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diet medication and beta-glucanase affect ileal digesta soluble betaglucan molecular weight,carbohydrate fermentation,and performance of coccidiosis vaccinated broiler chickens given wheatbased diets

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 288-296页

作者： namalika d.karunaratne Henry L.Classen Andrew Gvan Kessel Michael R.Bedford Nancy P.Ames Rex W.Newkirk department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N5A8Canada AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireSN84ANUnited Kingdom Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada WinnipegR3T 2E1ManitobaCanada

Exogenous enzymes as alternatives to feed antibiotics in poultry has become an emerging research area with the emergence of antibiotic *** objective was to evaluate the effects of diet medication(antibiotics)andβ-glucanase(BGase)on digesta solubleβ-glucan depolymerization,carbohydrate fermentation,and performance of coccidiosis-vaccinated broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets.A total of 1,782 broilers were raised on litter floor pens,and each treatment was assigned to 1 pen in each of the9 *** 3 dietary treatments were based on wheat as the sole grain(control,control+medication and control+0.1%BGase),and the birds were fed the respective treatments ad libitum from 0 to 33 *** were arranged in a randomized complete block design and analyzed as a one-way ***-glucanase reduced the peak molecular weight,weight average molecular weight(Mw)and maximum molecular weight for the smallest 10%β-glucan molecules(MW-10%)in ileal digesta at d 11and 33,whereas diet medication reduced Mw and MW-10%at d 33 compared to the control(Pd medication reduced the ileal viscosity at d 11 compared to the control(P=0.010).Ileal propionic acid concentration at d 11 and caecal total SCFA,acetic,and butyric acid concentrations at d 33 were lower in the BGase-supplemented diet than in the control(Pdded diet had higher duodenal p H compared to the control at d 33(P=0.026).The effect of medication on carbohydrate fermentation was *** medication increased weight gain after d 11,whereas BGase increased the gain for the total trial period compared to the control(Pd intake was not affected by the dietary *** and BGase improved feed efficiency after d 11 compared to the control(Pdiet medication was larger than BGase,considering weight gain and feed efficiency after d 11(Pdiet medication and BGase depolymerized high molecular weight ileal solubleβ-g

关键词： Beta-glucan Prebiotic Non-starch polysaccharide Soluble fiber Feed antibiotic

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Hulless barley and β-glucanase affect ileal digesta soluble β-glucan molecular weight and digestive tract characteristics of coccidiosis-vaccinated broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 595-608页

作者： namalika d.karunaratne Rex W.Newkirk Nancy P.Ames Andrew G.Van Kessel Michael R.Bedford Henry L.Classen department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5A8SaskatchewanCanada Agriculture and Agri-food Canada WinnipegR3T 2E1ManitobaCanada AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireSN84ANUnited Kingdom

Exogenousβ-glucanase(BGase)in barley-based feed has been shown to reduce digesta viscosity in chickens,and thereby improve *** well studied is the potential for BGase to convert barleyβ-glucan into low molecular weight carbohydrates,which might influence digestive tract function and enteric ***-vaccinated broiler chickens were fed graded levels of hulless barley(HB)and BGase to determine their effects onβ-glucan depolymerization and digestive tract *** were fed highβ-glucan HB(0%,30%and 60%replacing wheat)and BGase(0%,0.01%and 0.1%)in a 3×3 factorial arrangement.A total of 5,346 broilers were raised in litter floor pens and vaccinated for coccidiosis on d *** treatment was assigned to 1 pen in each of 9 *** significance level was set at P≤*** both 11 and 33 d of broiler ages,peak molecular weight ofβ-glucan in ileal digesta decreased with increasing BGase for 30%and 60%*** maximum molecular weight for the smallest 10%β-glucan molecules(MW-10%)decreased with BGase at both ages for 30%and 60%HB;for birds fed 0%HB,only 0.1%BGase decreased MW-10%.The 0.1%BGase increased caecal short chain fatty acids(SCFA)compared to the 0.01%BGase at d 11 only for the 60%*** pH increased with increasing HB and BGase at d 11 and *** pH was lower for 0.1%BGase than 0%BGase for 60%HB at d *** mRNA expression of interleukin 6(IL-6)and IL-8 in the ileum increased with 0.1%BGase at d 11 and 33,respectively,whereas expression of ileal mucin 2(MUC2)decreased with 0.1%BGase at d *** the caeca,interactions between HB and BGase were significant for monocarboxylate transporter 1(MCT1)and mucin 5AC(MUC5AC)on d 11,but no treatment effects were found at d *** conclusion,BGase depolymerized high molecular weightβ-glucan in HB in a dose-dependent *** barley and BGase did not increase SCFA concentrations(except for 60%HB with 0.1%BGase at d 11)and caused minor effects on digestive tract histomorphological

关键词： Prebiotic Non-starch polysaccharide Fermentation Short-chain fatty acid Feed enzyme

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Pseudobrookite based heterostructures for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2021年第2期1卷 90-98页

作者： Niranjala Fernando Jayashree Swaminathan Francisco Carlos Robles Hernandez Gayan Priyadarshana Chanaka Sandaruwan Wenli Yang Veranja karunaratne Zixing Wang Gehan AJAmaratunga Nilwala Kottegoda Ashokkumar Meiyazhagan Pulickel M.Ajayan department of design and Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyBournemouth UniversityDorsetBH125BBUK department of Materials Science&NanoEngineering Rice UniversityTexas77005USA department of Mechanical Engineering Technology University of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA Materials Science&Engineering Cullen College of EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA department of Materials and Mechanical Technology Faculty of TechnologyUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraPitipanaHomagamaSri Lanka Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology PitipanaHomagamaSri Lanka department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeCB21TNUK department of Chemistry Center for Advanced Materials ResearchUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraGangodawilaNugegodaSri Lanka

Synthesis of ultrathin heterostructures has received much attention in the recent past due to their unique physical and chemical *** this work,we report the synthesis of Fe_(2)TiO_(5)–TiO_(2)heterostructures using a simple hydrothermal technique employing natural ilmenite as the *** arranged nanostructures with interconnected nano-petals of thickness around 50 nm are *** electrocatalytic properties of the synthesized Fe_(2)TiO_(5)–TiO_(2)heterostructures are enhanced following the cathodization *** observed enhancement in the synthesized materials’electrocatalytic property can be attributed to the defect-rich Fe_(2-x)TiO_(5-x)-TiO_(2-x)*** current approach and technique discussed in this work offer a simple method to synthesize a nanostructured heterostructure material and create defects for enhancing electrocatalytic activity.

关键词： Heterostructures Cathodization Green catalyst 2d materials Hydrogen evolution Electrocatalysis Pseudobrookite

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Facial Index Based 2d Facial Composite Process for Forensic Investigation in Sri Lanka

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2016年第1期4卷 7-16页

作者： P. B. Jayasekara L. Sivaneasharajah M. A. S. Perera J. Perera d. d. karunaratne K. d. Sandaruwan R. N. Rajapakse University of Colombo School of Computing Colombo Sri Lanka department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka

The “facial composite” is one of the major fields in the forensic science that helps the criminal investigators to carry out their investigation process. The survey conducted by United States Law Enforcement Agencies confirms that 80% of the law enforcement agencies use computer automated composite systems whereas Sri Lanka is still far behind in the process of facial composite with lot of inefficiencies in the current manual process. Hence this research introduces a novel approach for the manual facial composite process, while eliminating the inefficiencies of the manual procedure in Sri Lanka. In order to overcome this situation, this study introduces an automated image processing based software solution with 2d facial feature templates targeting the Sri Lankan population. Thus, this was the first ever approach that creates the 2d facial feature templates by incorporating both medically defined indexes and relevant aesthetic aspects. Hence, this research study is comprised of two separate analyses on anthropometric indices and facial feature shapes which were carried out targeting the local population. Subsequently, several evaluation techniques were utilized to evaluate this methodology where we obtained an overall success rate as 70.19%. The ultimate goal of this research study is to provide a system to the law enforcement agencies in order to carry out an efficient and effective facial composite process which can lead to increase the success rate of suspect identification.

关键词： Facial Composite Facial Index Facial Feature Templates Sri Lanka

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