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Self-Medication during Eye Affections among Consultant Patients at Chu-Iota

Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2023年第2期13卷 256-262页

作者： Assiatou Simaga Mohamed Kolé Sidibé nana wangara Seydou Diallo Ibrahima Conaré Founè Keïta Adama Dembélé Nouhoum Guirou Seydou Bakayoko Institute of Ophthalmology and Tropical Africa (IOTA) Bamako Mali

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), self-medication consists in the fact that an individual resorts to a drug, on his own initiative or that of a loved one, with the aim of treating an ailment or a symptom that he identified himself without having recourse to a health professional. Self-medication involves the use of medicinal products by the consumer to treat self-recognized disorders or symptoms, or the intermittent or continued use of a medication prescribed by a physician for chronic or recurring diseases or symptoms. The aim of this study is to determine the different characteristics of ophthalmic self-medication at the CHU-IOTA. Patients and Method: We conducted a prospective study in patients of any age who resorted to ophthalmological self-medication before the first consultation or during the ophthalmological care of consulting patients at the CHU-IOTA between January 1 and July 31, 2021. Results: Over the period, 521 cases of ophthalmological self-medication were collected out of a total of 24,512 consultations, which corresponds to a frequency of 2.12%. The average age was 37.7 years, [2 months - 78]. The sex ratio was 0.50. Economic factors were the main factor mentioned, 66.79%. Corticosteroids accounted for 45.26% of the pharmacological class with dexamethasone/neomycin eye drops being the most widely used, i.e. 22.94%. The most common complication was corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension on ametropia, i.e. 15.54%. Our patients were 68.13% educated. Among his educated patients 53.35% had no knowledge of the products. Conclusion: Given the harm associated with this practice, awareness and information campaigns aimed at the population, caregivers and pharmacists or pharmacy vendors are necessary in order to reduce the frequency of the practice of self-medication.

关键词： Self-Medication Conditions Eye CHU-IOTA

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Refractive State and Macular Abnormalities at Oct in Albino at Chu Iota

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2023年第3期13卷 267-272页

作者： Assiatou Simaga Mohamed Kolé Sidibé Ibrahima Conaré nana wangara Seydou Diallo Founè Keïta Adama Dembélé Nephthali Gnangourou Nouhoum Guirou Seydou Bakayoko Kalilou Ibrahim Gakou Hamidou Ibrahim Diepkilé Jeremy Dembélé Institute of Ophthalmology and Tropical Africa (IOTA) Bamako Mali

Introduction: A rare genetic disease, albinism is globally characterized by specific deficits of the visual system associated with a variable hypopigmentation phenotype depending on the disruption of melanin production [1]. It is linked to a hereditary defect in the biosynthesis of melanin. Disease results in a generalized decrease in the pigmentation of the appendages, skin and eyes [2]. The aim of this study is to determine the different refractive errors and the different macular anomalies during the OCT examination in oculocutaneous albinism at the CHU-IOTA. Patients and Method: We conducted a prospective study in patients over 10 years of age with oculocutaneous or ocular albinism who consulted at the CHU-IOTA between July 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021. Results: Over the period, 105 cases of oculocutaneous albinism were collected out of a total of 42,024 consultations, which corresponds to a frequency of 0.2%. The average age was 26.2 years, (11 years to 48 years). The sex ratio was 1.6. Astigmatism was the most found refractive error in 50.48% of cases, followed by myopia in 29.52% of cases and farsightedness in 20% of cases. The macular thickness between 251 - 350 was the most commonly found in both eyes, i.e. 47.25% on the right and 53.55% on the left. The bulging macula was the most frequent pathology on the OCT at the level of the two eyes, i.e. 41.42% on the right and 50.6% on the left. Conclusion: Following the visual impairments linked to albinism, early optical care and access to OCT are necessary. Thus the accompaniment of a subject with albinism and associations of albinism must be global and meet specific needs, in order to prevent or avoid ocular complications.

关键词： Refractive Defects Macula OCT Albinos CHU-IOTA

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Bilateral Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CRSC) in Pregnancy Complicated with Retroplacental Hematoma: About a Case

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2023年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Daouda Goita Moro Sidibe Mala Sylla nana wangara Mamadou Kolé Sidibe Adama Dembele Gounon Saye Abdoulaye Napo Nouhoum Guirou Adama Guindo Mamadou Adama Togo Abdoulaye Nouhoum Coulibaly Oumar Diallo Japhet Popanou Thera Lamine Traore BOUGOUNI Reference Health Center Bougouni Mali Sikasso Regional Hospital Mali/Alliance for the Development of Community Ophthalmology (ADOC) Bamako Mali Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa Bamako Mali/Alliance for the Development of Community Ophthalmology (ADOC) Bamako Mali Alliance for the Development of Community Ophthalmology (ADOC) Bamako Mali National Eye Health Program Bamako Mali

Introduction: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is associated with serous sensorineural retinal detachment in the macular region. The condition that affects the male gender more than their female counterpart results from focal leakage disturbance of retinal pigment epithelial cells and choroidal abnormalities. The corticosteroid is highlighted as one of the major factors that promote the occurrence of CSCR. Stress and pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, have also been reported by some authors. Central serous chorioretinopathy associated with pregnancy complicated by retroplacental hematoma is a rare event. Observation: We report the case of a pregnant woman at approximately 34 weeks of amenorrhea who presented a sudden and severe drop in visual acuity on a pregnancy complicated by retroplacental hematoma and delivered by cesarean section. The diagnosis was based on clinical arguments associated with photos of the retina made by the MII Ret Cam device (Made In India, Retinoscope Camera) highlighting the lifting of the macular region. Ophthalmological monitoring without medical or physical treatment was instituted. At two months of progression without treatment, bilateral visual acuity was 10/10. Conclusion: Central serous chorioretinopathy and pregnancy is not unusual;however, its bilateral and brutal form in a context of pregnancy complicated by retroplacental hematoma is rare. Despite this favorable evolution, monitoring remains necessary in order to prevent recurrences and complications.

关键词： MII Ret Cam Central Serous Chorioretinitis Retroplacental Hematoma

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