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One man’s trash-another man’s treasure: fecal transplantation

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第6期8卷 623-625页

作者： nancy Gupta Stephen B.Hanauer Digestive Health Center University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIAUSA Digestive Health Center Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA

Discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized the field of oncology.Immune checkpoints play a key role in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity.Under normal situation,immune responses are regulated by a balance between co-stimulatory and inhibitory signals referred to as"immune checkpoints".Activated T cells express multiple co-inhibitory receptors such as lymphocyte-activation gene 3(LAG-3),programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4(CTLA-4)that are primary mediators of immune effector responses to self-proteins,chronic infections and tumor antigens.In tumors these immune checkpoints allow the tumor cells to dodge anti-tumor response(1).Checkpoint inhibitors(CPI)block these immune checkpoints allowing the immune system to attack tumor cells(2).Although the immune system has the inherent ability to distinguish self from non-self and thus typically mount an attack on the non-self-cancer cells;over-activation of the immune response can lead to serious adverse events collectively called immune-related adverse events(irAEs)(3).While activation of the immune system and development of irAEs has been associated with better outcomes for underlying cancer(4),the associated side effects increase morbidity and mortality in addition to having a negative impact on patient’s quality of life.irAEs associated with CPI therapy can have delayed manifestation and present after the CPI have been discontinued(5).

关键词： homeostasis mortality collective

The Effects of Xbox Kinect Active Video Gaming on Executive Function, Inhibition, in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2022年第6期12卷 287-301页

作者： Daphne Golden Ling-Yin Liang nancy Getchell Department of Physical Therapy University of St. Augustine for the Health Sciences Augustine FL USA Department of Physical Therapy University of Evansville Evansville IN USA Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE USA

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of sedentary video gaming (SVG), active video gaming (AVG), and brisk walking (WLK) on inhibition and reaction time using the Flanker task in boys with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We had 9 participants with ASD and 10 age-matched participants without ASD perform 20-minute bouts of each activity, and then had them take the Flanker test. Dependent measures were reaction time (RT) and accuracy (ACC). A Chi-Square analysis revealed that the ASD and TD groups significantly differed in the percent of participants who improved in both of these measures. Next, we looked at each of the conditions exclusively within the ASD group and compared congruent and incongruent trials. In the AVG condition, participants improved a significantly higher percentage on ACC. In the SVG condition, participants improved a significantly higher percentage on incongruent in RT;for ACC, a higher percentage improved on the congruent trials. In WLK, participants improved a significantly higher percentage in RT in the congruent condition.

关键词： Autism Spectrum Disorder Exergaming Physical Activity Cognitive Function

Decoding the role of extracellular vesicles in liver diseases

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Liver Research 2017年第3期1卷 147-155页

作者： Fengyan Deng nancy Magee Yuxia Zhang Department of Pharmacology Toxicology&TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA

Cell-to-cell communication is a fascinating process that is essential for maintaining tissue and wholebody homeostasis.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are cell-derived membrane-bound nanoparticles that are a means of communication between cells.Accumulating evidence indicates that EVs can render either beneficial or harmful outcomes,depending on the specific cargos(e.g.,proteins,lipids,RNAs)transferred between cells.EVs also have great value as diagnostic and prognostic markers of disease because they are present in a variety of biological fluids and carry bioactive molecules from their cells or tissues of origin.Liver cells can both release and receive EVs derived from other cells and emerging evidence indicates that liver EVs play important roles in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases,including liver cancer,viral hepatitis,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,and alcoholic liver disease.This review provides an overview of the biogenesis and secretion of EVs and summarizes the most recent advances in understanding the role of EVs in liver physiology and diseases.Additionally,we discuss potential applications of liver EVs as biomarkers and in therapeutic approaches to treat liver diseases.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles(EVs) Liver Disease Metabolism Biomarker

The Emergence of a Globalized System for Disaster Risk Management and Challenges for Appropriate Governance

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第1期6卷 87-93页

作者： Steven JJensen Shirley Feldmann-Jensen David MJohnston nancy ABrown College of Health and Human Services California State University GNS Science School of Psychology Joint Centre of Disaster ResearchMassey University

Disaster risk management(DRM) is undergoing noteworthy changes, reflecting the broader shifts in global and local levels of governance. At the global level two significant changes are of interest:(1) the shift from monolithic structures of global governance to a wide range of organizations that can be brought together for specific purposes and(2) the emergence of a globalized system of DRM, with technological, organizational, and institutional capacities enhancing DRM’s ability as a unit in near real time across the globe. At the local level there is an increase in ability to govern and develop creative solutions for complex problems that follow rapid urbanization. The importance of getting the global–local interface to work in tandem has been highlighted by recent hazard events, such as the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami. From a broad view of global and local shifts, a strategic role is becoming clearer at the national level for enhancing the relationships between the global and local levels. Through the influence of a globalized system of DRM, the local level can significantly improve its capacity without the heavy investment that might have been required to develop these capacities in isolation. One key to achieving this is adiffusion of DRM higher education, supported by an enhanced system of information flow.

关键词：灾难风险管理全球统治全球化全球化的系统本地统治国家统治

Community-Based Health Insurance： An Evolutionary Approach to Achieving Universal Coverage in Low-Income Countries

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第3期6卷 320-329页

作者： Hong wang nancy Pielemeier Abt Associates Inc. 4550 Montgomery Ave Suite 800 North Bethesda MD 20814 USA Yale University 60 College St. New Haven CT 06520 USA

The WHO World Health Assembly, and the most recent WHO World Health Report, have called for all health systems to move toward universal coverage. However, low-income countries have made little progress in this respect. We use existing evidence to describe the evolution of community-based health insurance in low-income countries through the three stages of basic model, enhanced model, and nationwide model. We have concluded that community-based health insurance development is a potential strategy to meet the urgent need for health financing in low-income countries. With careful planning and implementation, it is possible to adopt such evolutionary approach to achieve universal coverage by extending tax-based financing/social insurance characteristics to community-based health insurance schemes.

关键词：医疗保险基础社区收入覆盖健康卫生系统世卫组织

SimMarket research student playbook / nancy J. Nentl, Craig Miller.

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SimMarket research student playbook / Nancy J. Nentl, Craig ...

Evaluation of biostimulation and Tween 80 addition for the bioremediation of long-term DDT-contaminated soil

2003年

作者： nancy J. Nentl Craig Miller.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第2期27卷 101-109页

作者： Bibiana Betancur-Corredor nancy J.Pino Santiago Cardona Gustavo A.Peuela GDCON Research Group Faculty of Engineering University Research Headquarters (SIU) University of Antioquia School of Geosciences and Environment Faculty of Mines National University of Colombia School of Microbiology University of Antioquia

The bioremediation of a long-term contaminated soil through biostimulation and surfactant addition was evaluated. The concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis（4-chlorophenyl）ethane（DDT） and its metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis（4-chlorophenyl） ethane（DDD） and1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis（4-chlorophenyl） ethylene（DDE） were monitored during an 8-week remediation process. Physicochemical characterization of the treated soil was performed before and after the bioremediation process. The isolation and identification of predominant microorganisms during the remediation process were also carried out. The efficiency of detoxification was evaluated after each bioremediation protocol. Humidity and p H and the heterotrophic microorganism count were monitored weekly. The DDT concentration was reduced by 79% after 8 weeks via biostimulation with surfactant addition（B ＋ S） and 94.3%via biostimulation alone（B）. Likewise, the concentrations of the metabolites DDE and DDD were reduced to levels below the quantification limits. The microorganisms isolated during bioremediation were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, Flavobacterium sp., Cuprivadius sp.,Variovorax soli, Phenylobacterium sp. and Lysobacter sp., among others. Analysis with scanning electron microscopy（SEM） allowed visualization of the colonization patterns of soil particles. The toxicity of the soil before and after bioremediation was evaluated using Vibrio fischeri as a bioluminescent sensor. A decrease in the toxic potential of the soil was verified by the increase of the concentration/effect relationship EC50 to 26.9% and 27.2% for B ＋ S and B, respectively, compared to 0.4% obtained for the soil before treatment and 2.5%by natural attenuation after 8 weeks of treatment.

关键词： DDT Soil Bioremediation Biostimulation Surfactant Toxicity

Significance of stromal-1 and stromal-2 signatures and biologic prognostic model in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第2期14卷 151-161页

作者： Asmaa Gaber Abdou nancy Asaad Mona Kandil Mohammed Shabaan Asmaa Shams Pathology Department Faculty of MedicineMenoufia University

Objective:Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma(DLBCL)is a heterogeneous group of tumors with different biological and clinical characteristics that have diverse clinical outcomes and response to therapy.Stromal-1 signature of tumor microenvironment of DLBCL represents extracellular matrix deposition and histiocytic infiltrate,whereas stromal-2 represents angiogenesis that could affect tumor progression.Methods:The aim of the present study is to assess the significance of stromal-1 signature using SPARC-1 and stromal-2 signature using CD31 expression and then finally to construct biologic prognostic model(BPM)in 60 cases of DLBCL via immunohistochemistry.Results:Microvessel density(P<0.05)and SPARC percentage of expression(P<0.001)were higher in DLBCL,including germinal and nongerminal cases,compared with reactive follicular hyperplasia.High microvessel density was significantly associated with splenic involvement(P=0.008),high mitotic count(P=0.045),and presence of capsular invasion(P=0.035).Percentage of SPARC expression was significantly associated with splenic involvement(P=0.03).Constructing BPM showed that 42 cases(70%)were of low biologic score(0–1)and 18 cases(30%)were of high biologic score(2–3).Low BPM cases showed less probability for splenic involvement(P=0.04)and a higher rate of complete response to therapy compared with high score cases(P=0.08).Conclusions:The DLBCL microenvironment could modulate tumor progression behavior since angiogenesis and SPARC positive stromal cells promote dissemination by association with spleen involvement and capsular invasion.Biologic prognostic models,including modified BPM,which considered cell origin of DLBCL and stromal signature pathways,could determine DLBCL progression and response to therapy.

关键词：生物学意义 B细胞淋巴瘤弥漫性签名模型预后 SPARC 细胞外基质

On the Convergence Rate of an Inexact Proximal Point Algorithm for Quasiconvex Minimization on Hadamard Manifolds

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2017年第4期5卷 457-467页

作者： nancy Baygorrea Erik Alex Papa Quiroz Nelson Maculan Federal University of Rio de Janeiro PESC-COPPE-UFRJPO Box 68511Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-972Brazil

In this paper,we present an analysis about the rate of convergence of an inexact proximal point algorithm to solve minimization problems for quasiconvex objective functions on Hadamard manifolds.We prove that under natural assumptions the sequence generated by the algorithm converges linearly or superlinearly to a critical point of the problem.

关键词： Proximal point method Quasiconvex function Hadamard manifolds Nonsmooth optimization Abstract subdifferential Convergence rate