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What will happen in patients with advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第3期8卷 283-285页

作者： Takefumi Kimura naoki Tanaka Eiji Tanaka Molecular Signaling Section Laboratory of Bioorganic ChemistryNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyShinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan Department of Metabolic Regulation Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan International Research Center for Agricultural Food Industry Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and advanced form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)have been become globally major chronic liver diseases(1,2).NAFLD is one of the leading causes of liver cirrhosis,hepatic failure,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(3).A large number of retrospective studies reported the importance of hepatic fibrosis with NAFLD patients as the strongest factor of liver-related mortality(4,5).On the other hand,NAFLD patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis are thought to have higer risk of developing vascular events and extrahepatic cancers because of the high prevalence of coexisting cardiometabolic risk factors,such as hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,and obesity(6).However,since former literatures included only few NAFLD patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis,it is hard to estimate the accurate risk on the whole spectrum of these complications.

关键词： patients hepatic NAFLD

Structural Analysis of a New Phase of BaNdMnO_4

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Journal of Rare Earths 2007年第S1期25卷 1-3页

作者： Hiromi Nakano Norikatsu Kawabata Hirohisa Satoh naoki Kamegashira Ryukoku University SetaOtsu520-2194Japan Toyohasi University of Technology 441-8580Japan

Single crystal of BaNdMnO4 with I4/mmm was synthesized by a floating zone method. A new phase of BaNdMnO4 was obtained by annealing the single crystal in a reducing atmosphere at 573 K for 10 d. The structural change was analyzed by four-circle X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy. The new phase has an orthorhombic unit cell (Fmmm) of a=0.5486(2) nm, b=0.5484(2) nm, and c=1.3059(2) nm.

关键词： rare earth manganite structure transmission electron microscopy X-ray diffractometry

Muscle hematoma:A critically important complication of alcoholic liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第35期15卷 4457-4460页

作者： Chiyo Sugiyama Akifumi Akai Noriyoshi Yamakita Tsuneko ikeda Keigo Yasuda Department of Internal Medicine Matsunami General Hospital185-1 DendaiKasamatsu-choHashima-gunGifu 501-6062Japan Department of Pathology Matsunami General Hospital185-1 DendaiKasamatsu-choHashima-gunGifu 501-6062Japan

An iliopsoas hematoma can occur either spontaneously or secondary to trauma or bleeding tendency due to hemophilia and anticoagulant *** liver cirrhosis is commonly associated with coagulopathy, iliopsoas hematoma is very *** herein,present a case of bilateral iliopsoas hematoma in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis,and review the literature on muscle hematoma associated with cirrhosis.A 56-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis was admitted in a state of shock with *** cause of anemia could not be detected,and the patient was treated conservatively. The site of bleeding was not detected with either gastroduodenal endoscopy or upper abdominal computed tomography,the latter of which did not include the iliopsoas *** died on the 10th day of admission and bilateral iliopsoas hematomas were found on *** iron stain was positive in the iliopsoas *** cases of muscle hematoma associated with cirrhosis,including the present case, were found in a review of the *** of these cases involved the rectus abdominis muscle,3 involved the iliopsoas muscle and 1 involved combined *** cirrhosis accounted for 75%of the *** case(12.5%)was associated with virus- related cirrhosis,and another with combined virus- and alcohol-related *** mortality rate was 75%despite early diagnosis and low risk scores for *** hematoma in patients with cirrhosis isclosely related to alcoholism,and the mortality rate of the condition is extremely *** conclusion,muscle hematoma should be recognized as an important complication of cirrhosis.

关键词： Alcohol Bilateral Cirrhosis lliopsoas Muscle hematoma

Phonon broadening in high entropy alloys

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 154-162页

作者： Fritz Kormann Yuji ikeda Blazej Grabowski Marcel H.F.Sluiter Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology2628 CD DelftThe Netherlands Center for Elements Strategy Initiative for Structural Materials Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Computationals Materials Design Max-Planck-Institut fur Eisenforschung GmbH40237 DusseldorfGermany

Refractory high entropy alloys feature outstanding properties making them a promising materials class for next-generation hightemperature *** high temperatures,materials properties are strongly affected by lattice vibrations(phonons).Phonons critically influence thermal stability,thermodynamic and elastic properties,as well as thermal *** contrast to perfect crystals and ordered alloys,the inherently present mass and force constant fluctuations in multi-component random alloys(high entropy alloys)can induce significant phonon scattering and *** their importance,phonon scattering and broadening have so far only scarcely been investigated for high entropy *** tackle this challenge from a theoretical perspective and employ ab initio calculations to systematically study the impact of force constant and mass fluctuations on the phonon spectral functions of 12 body-centered cubic random alloys,from binaries up to 5-component high entropy alloys,addressing the key question of how chemical complexity impacts *** find that it is crucial to include both mass and force constant *** one or the other is neglected,qualitatively wrong results can be obtained such as artificial phonon band *** analyze how the results obtained for the phonons translate into thermodynamically integrated quantities,specifically the vibrational *** in the vibrational entropy with increasing the number of elements can be as large as changes in the configurational entropy and are thus important for phase stability *** set of studied alloys includes MoTa,MoTaNb,MoTaNbW,MoTaNbWV,VW,VWNb,VWTa,VWNbTa,VTaNbTi,VWNbTaTi,HfZrNb,HfMoTaTiZr.

关键词： alloys entropy high

Removal of organic matter and nitrogen from distillery wastewater by a combination of methane fermentation and denitrification/nitrification processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期18卷 654-659页

作者： LI Jun ZHANG Zhen-jia LI Zhi-rong HUANG Guang-yu naoki Abe School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Shenyang 110168 China GuangdongJiujiang Distillery Co. Ltd. Nanhai 528205 China Matsudo Research Laboratory Hitachi Plant Technologies. Ltd. Tokyo Japan

The distillery wastewater of Guangdong Jiujiang Distillery, which is characteristic of containing high organic matters and rich total nitrogen, was treated by a combination of methane fermentation and denitrification/nitrification processes. 80% of COD in the raw wastewater was removed by methane fermentation at the COD volumetric loading rate of 20 kg COD/（m^3·d） using the expanded granule sludge bed （EGSB） process. However, almost all the organic nitrogen in the raw wastewater was converted into ammonia by ammonification there. Ammonia and volatile fatty acids （VFA） remaining in the anaerobically treated wastewater were simultaneously removed utilizing VFA as an electron donor by denitrification occurring in the other EGSB reactor and nitrification using PEG-immobilized nitrifying bacteria with recirculation process. An aerobic biological contact oxidization reactor was designed between denitrification/nitrification reactor for further COD removal. With the above treatment system, 18000-28000 mg/L of COD in raw wastewater was reduced to less than 100 mg/L. Also, ammonia in the effluent of the system was not detected and the system had a high removal rate for 900-1200 mg/L of TN in the raw wastewater, only leaving 400 mg/L of nitrate nitrogen.

关键词： ammonia COD VFA methane fermentation denitrification nitrification distillery wastewater immobilized nitrifyingbacteria

The Influence of Iron on Ammonium Ion Generation from Nitrate Ion in Liquid Phase

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第1期7卷 2673-2677页

作者： Youhei Kinoshita naoki Okumura Kazunori Takashima Shinji Katsura Akira Mizuno Department of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 JapanDepartment of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 JapanDepartment of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 JapanDepartment of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 JapanDepartment of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 Japan

Flue gas cleaning in discharge plasma process has been studied intensivelyand we have tried to remove the NO_x and SO_2 using the wet-type plasma reactor. In this system, NOis oxidized to NO_2 and absorbed as NO_3^-, and SO_2 is absorbed as SO_3^(2-) and oxidized in theliquid to SO_4^(2-). But the concentration of NO_3^- was saturated and the absorption of NO_x andSO_2 was inhibited. Then, the reduction of NO_3^- in the liquid is required. We examined thereductive reaction of NO_3^- to NH_4^+ using discharge above the liquid surface then the pH value ofthe liquid was changed to alkaline slightly. When the Fe plate was used as a ground electrode inthe liquid, NH_4^+ was generated. Then, the relation between the generation of NH_4^+ and Fe ions(Fe^(2+) and Fe^(3+)) was studied. When Fe^(2+) was presented in the liquid, NH_4^+ was generatedand Fe^(2+) was oxidized to Fe^(3+). Fe^(2+) is required to generate NH_4^+ from NO_3^-. When NH_4^+was generated from NO_3^-, both the calculated pH value from NH_4^+ concentration and the measuredpH value indicated a similar value. From these results, the discharge above the liquid surface waseffective to convert NO_3^- to NH_4^+ and the reductive reaction leads to more absorption of NO_3^-.These results showed that the wet-type plasma reactor is effective for NO_x and SO_2 removalsystem.

关键词： discharge plasma reduction nitric acid ammonium

Microstructural origins of high strength of Al-Si alloy manufactured by laser powder bed fusion:In-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction approach

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第11期178卷 80-89页

作者： naoki Takata Mulin Liu Masahiro Hirata Asuka Suzuki Makoto Kobashi Masaki Kato Hiroki Adachi Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8603 Japan Graduate School of Engineering University of HyogoHimeji 671-2280Japan Aichi Center for Industry and Science Technology 1267-1 AkiaiYakusa-choToyota 470-0356 Japan

The microstructural factors contributing to the high strength of additive-manufactured Al-Si alloys us-ing laser-beam powder bed fusion(PBF-LB)were identified by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction in tensile deformation and transmission electron ***-LB and heat treatment were employed to manufacture Al-12%Si binary alloy specimens with different *** an early stage of de-formation prior to macroscopic yielding,stress was dominantly partitioned into the α-Al matrix,rather than the Si phase in all *** concentrated Si solute(~3%)in the α-Al matrix promoted the dynamic precipitation of nanoscale Si phase during loading,thereby increasing the yield *** macroscopic yielding,the partitioned stress in the Si phase monotonically increased in the strain-hardening regime with an increase in the dislocation density in the α-Al *** a later stage of strain hardening,the flow curves of the partitioned stress in the Si phase yielded stress relaxation owing to plastic ***,Si-phase particles localized along the cell walls in the cellular-solidified microstructure play a significant role in dislocation obstacles for strain *** with the results of the heat-treated specimens with different microstructural factors,the dominant strengthening factors of PBF-LB manufactured Al-Si alloys were discussed.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Aluminum alloys Microstructures X-ray diffraction(XRD) Strain hardening

Phase Behavior and Crystal Structure of Perovskite-Type Rare Earth Complex Oxides

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第6期24卷 668-672页

作者： Migaku Kobayashi Ryoko Katsuraya Tsubasa Nara Yusuke Tomita Hiromi Nakano naoki Kamegashira Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Numazu College of Technology 3600 Ooka Numazu 410-8501 Japan Ryukoku University Seta Otsu 520-2194 Japan Department of Materials Science Toyohashi University of Technology Tempaku-cho Toyohashi 441-8580 Japan

Several compounds of rare earth complex oxides containing manganese and titanium were synthesized in Ar, and their crystal structures were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction data and Rietveld method. Structures of A0.67Ln0.33 Mn0.33Ti0.6703（A = Ca or Sr and Ln = rare earth） were found to have orthorhombic symmetry with the space group Pnrna, and their interatomic distances and bond angles were obtained. This space group was also derived from electron microscopic study. Electrical conductivity of Cao.67Ln0.33Mn0.33Ti0.6703 for several rare earth elements showed a semiconducting property with the activation energy of 0.4 eV. Some of these compounds of the strontium system show the antiferromagnetic properties below 10 K.

关键词： perovskite crystal structure X-ray diffraction alkaline earth rare earth manganese titanium oxide

Room temperature operation of all-solid-state battery using a closo-type complex hydride solid electrolyte and a LiCoO_(2) cathode by interfacial modification

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第4期29卷 47-51页

作者： Sangryun Kim Kentaro Harada naoki Toyama Hiroyuki Oguchi Kazuaki Kisu Shin-ichi Orimo Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research(WPI-AIMR) Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan New Industry Creation Hatchery Center(NICHe) Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8579Japan

We report on an all-solid-state battery that employs a closo-type complex hydride solid electrolyte and a LiCoO2 *** modification between the solid electrolyte and cathode with a LiNbO3 buffer layer enables reversible charge-discharge cycling with a cell voltage of 3.9V (***^+/Li) at room *** analyses clarify that the given modification effectively suppresses side reactions at the cathode/solid electrolyte *** interfacial resistance is lowered by ca.10 times with a 5 nm thick LiNbO3 buffer layer compared to that without a buffer layer,so that a discharge capacity of 109 mAh g^-1 is *** results suggest that interfacial modification can be a viable approach to the development of high-voltage all-solid-state batteries using closo-type complex hydride solid electrolytes and oxide cathodes.

关键词： All-solid-state batteries Closo-type complex hydride Solid electrolyte High-voltage cathodes Interfacial modification