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Pegylated interferon α/ribavirin therapy enhances bone mineral density in children with chronic genotype 4 HCV infection

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第4期13卷 346-352页

作者： Ahmed Megahed nanees salem Abeer Fathy Tarik Barakat Mona Abd El Latif Alsayed Suzy Abd El Mabood Khaled R Zalata Ahmed F Abdalla Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Mansoura University Children's HospitalFaculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityEgypt Pediatric Endocrinology Unit Mansoura University Children's HospitalFaculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityEgypt Pediatric Hematology&Oncology Unit Mansoura University Children's HospitalFaculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityEgypt Pathology Department Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityEgypt

Background:The impact of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) on bone mineral density (BMD) has been well studied in adults with a relative paucity of data in children,especially concerning effect of treatment with pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RV).In the current work,we assessed prospectively changes in BMD in children with CHC before,during,and after ***:Forty-six consecutive children with noncirrhotic genotype 4 CHC were subjected to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline,24 weeks,48 weeks of therapy and 24 weeks after ***,bone mineral content (BMC),and Z score of lumbar spine (L2-L4) were *** pubertal stage,viral load,liver function tests,serum calcium,phosphorus,alkaline phosphatase,parathyroid hormone,and liver histopathology were assessed in all included ***:Thirty (65.2%) patients had normal BMD,10 (21.7%) were at risk for low BMD,and 6 (13.1%) had low BMD for chronological *** with low BMD were significantly older (P=0.001),with higher frequency of delayed puberty than other groups (P=0.002).Baseline densitometric parameters (BMD & BMC) were significantly positively correlated with patients' age,weight,height,body mass index and hemoglobin level;while they were insignificantly correlated with basal viral load,histopathology activity index and fibrosis *** parameters improved significantly on PEG-IFN plus RV treatment,this improvement was found to be sustainable 24 weeks after ***:Low BMD is detectable in a proportion of CHC *** therapy leads to a sustainable increase in BMD.

关键词： bone mineral density chronic hepatitis C pegylated interferon ribavirin

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埃及作家纳娃勒·赛阿达维作品中的女性主义意识研究

埃及作家纳娃勒·赛阿达维作品中的女性主义意识研究

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作者： nanees Mohamed（娅璇）浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

新中国的诞生改变了中国女性的地位,她们摆脱了各种陈规陋习,逐渐走出闺房,步入社会。在日益强大的中国,人们越来越强调男女平等。而同为四大文明古国的埃及,如今却还有很多地区的女性饱受折磨,她们地位低下,在父权主义的支配下,女性身... 详细信息

新中国的诞生改变了中国女性的地位,她们摆脱了各种陈规陋习,逐渐走出闺房,步入社会。在日益强大的中国,人们越来越强调男女平等。而同为四大文明古国的埃及,如今却还有很多地区的女性饱受折磨,她们地位低下,在父权主义的支配下,女性身心都受到很大的伤害。甚至还有很多地方保留着女性割礼的陋习。有一位伟大的女性作家终于为此做出反抗,她就是纳娃勒·赛阿达纳。纳娃勒·赛阿达维,是一位埃及医生,作家,社会活动家,她的一生都在与埃及压迫女性的陋习作斗争,为埃及女性争取社会地位。在她的心中,从医生到作家,从手术刀到钢笔,从隐喻的写作手法到现实生活中的抗争,无一不是为了表达自己对阿拉伯女性各种权利的渴望。她的作品批判了当代阿拉伯世界的现状,也清楚地表达了自己。她是一位深深扎根于本土,为自己和众多女性奋起反抗的文学家。她的作品离不开现实,写的都是她自己的生活,只有深刻地体会过,用自己最疼痛的东西表达自己,才能使作品融入世界,获得认可。然而,她不仅仅是为了认可,在1981年,赛阿达维被捕入狱,90年代被迫流亡,就算面对危险,饱受争议,她也奋不顾身,继续为自己国家的女性奋斗着,她只是希望自己国家的女性不再继续低头忍受,也希望自己的国家摆脱落后的窘境。本论文旨在研究纳娃勒·赛阿达维作品中的女性主义意识,第一章介绍研究背景、目的,作家生平,以此来了解作者的女性主义意识,及女性主义意识在其作品中的体现。纳娃勒·赛阿达维用自己的作品来表现她顽强的斗志、传递与表达她作为女性的心声。本文通过对她作品的研究来展现出她对于阿拉伯世界的影响,以及她对世界其他地区的影响,从埃及人的角度来分析她对女性做出的贡献。第二章主要分析女性主义的定义,阿拉伯女性主义,西方女性主义及其历史。揭示女性的要求及过去的一些女性社会活动家对改变女性地位所做出的贡献。第三章主要分析赛阿达维在文章中所表达的阿拉伯文化,她在作品中对文化陋习的抨击及提出的解决之道。阿拉伯世界的广大读者深受其作品的影响,尤其是年轻人,他们想要改变社会,反抗社会的病态风俗,渴望看到更美好,更发展,更开放的社会。无论是从文学的角度,还是从社会的角度看,赛阿达维的作品都深刻辩证地展示了阿拉伯文化,她不仅批评阿拉伯文化的陋习,也对陋习提出了自己的解决办法。第四章来分析纳娃勒·赛阿达维对女性主义意识的呼唤。并分析她自身的女性主义、特点、表现方式及其选择女性主义的原因。从其他文章中可以看出当代埃及底层人民在父权主义的政治文化下的传统观念。在父权文化和男人主导的权利下,女孩的贞操,妻子视为家庭的“财产”,男性认为女性是“残缺”的,而纳娃勒·赛阿达维则用种种作品和做为医生的职业来为女性争取更多的权利,令很多女性重新定位自己,肯定自己,从而不再成为父权主义下的财产和工具。第五章主要是介绍社会各界人士对纳娃勒·赛阿达维的看法、评论与批评,及她在面对批评时的应对之策。她在饱受批评时,选择出国学习继续深造,并没有退缩放手,她要用最有利的知识武器来接着勇敢斗争。赛阿达维不仅是阿拉伯世界的女性主义者,更是代表全世界。她不仅批评阿拉伯世界的男女不平等,也抨击了在世界不同地区领域中所存在的重男轻女现象。随着社会的发展,不同文化间的交流,每伙民族都对不同文化观念的差异有了或多或少的对比认知。赛阿达维虽深深扎根于埃及的土地,但这并不影响她在世界范围内对两性不平等观念的批判,就像她面对抨击时表现出的态度一样,她对两性不平等的观念批判,是坚决而勇敢的。本文结论为,在纳娃勒·赛阿达维的所有作品中,都表达了她对阿拉伯父权主义下女性的不满,表达了她渴望的平等,渴望女性权利的想法。她不仅捍卫阿拉伯世界的女权主义,而且也捍卫全世界范围内的女权主义。作为作家,她写出来这些屡禁不止的陋习,用性别平等的理论思想,从男女两性引申出平等的人性,写出了当代女性主义的积极发展方向,深刻地批评了当代男女性别歧视和不平等现象。

关键词：纳娃勒·赛阿达维女权主义阿拉伯文化埃及文学

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Association between Dietary Habits and Body Mass Index to Female Students College Sciences and Arts Campus 1 at Khamis Mushayt King Khalid University

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第14期6卷 1316-1323页

作者： Bothaina Abd El Hakeem Sraa Abu-Melha nanees Gad Mona Alsheri Department of Public Health College of Applied Medical Sciences King Khalid University Khamis Mushayt KSA Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science King Khalid University Abha KSA

Background: In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), recent studies revealed increasing consumption of animal products and refined foods in the diet at the expense of vegetables and fruits. These dietary changes were accused of increasing the prevalence of both overweight and obesity observed among Saudi children, adolescences and adults in the last few decades. Objectives: The present study was a cross sectional study aimed at exploring the BMI distribution among students of college of Sciences and Arts for girls Khamis Mushayt Campus 1 at King Khalid University (KKU) and investigated how Dietary habits of students female affected body mass index (BMI). Methods: A total of 240 female students aged 18 - 22 years were about 25% from total students randomly chosen from college of Arts and Science Campus 1 at Khamis Mushayt, King Khalid University, KSA for the present study. A self-reported questionnaire about the student’s dietary habits was conducted and their body mass index (BMI) was measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and Chi-square test conducted for variables. Results: About half of the students (47%) were within normal weight, 27.4% were under weight, 16% were overweight and 9.6% were categorized obese. The majority of the students reported eating meals with their family while more than half of sample (58.7%) had eating meals during watching TV. It was worth mentioning that 84.5% of students reported eating snacks such as chocolate and chips 3 or more times per week. There were no significant differences between BMI category and dietary habits. Conclusion and Recommendations: There were no significant difference between body mass index category and dietary habits. Increasing educational programs introduced healthy dietary concepts to improve the dietary habits of female students.

关键词： BMI Female Obesity Dietary Habits

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Genotoxicity among Hairdressers and the Level of Commitment to Occupational Safety Measures at Beauty Salons, in Zagazig City, Egypt

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2014年第2期2卷 19-29页

作者： Rehab A. M. Hammam nanees S. E. Ghareeb Manar H. M. Arafa Hebatallah H. M. Atteia Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt Department of Community Environmental and Occupational Medicine Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

Hairdressers are chronically exposed to several occupational hazards during their work including potentially genotoxic chemicals. Hair dying, hair smoothening and straightening products are hazardous chemicals that affect human health and are frequently used in beauty salons. So, this study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic risk among the studied hairdressers, to estimate the level of p-phenylenediamine (p-PDA) in urine and to assess the degree of adherence of the studied hair- dressers to occupational safety measures at work. A comparative cross sectional study was carried out on 40 hairdressers working in beauty salons in Zagazig city, Egypt and 40 administrative staff at faculty of medicine as a control group. The results of the study revealed a significant increase in mean concentration of urinary p-PDA as well as significant increase in DNA damage assessed by Comet assay in lymphocytes among studied hairdressers than among their controls. Also, there was a statistically significant decrease in adherence to most of the occupational safety precaution measures that should be followed by the studied hairdressers. The significant risk factors of high Comet total mean score among the studied hairdressers were occupational use of hair straightening ≥8 times/week, use of hair dyes at work ≥15 times/week, length of service ≥13 years, negligence of wearing gloves during work, use of bleaching agents ≥12/week and negligence of hand wash after handling chemicals. So, it was concluded that the hairdressers are occupationally exposed to the risk of genotoxic hazards from chemicals frequently used in their work. The lack of commitment to occupational safety measures at beauty salons like wearing gloves during work and hand washing increases the risk of genotoxicity.

关键词： Hairdressers Comet Assay P-Phenylenediamine Occupational Safety

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