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High-resolution two-photon transcranial imaging of brain using direct wavefront sensing

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Photonics Research 2021年第6期9卷 1144-1156页

作者： CONGPING CHEN ZHONGyA QIN SICONG HE SHAOJUN LIU SHUN-FAT LAU WANJIE WU DAN ZHU nancy y.ip JIANAN y.QU Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Center of Systems Biology and Human Health The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering SciencesHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Molecular Neuroscience Center The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

Imaging of the brain in its native state at high spatial resolution poses major challenges to visualization ***-photon microscopy integrated with the thinned-skull or optical clearing skull technique provides a minimally invasive tool for in vivo imaging of the cortex of mice without activating immune response and inducing brain ***,the imaging contrast and spatial resolution are severely compromised by the optical heterogeneity of the skull,limiting the imaging depth to the superficial *** this work,an optimized configuration of an adaptive optics two-photon microscope system and an improved wavefront sensing algorithm are proposed for accurate correction for the aberrations induced by the skull window and brain *** this system,we achieved subcellular resolution transcranial imaging of layer 5 pyramidal neurons up to 700μm below pia in living *** addition,we investigated microglia–plaque interaction in living brain of Alzheimer’s disease and demonstrated high-precision laser dendrotomy and single-spine ablation.

关键词： resolution photon system

S-nitrosylation of Cdk5 regulates its kinase activity and dendrite growth during neuronal development

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S-nitrosylation of Cdk5 regulates its kinase activity and de...

中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Anthony H.K.Tsang Amy K.y.Fu Wing-yu FU Kenny K.Chung nancy y.ip Division of Life Science Molecular Neuroscience Center and State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water Bay

＜正＞Objective Precise regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5（Cdk5）,a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family,is critical for the proper neuronal development and ***5 is activated through its association with the neuron-specific activator p35 or ***,how its kinase activity is regulated in neurons is not well *** the present study,we investigate whether Cdk5 is regulated by the S-nitrosylation,a post-translational modification of protein,and how the S-nitrosylation of Cdk5 modulates its kinase activity and functions during neuronal *** The kinase activity of Cdk5 upon S-nitrosylation was measured using in vitro kinase *** potential physiological role of S-nitrosylation of Cdk5 in neuronal development was studied by overexpressing Cdk5 or its C83A mutant in hippocampal *** change in the neuronal morphology was examined using confocal ***（1）Cdk5 is S-nitrosylated both in vitro and in vivo.（2）S-nitrosylation of Cdk5 inhibits its kinase activity.（3）Inhibition of the S-nitrosylation of Cdk5 enhances dendrite growth in neurons. Conclusion S-nitrosylation of Cdk5 regulates its activity and dendritic development.

关键词： cyclin dependent kinase 5 p35 dendrite nitric oxide S-nitrosylation

Postsynaptic signaling of new players at synapses

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Postsynaptic signaling of new players at synapses

中国神经科学学会第六届学术会议暨学会成立十周年庆祝大会

作者： nancy y. ip Department of Biochemistry Biotechnology Research Institute and Molecular Neuroscience Center Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water Bay

＜正＞Neurons communicate with each other at synapses. Most of our knowledge about how synaptic connections are formed and maintained is derived from studies of the neuromuscular junction （NMJ）. During the past decade, enormous progress has been made in identifying and characterizing the molecular players at the postsynaptic side of synapses. Several receptor tyrosine kinases, such as MuSK, ErbB and TrkB, have been implicated to play critical roles in mediating the formation and maintenance of the NMJ. In this talk, I will discuss some of the novel signaling mechanisms identified in our laboratory, involving molecules such as cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk5 which belongs to the Cdk family, and EphA4, a member of the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases. While early studies on these molecules focused on the roles in axonal guidance, their unexpected involvement in modulating synaptic functions has recently begun to be unraveled. Elucidating the functional significance of these proteins in muscle not only expands our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic development, it also provides new insights into the modulation of neurotrophic factor signaling in the nervous system.

关键词： postsynaptic sinaling communication

Functional roles of Mst3 in radial migration during the development of mouse cerebral cortex

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Functional roles of Mst3 in radial migration during the deve...

中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Jacque P K ip Amy K y FU nancy y.ip Division of Life Science State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water Bay

＜正＞Objective Radial migration is critical for the lamination of cerebral cortex during early brain development. Whereas the migration of neurons requires a precise regulation of the organization and dynamics of cytoskeleton including microtubule and actin network,the underlying signaling mechanisms are not well *** the present study,we investigate the functional roles of a kinase Mst3 in radial migration during cortical *** The radial migration in mouse neocortex was investigated by in utero *** cone collapse assay in cultured hippocampal neurons was performed using confocal ***（1） We identified that Mst3, a serine/threonine kinase highly expressed in the developing mouse brain,regulates the neuronal differentiation. （2） Silencing of Mst3 by in utero electroporation resulted in a significant delay on the neuronal migration in the developing mouse neocortex.（2） Kinase activity of Mst3 was essential for its functions in neuronal morphogenesis and migration.（3） Mst3 was co-localized with F-actin at the growth cones of cultured hippocampal neurons,and regulated actin *** Kinase activity of Mst3 is important for neuronal morphogenesis and radial migration through modulation of actin dynamics.

关键词： mammalian Sterile 20-like kinase 3 Mst3 neuronal migration actin dynamics

Using Semantic Web Technologies to Improve the Extract Transform Load Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 2711-2726页

作者： Amena Mahmoud Mahmoud y.Shams O.M.Elzeki nancy Awadallah Awad Department of Computer Science Kafrelshiekh UniversityKafrelshiekhEgypt Department of Machine Learning Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelshiekhEgypt Department of Computer Science Mansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt Department of Computer and Information Systems Sadat Academy for Management SciencesCairoEgypt

Semantic Web(SW)provides new opportunities for the study and application of big data,massive ranges of data sets in varied formats from multiple *** studies focus on potential SW technologies for resolving big data problems,such as structurally and semantically heterogeneous data that result from the variety of data formats(structured,semi-structured,numeric,unstructured text data,email,video,audio,stock ticker).SW offers information semantically both for people and machines to retain the vast volume of data and provide a meaningful output of unstructured *** the current research,we implement a new semantic Extract Transform Load(ETL)model that uses SW technologies for aggregating,integrating,and representing data as linked ***,geospatial data resources are aggregated from the internet,and then a semantic ETL model is used to store the aggregated data in a semantic model after converting it to Resource Description Framework(RDF)format for successful integration and *** principal contribution of this research is the synthesis,aggregation,and semantic representation of geospatial data to solve problems.A case study of city data is used to illustrate the semantic ETL model’s *** results show that the proposed model solves the structural and semantic heterogeneity problems in diverse data sources for successful data aggregation,integration,and representation.

关键词： Semantic web big data ETL model linked data geospatial data

Fuelwood assessment at the micro-watershed level:a case study in Garhwal Himalaya,India

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2015年第2期13卷 177-186页

作者： y.S.C.Khuman nancy Raina Ranjita Pandey K.S.Rao School of Agriculture Indira Gandhi National Open University Department of Botany University of Delhi Department of Statistics University of Delhi

Biomass,as fuelwood,is one of the major sources of energy in rural areas,especially in the mountainous regions of the *** the increasing human population exerts more pressure on the forest thereby inducing an adverse effect on the sustainability of the ecosystem,which consequently causes fuelwood crisis at a local level,this crisis is spatio-temporal in ***,the major objective of this study is to assess the sustainability of fuelwood at different probable scenarios at a micro watershed *** present study was conducted in the Phakot watershed,the Tehri Garhwal district of central Himalaya in India,during *** on the vegetation composition in the study area,the net primary productivity(NPP)value of the Oak forest,and mixed oak and sal forests,was used for the quantification of fuelwood availability in evergreen and deciduous forests,*** fuelwood demand was calculated on the basis of seasonal fuelwood consumption *** probable permutations for availability-demand scenarios assuming the existence of high(H),low(L)and average(A)conditions were analyzed for evaluating the *** available annual harvestable fuelwood in the watershed is in the minimum and maximum ranges of 2283.28 to 4066.00 tons,respectively,per year whereas it has a demand of 110.76 tons as the minimum to 3659 tons as the maximum *** shows that in the current availabilitydemand scenario,the watershed does not have fuelwood crisis in the present situation but needs to maintain the sustainability of the *** on our study,it is concluded that,globally,more spatio-temporal study is required to understand the issues at the local level.

关键词： watershed fuelwood assessment biomass stress sustainability

Life cycle environmental impact assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production and utilization in Northwestern Ontario,Canada

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 799-809页

作者： Krish Homagain Chander Shahi nancy Luckai Mahadev Sharma Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University Ontario Forest Research Institute

Biochar-based bioenergy production and sub- sequent land application of biochar can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by fixing atmospheric carbon into the soil for a long period of time. A thorough life cycle assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production and biochar land application in Northwestern Ontario is conducted using SimaPro Ver. 8.1. The results of energy consumption and potential environmental impact of biochar-based bioenergy production system are compared with those of conventional coal-based system. Results show that biocbar land application consumes 4847.61 MJ per tonne dry feedstock more energy than conventional system, but reduces the GHG emissions by 68.19 kg CO2e per tonne of dry feed- stock in its life cycle. Biochar land application improves ecosystem quality by 18 %, reduces climate change by 15 %, and resource use by 13 % but may adversely impact on human health by increasing disability adjusted life years by 1.7 % if biomass availability is low to medium. Replacing fossil fuel with woody biomass has a positiveimpact on the environment, as one tonne of dry biomass feedstock when converted to biochar reduces up to 38 kg CO2e with biochar land application despite using more energy. These results will help understand a comprehensive picture of the new interventions in forestry businesses, which are promoting biochar-based bioenergy production.

关键词： Woody biomass Carbon sequestration Environmental impact assessment Greenhouse gasemissions Life cycle analysis Soil amendment

Almost primes in short intervals

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第9期53卷 2511-2524页

作者： WU Jie Institut Elie Cartan nancy,CNRS,nancy-Université,INRIA,Boulevard des Aiguillettes,B.P.239,54506 Vand CEuvre-lès-nancy,France 1. Institut Elie Cartan nancy CNRS Nancy-Université INRIA Boulevard des Aiguillettes B.P. 239 54506 Vand?uvre-lès-Nancy France

In this paper,we prove that the short interval(x-x101/232,x] contains at least an almost prime P2 for sufficiently large x,where P2 denotes an integer having at most two prime factors counted with multiplicity.

关键词： estimates on exponential sums distribution of integers with specified multiplicative constraints applications of sieve methods

Impact of medical therapy on patients with Crohn's disease requiring surgical resection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11808-11814页

作者： yT nancy Fu Thomas Hong Andrew Round Brian Bressler Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of British Columbia St. Paul’s Hospital Vancouver BC V6Z 1Y6 Canada Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada GI Clinic and Gastrointestinal Research Institute Vancouver BC V6Z 2K5 Canada

AIM: To evaluate the impact of medical therapy on Crohn’s disease patients undergoing their first surgical resection.

关键词： Crohn's disease Surgery Medication Phe-notype Biologics Anti-tumor necrosis factor Immuno-modulators Inflammatory bowel disease