSA Materials Informatics Initiative Yokkaichi Research CenterJSR CorporationYokkaichiMieJapan IBM Research-Tokyo TokyoJapan Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics Keio UniversityYokohamaJapan

A quantum chemistry study of the first singlet(S_(1))and triplet(T_(1))excited states of phenylsulfonyl-carbazole compounds,proposed as useful thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitters for organic light emitting diode(OLED)applications,was performed with the quantum Equation-Of-Motion Variational Quantum Eigensolver(qEOM-VQE)and Variational Quantum Deflation(VQD)algorithms on quantum simulators and *** quantum simulations were performed with double zeta quality basis sets on an active space comprising the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals(HOMO,LUMO)of the TADF *** differences in energy separations between S_(1) and T_(1)(ΔEST)predicted by calculations on quantum simulators were found to be in excellent agreement with experimental *** of 17 and 88 mHa with respect to exact energies were found for excited states by using the qEOM-VQE and VQD algorithms,respectively,to perform simulations on quantum devices without error *** utilizing state tomography to purify the quantum states and correct energy values,the large errors found for unmitigated results could be improved to differences of,at most,4 mHa with respect to exact ***,excellent agreement could be found between values ofΔEST predicted by quantum simulations and those found in experiments.

关键词： quantum excited occupied

Practical applications and limitations of basalt discrimination diagrams

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Big Earth Data 2023年第4期7卷 1081-1093页

作者： Kentaro nakamura Frontier Research Center for Energy and Resources(FRCER) School of EngineeringThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Determining the tectonic setting of unknown volcanic rocks continues to be one of the key challenges in *** discrimination diagrams have been successfully employed due to their ease of use,recently,validation with big data has raised questions about their *** this study,the discrimination boundaries of Th/Yb versus(vs.)Nb/Yb and TiO2/Yb ***/Yb diagrams,which are the most used types of discrimination diagrams,were redefined based on a large amount of compiled data and support vector machine,a machine learning *** effectiveness of discrimination diagrams was verified,and the limitations and conditions when using them were *** results show that when using the Th/Yb ***/Yb diagram,only basalts with Th/Yb ratios higher than the discrimination boundary can be identified as volcanic arcs in *** contrast,a significant overlap occurs across boundaries in other cases when using these diagrams,particularly for enriched samples with Nb/Yb ratios higher than ***,when using these diagrams to determine the tectonic setting of unknown samples,their limitations must be considered when interpreting their results.

关键词： Discrimination diagram tectonic setting support vector machine big data large petrological databases

Temporal variation in modal properties of a base-isolated building during an earthquake

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第1期11卷 1-8页

作者： Izuru TAKEWAKI Mitsuru nakamura Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Technical Research Institute Obayashi Corporation

Temporal variation of dynamical modal properties of a base-isolated building is investigated using earthquake records in the building. A batch processing least-squares estimation method is applied to segment-wise time-series data. To construct an input-output system,an auto-regressive model with exogenous input (ARX) of second-order including a forgetting coefficient as a weighting coefficient is used for the estimation of modal parameters. The fundamental and second natural frequencies and the damping ratios of the fundamental and second natural modes of the base-isolated building are identified in the time domain. The identified results are consistent with the results obtained from the micro-tremor vibration data,forced-vibration test data and earthquake records in the present base-isolated building in the case of taking into account the amplitude-dependency of the isolators and viscous dampers. It is finally pointed out that several factors,e.g.,amplitude dependency of the isolator and damper system and special characteristics of the series-type viscous damper system,may be related complicatedly with the temporal variation in modal properties of the above-mentioned system.

关键词： System identification Shear building model Modal parameters Batch processing least-squares estimation method Forgetting coefficient Auto-regressive model with exogenous input (ARX) model

Modern Biotechnology—Current Standards in Japan

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 40-43页

作者： YASUHISA nakamura DeputyDirector StandardsDivisionDepartmentofFoodSanitationMinistryofHealth

In the past few years, a new technology, biotechnology, has come into practical use internationally. It is prospective that application of biotechnology in the field of food production may lead to improved food quality and productivity.　　Modern biotechnology, through the use of recombinant DNA techniques, has been used for food production for some time now. Therefore, particular attention should be paid to the safety of foods and food additives produced by recombinant DNA techniques. For this reason, Japan set out the “Guideline for Safety Assessment of Foods and Food Additives Produced by Recombinant DNA Techniques” and “Guideline for Manufacturing Foods and Food Additives Produced by Recombinant DNA Techniques,” in 1991.

关键词： Public Policy Biotechnology Food Industry Food Genetically Modified Humans Japan Safety