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An Approach to Parallel Simulation of Ordinary Differential Equations

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2016年第5期9卷 250-290页

作者： Joshua D. Carl gautam Biswas Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee WI USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) represent a class of complex engineered systems where functionality and behavior emerge through the interaction between the computational and physical domains. Simulation provides design engineers with quick and accurate feedback on the behaviors generated by their designs. However, as systems become more complex, simulating their behaviors becomes computation all complex. But, most modern simulation environments still execute on a single thread, which does not take advantage of the processing power available on modern multi-core CPUs. This paper investigates methods to partition and simulate differential equation-based models of cyber-physical systems using multiple threads on multi-core CPUs that can share data across threads. We describe model partitioning methods using fixed step and variable step numerical in-tegration methods that consider the multi-layer cache structure of these CPUs to avoid simulation performance degradation due to cache conflicts. We study the effectiveness of each parallel simu-lation algorithm by calculating the relative speedup compared to a serial simulation applied to a series of large electric circuit models. We also develop a series of guidelines for maximizing performance when developing parallel simulation software intended for use on multi-core CPUs.

关键词： Parallel and Multi-Thread Programming Ordinary Differential Equations Simulation

International Year of Crystallography,2014

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第10期55卷 2242-2243页

作者： gautam R.Desiraju President International Union of Crystallography Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012

On 3 July, 2012 the United Nations declared that 2014 will be the International Year of Crystallography （IYCr）. This action was initiated by the International Union of Crystallography （IUCr） work- ing with the Moroccan dele- gation to the UN who pro- posed the motion. As thePresident of IUCr, I invite crystallographers and structural chemists in China to participate actively in the celebrations welcoming this important event.

关键词：国际结晶 IUGR 庆祝活动联合国晶体学摩洛哥化学家

Editorial for the Special Issue on Engines and Fuels

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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 352-352页

作者： Wanhua Su gautam Kalghatgi State Key Laboratory of Engines Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK University of Oxford Oxford OX1 2JD UK

Internal combustion engines (ICEs) have made tremendous contributions to the economic and social development of every country in the world. Today, the main aim of ICE development is to further improve thermal efficiency and reduce carbon emissions. With the rapid development of energy-saving technologies, academia and the industrial community are paying a great deal of attention to a crop of disruptive ICE technologies. The Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) held the International Summit on Breakout Technology of Engines and Fuels to discuss this development trend along with potential breakout technologies.

关键词： Engines and Fuels Special Issue

Bile acid indices as biomarkers for liver diseases Ⅱ: The bile acid score survival prognostic model

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第5期13卷 543-556页

作者： Jawaher Abdullah Alamoudi Wenkuan Li Nagsen gautam Marco Olivera Jane Meza Sandeep Mukherjee Yazen Alnouti Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-6025United States Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68105United States Department of Biostatistics University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-4375United States Department of Internal Medicine Creighton University Medical CenterOmahaNE 68124United States

BACKGROUND Cholestatic liver diseases are characterized by an accumulation of toxic bile acids(BA)in the liver,blood and other tissues which lead to progressive liver injury and poor prognosis in *** To discover and validate prognostic biomarkers of cholestatic liver diseases based on the urinary BA *** We analyzed urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and investigated the use of the urinary BA profile to develop survival models that can predict the prognosis of hepatobiliary *** urinary BA profile,a set of non-BA parameters,and the adverse events of liver transplant and/or death were monitored in 257 patients with cholestatic liver diseases for up to 7 *** BA profile was characterized by calculating BA indices,which quantify the composition,metabolism,hydrophilicity,formation of secondary BA,and toxicity of the BA *** have developed and validated the bile-acid score(BAS)model(a survival model based on BA indices)to predict the prognosis of cholestatic liver *** We have developed and validated a survival model based on BA(the BAS model)indices to predict the prognosis of cholestatic liver *** results demonstrate that the BAS model is more accurate and results in higher truepositive and true-negative prediction of death compared to both non-BAS and model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)*** 5-and 3-year survival probabilities markedly decreased as a function of ***,patients with high BAS had a 4-fold higher rate of death and lived for an average of 11 mo shorter than subjects with low *** increased risk of death with high vs low BAS was also 2-4-fold higher and the shortening of lifespan was 6-7-mo lower compared to MELD or ***,we have shown the use of BAS to predict the survival of patients with and without liver transplant(LT).Therefore,BAS could be used to define the most seriously ill patients,who need earlier intervention such as ***

关键词： Hepatobiliary diseases Bile acid indices Death Liver transplant Survival model Prognosis

Biotechnological Transformation of Lignocellulosic Biomass in to Industrial Products: An Overview

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 149-168页

作者： Amit Kumar Archana gautam Dharm Dutt Department of Paper Technology Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India

Lignocellulose—a major component of biomass available on earth is a renewable and abundantly available with great potential for bioconversion to value-added bio-products. The review aims at physio-chemical features of lignocellulosic biomass and composition of different lignocellulosic materials. This work is an overview about the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into bio-energy products such as bio-ethanol, 1-butanol, bio-methane, bio-hydrogen, organic acids including citric acid, succinic acid and lactic acid, microbial polysaccharides, single cell protein and xylitol. The biotechnological aspect of bio-transformation of lignocelluloses research and its future prospects are also discussed.

关键词： Lignocellulosic Biomass Bio-Transformation Bio-Energy Organic Acids Microbial Polysaccharides Single Cell Proteins

Abundance and biomass of assorted small indigenous fish species:Observations from rural fish markets of West Bengal,India

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2018年第3期3卷 129-134页

作者： Dibyendu Saha Santanu Pal Supratim Mukherjee Gargi Nandy Anupam Chakraborty Sk Habibur Rahaman gautam Aditya Department of Zoology The University of BurdwanGolapbagBurdwan713104India Department of Zoology Government General Degree CollegeSingurHooghly712409India Department of Zoology University of Calcutta35 Ballygunge Circular RoadKolkata700019India

The small indigenous fish species(SIS)are harvested as ensemble of different fish species of varying size and *** appraisal of the abundance and biomass of fish species constituting such ensemble was carried out with samples collected from fish markets ofWest Bengal,*** data revealed that at least 22 different fish species were present varying in numbers and species *** abundance and biomass of the individual fish species was negatively correlated,indicating numerical dominance of small sized *** regression showed a good fit of the relative abundance(y)with the species richness(x)in the samples of SIS(y=55.72ln(x)e 77.27;r^(2)=0.940),while power regression was best fit for the relative biomass of individual fish(y)with the species richness(x)in the samples of SIS(y=24.58x^(-1.54);R^(2)=0.831).In overall both species specific and individual based biomass and abundance relationships were negatively *** order to ascertain the harvest and marketability of the SIS in a judicious manner,monitoring of the fish assemblages in natural habitats is recommended.

关键词： Small indigenous fish species Abundance-biomass relation Species diversity Rice fields Fish market

Potential role of nimbolide in chemoprevention and therapy of prostate cancer

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2015年第S1期29卷 78-79页

作者： Jing-wen ZHANG MuthuK.SHANMUGAM Amudha DEIVASIGAMANI Alan Prem KUMAR KamMan HUI gautam SETHI Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 117597 Division of Cellular and Molecular Research Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research National Singapore 1169610 Cancer Centre Cancer Science Institute of Singapore Centre for Translational Medicine Singapore 117599

OBJECTIVE Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers *** therapies for metastatic prostate cancer are only marginally effective,and hence novel treatment modalities are urgently *** evidence suggests that chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of prostate *** agents that can suppress these inflammatory mediators could form the basis of novel therapy for prostate cancer *** our study,we focused on analyzing the potential anticancer effects of nimbolide,a terpenoid lactone derived from Azadirachta indica(Neem tree)against prostate *** Molecular biology techniques such as western blot analysis,DNA binding,luciferase assays,and immunohistochemistry were used for both in vitro and in vivo *** Data from the in vitrostudies indicated that nimbolide could inhibit cell proliferation,induce apoptosis and suppress cellular invasion and ***,nimbolide also abrogated the activation of pro-inflammatory STAT 3 transcription factor,and this effect was found to be mediated via an increased production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),whereas depletion of ROS attenuated pSTAT 3 inhibitory effects of the *** in vivo efficacy of nimbolide was also noted in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate(TRAMP)model,in which this triterpenoid significantly suppressed the tumor progression and growth without exhibiting any substantial adverse *** Overall our findings indicate that nimbolide exhibits significant anticancer effects in prostate cancer,and these effects may be mediated at least in part through the modulation of STAT 3 signaling pathway.

关键词： prostate cancer nimbolide STAT3 ROS

Role of intravenous immunoglobulin in suspected or proven neonatal sepsis

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东南大学学报（医学版） 2013年第5期32卷 621-625页

作者： gautam M K JIANG Li School of Medicine Southeast University Department of Pediatrics Zhongda HospitalSoutheast University

Neonatal sepsis remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity including neurodevelopmental impairment and prolonged hospital stay in newborn infants. Despite of advances in technology and optimal antibiotic treatment,incidence of neonatal sepsis and its complications remains unacceptably high especially in developing countries. Premature neonates in particular are at higher risk due to developmentally immature host defence mechanisms. Though not approved by Food and Drug Administration(FDA) U. S. A,off label use of intravenous immunoglobulin as prophylactic or adjuvant agent in suspected or proven neonatal infections continues in many countries. In a recent large multicenter clinical trial by International Neonatal Immunotherapy Study(INIS) group, the use of polyvalent IgG immune globulin was not associated with significant differences in the risk of major complications or other adverse outcomes in neonates with suspected or proven sepsis. Hence,use of intravenous immunoglobulin in suspected or proven neonatal sepsis is not recommended. The expense of prophylactic use of intravenous immunoglobulin administration for both term and preterm newborn population,given the minimal benefit as demonstrated by many individual studies and by meta-analysis is not justified.

关键词： neonatal sepsis intravenous immunoglobulin review article

当地新闻对远距离地震所致非破坏性震感的过度报道促发儿童焦虑障碍的病例报告（英文）

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上海精神医学 2016年第1期28卷 52-55页

作者： M.S.BHATIA Priyanka gautam Department of Psychiatry University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital

概述:地震是世界上许多地区比较常见的自然灾害,但地震对心理健康影响的研究还很有限。经历地震的人往往遭受重大损失,患精神障碍的风险增加。然而,规模不大、非破坏性地震现象所致精神障碍的患病率还是未知的。本文报告了一名就诊于精... 详细信息

概述:地震是世界上许多地区比较常见的自然灾害,但地震对心理健康影响的研究还很有限。经历地震的人往往遭受重大损失,患精神障碍的风险增加。然而,规模不大、非破坏性地震现象所致精神障碍的患病率还是未知的。本文报告了一名就诊于精神科门诊的10岁女孩,她出现严重影响功能的焦虑症状已2周,其诱因是经历了一场较远地区的地震,而在当地仅有非破坏性震感,媒体却过度报道。她的情况不符合任何特定的焦虑相关障碍,因此最合适的诊断是精神障碍诊断与统计手册第五版(Diagnostic and StatisticalManual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition,DSM-5)非特异性分类中的"其它特定焦虑障碍"。经过一种苯二氮?类药物和一种选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂的治疗,患者的症状4周后消失。

关键词：地震新闻报道自然灾害其他焦虑障碍选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂儿童印度