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Multiphoton microscopy:An introduction to gastroenterologists

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第40期17卷 4456-4460页

作者： Hye Jin cho Hoon Jai Chun eun Sun Kim Bong Rae cho Institute of Digestive Disease and Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine Korea University College of Medicine 136-705 Seoul South Korea Department of Chemistry Korea University 136-705 Seoul South Korea

Multiphoton microscopy, relying on the simultaneous absorption of two or more photons by a fluorophore, has come to occupy a prominent place in modern biomedical research with its ability to allow real-time observation of a single cell and molecules in intact tissues. Multiphoton microscopy exhibits nonlinear optical contrast properties, which can make it possible to provide an exceptionally large depth penetration with less phototoxicity. This system becomes more and more an inspiring tool for a non-invasive imaging system to realize "optical biopsy" and to examine the functions of living cells. In this review, we briefly present the physical principles and properties of multiphoton microscopy as well as the current applications in biological fields. In addition, we address what we see as the future potential of multiphoton microscopy for gastroenterologic research.

关键词： Multiphoton microscopy Optical biopsy Gastrointestinal disease

Heterogeneous population of macrophages in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Liver Research 2023年第1期7卷 16-25页

作者： Ye eun cho Yong Seong Kwon Seonghwan Hwang Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is characterized by a spectrum of hepatic diseases,including fatty liver,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular *** is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and has become the leading cause of liver transplantation,necessitating an in-depth understanding of its underlying pathogenic mechanisms and the identification of viable drug *** fatty liver is benign and does not exert marked liver damage or inflammation,NAFLD progression involves inflammatory processes facilitated by immune *** and monocytes constitute the pool of innate immune cells that contribute to NAFLD development in association with other cell types,such as neutrophils,T cells,and natural killer *** concept that macrophages contribute to the inflammatory processes in NAFLD development has long been debated;however,the remarkable advances in experimental techniques have rapidly uncovered new subpopulations of macrophages and monocytes,whose functions need to be comprehensively *** current review focuses on the recent expansion of our knowledge of the heterogeneous population of macrophages crucially involved in NAFLD *** addition,the present paper discusses ongoing efforts to target macrophages and inflammatory processes to develop optimal therapeutic agents against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

关键词： Fatty liver Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) Inflammation Macrophages Chemokines

Serial evaluation of myocardial function using the myocardial performance index in Kawasaki disease

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第3期14卷 259-268页

作者： eun Song Song Somy Yoon Joo Hyun cho eun Mi Yang Hwa Jin cho Young Youn choi Jae Sook Ma Gwang Hyeon Eom Young Kuk cho Department of Pediatrics Chonnam National University HospitalChonnam National University Medical School42 Jebong-roDong-guGwangju 501-757South Korea Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation Chonnam National University Medical School160 Baekseo-roDong-guGwangju 61469South Korea Department of Pediatrics KS HospitalGwangjuSouth Korea

Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is known as systemic vasculitis, and more than half of the patients with KD have myo-carditis, which can induce ventricular dysfunction. In this study, we evaluate left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with KD based on the myocardial performance index (MPI) using pulse Doppler (PD) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), from the acute to convalescent phases. Methods We retrospectively studied 89 children diagnosed with KD from January 2010 to August 2012. We assessed the presence of coronary artery lesions (CALs) and the LV ejection fraction, PD-MPI, and TDI-MPI at diagnosis, and 2, 14, and 56 days after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment. We enrolled 70 healthy children as a control group. Results The ejection fraction in patients with KD at diagnosis (67.3 ± 0.9%) was lower than that in the control group (69.8 ± 0.8%,P = 0.035), and the LV TDI-MPIs for patients with KD at diagnosis (0.49 ± 0.01) and 2 days after IVIG treatment (0.48 ± 0.01) were higher than those in the control group (0.45 ± 0.01,P = 0.002,P = 0.033, respectively). No signifi cant diff erences were found in the LV dysfunction between the patients with complete and incomplete KD. Septal TDI-MPIs in patients with KD with CAL at diagnosis (0.52 ± 0.02) were higher than those in patients with KD without CAL (0.47 ± 0.01,P = 0.019). Conclusions Transient LV dysfunction occurred in patients with complete and incomplete KD in the acute stage. In patients with KD with CAL at diagnosis, the LV dysfunction was more prominent. The PD-MPI and TDI-MPI are useful parameters for assessing LV function in patients with KD.

关键词： Kawasaki disease Myocardial function Myocardial performance index Tissue Doppler imaging

Effect of methanol extract of Schisandrae Fructus on high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic mice

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2019年第6期39卷 818-825页

作者： Se-eun Lee Hyungwoo Kim Chang-Hyun Kim Chiyeon Lim Suin cho Department of Korean Medicine School of Korean MedicineYangsan Campus of Pusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea Department of Medicine College of MedicineDongguk UniversityGoyang 10326Republic of Korea

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and molecular targets of Schisandrae Fructus(SF)methanol extract(SFme)in mice with hyperlipidemia induced by high fat ***:We observed changes in body weight,blood serum content of total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein(HDL)-cholesterol,and *** extent of accumulation of lipid peroxide due to lipid metabolism disorder also evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde(MDA)*** addition,after getting gene expression in hepatic tissues,target protein of SFme was identified using a protein interaction ***:SFme significantly decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride levels without alteration of body weight in mice,and the livercontent of MDA was statistically decreased by *** expression changes of cyclindependent kinase 1(Cdk1)and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2(Lrrk2)were restored by ***:The effect of SFme on the highfat-diet induced hyperlipidemia via decreasing total cholesterol and triglyceride levels may involve the expression of Cdk1 and Lrrk2 proteins.

关键词： Schisandra hyperlipidemias Obesity Cardiovascular diseases CDC2 protein kinase

Effect of itraconazole on the cornea in a murine suture model and penetrating keratoplasty model

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第11期10卷 1647-1654页

作者： Yang Kyung cho eun Young Shin Hironori Uehara Balamurali Ambati Department of Ophthalmology St.Vincent's Hospital College of Medicine the Catholic University of Korea 93 Ji-Dong Paldal-Gu Suwon Gyeonggi-Do 16247 Korea Research Institute of Medical Science St.Vincent's Hospital the Catholic University of Korea 93 Ji-Dong Paldal-Gu Suwon Gyeonggi-Do 16247 Korea Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah 84132 USA

AIM： To investigate the anti-（lymph）angiogenic and/or anti-inflammatory effect of itraconazole in a corneal suture model and penetrating keratoplasty（PK） model. METHODS： Graft survival, corneal neovascularization, and corneal lymphangiogenesis were compared among itraconazole, amphotericin B, dexamethasone, phosphate buffered saline（PBS） and surgery-only groups following subconjunctival injection in mice that underwent PK and corneal suture. Immunohistochemical staining and analysis were performed in each group. Real-time polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） was performed to quantify the expression of inflammatory cytokines（TNF-alpha, IL-6） and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2, and ***： In the suture model, the itraconazole group showed less angiogenesis, less lymphangiogenesis, and less inflammatory infiltration than the PBS group（all P〈0.05）. The itraconazole group showed reduced expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-2, TNF-alpha, IL-6 than the PBS group（all P〈0.05）. In PK model, the two-month graft survival rate was 28.57% in itraconazole group, 62.50% in dexamethasone group, 12.50% in PBS group, 0 in amphotericin B group and 0 in surgery-only group. Graft survival in the itraconazole group was higher than that in the amphotericin, PBS and surgery-only group（P=0.057, 0.096, 0.012, respectively）. The itraconazole group showed less total angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis than PBS group（all P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION： Itraconazole decrease neovascularization, lymphangiogenesis, and inflammation in both a corneal suture model and PK model. Itraconazole has anti-（lymph）-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects in addition to its intrinsic antifungal effect and is therefore an alternative treatment option in cases where steroids cannot be used.

关键词： itraconazole amphotericin B neovascularization graft survival lymphangiogenesis dexamethasone

Transverse myelitis after infection with varicella zoster virus in patient with normal immunity: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第33期9卷 10308-10314页

作者： Daehun Yun Soo Young cho Wan Ju eun Hyoung Seo Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Kwangju Christian HospitalGwangju 61661South Korea

BACKGROUND Varicella zoster virus(VZV)is a human neurotropic and double-stranded DNA alpha-herpes *** infection with VZV usually occurs during childhood,manifesting as *** of latent VZV can lead to various neurological complications,including transverse myelitis(TM);although cases of the latter are very rare,particularly in newly active VZV *** SUMMARY We report here an unusual case of TM in a middle-aged adult immunocompetent patient that developed concomitant to an active VZV *** 46-year-old male presented with painful vesicular eruption on his left chest that had steadily progressed to involvement of his back over a 3-d *** fluid testing was denied,but findings from magnetic resonance imaging and collective symptomology indicated *** was administered antiviral drugs and corticosteroids immediately but his symptom improvement waxed and waned,necessitating multiple hospital *** about a month of repeated treatments,he was deemed sufficiently improved for hospital discharge to *** VZV myelitis should be suspected when a patient visits the outpatient pain clinic with herpes zoster showing neurological symptoms.

关键词： Herpes zoster Postherpetic neuralgia Transverse myelitis Varicella zoster virus Motor weakness Vesicular Pain Case report

Effect of sorafenib in a murine high risk penetrating keratoplasty model

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第6期10卷 834-839页

作者： Yang Kyung cho eun Young Shin Hironori Uehara Balamurali K Ambati Department of Ophthalmology St.Vincent＇s Hospital College of Medicine the Catholic University of Korea Suwon Gyeonggi-Do 16247 Korea Research Institute of Medical Science St.Vincent＇s Hospital College of Medicine the Catholic University of Korea Suwon Gyeonggi-Do 16247 Korea Department of Ophthalmology University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City Utah 84132 USA

AIM： To evaluate the effect of sorafenib in murine high risk keratoplasty model. ~ METHODS： Graft survival, corneal neovascularization, and corneal lymphangiogenesis were compared among the sorafenib, dexamethasone, dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO）, and phosphate buffered saline （PBS） groups following subconjunctival injection in mice that underwent high risk penetrating keratoplasty （HRPK）. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to quantify the expression of inflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）-A, VEGF-C, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor （VEGFR）-2, VEGFR-3. RESULTS： The two-month graft survival rate for HRPK was 42.86% in sorafenib group, 37.50% in dexamethasone group, 0 in DMSO group, and 0 in PBS group. Sorafenib significantly increased graft survival compared to the DMSO and PBS group （P〈0.05）. The sorafenib didn＇t show significant effect in decreasing neovascularization compared with dexamethsone, DMSO, and PBS group. The sorafenib showed less total lymphangiogenesis than the dexamethasone, DMSO, and PBS group （P=0.011, P〈0.001, P〈0.001, respectively）. The sorafenib group showed reduced expression of VEGF-C, tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-alpha, interleukin （IL）-6, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 compared with DMSO group and PBS group （all P〈0.05）. The sorafenib group didn＇t show difference in the expression of VEGF-A compared with DMSO, neither withPBS. The sorafenib group showed reduced expression of VEGFR-3 compared with dexamethasone （/〉=-0.051）. CONCLUSION： The subconjunctivally administered sorafenib shows significant anti-lymphangiogenic effect, resulting in increased transplant survival in a murine high risk keratoplasty model. We suggest that a close linkage between decreased VEGF-C/VEGFR-2 and -3 signaling and increased corneal graft survival by sorafenib seems to exist.

关键词： Sorafenib neovascularization graft survival lymphangiogenesis dexamethasone

Effects of TiN film coating on electrochemical behaviors of nanotube formed Ti-xHf alloys

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第4期19卷 857-861页

作者： Kang LEE Won-Gi KIM Joo-Young cho Sang-Won eun Han-Cheol choE Department of Dental Materials & Research Center of Nano-Interface Activation for Biomaterials College of DentistryChosun University Department of Applied Advanced Materials Korea Polytechnic Ⅴ Colleges

Ti-xHf(x=10%,20%,30% and 40%,mass fraction) alloys were prepared by arc melting,and the microstructure was controlled for 24 h at 1 000 ℃ in argon *** formation of nanotube was conducted by anodizing on Ti-Hf alloys in 1.0 mol/L H3PO4 electrolytes with small amounts of NaF at room *** then TiN coatings were coated by DC-sputtering on the anodized *** and nanotube morphology of the alloys were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD).The corrosion properties of the specimens were examined through potentiodynamic test(potential range from -1 500 to 2 000 mV) in 0.9 % NaCl solution by *** microstructure shows the acicular phase and α' phase with Hf *** amorphous oxide surface is transformed to crystalline anatase *** coated nanotube surface has a good corrosion resistance.

关键词：氮化钛涂层合金制备纳米管电化学行为薄膜包衣 0.9%NaCl溶液扫描电子显微镜微观结构

Modeling of large scale solar cell handling robot with belt-driven flexible arms

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2013年第1期3卷 77-80页

作者： eun Yim cho Jinsu Kim Sungsoo Rhim Dept. of Mech. Eng. Kyung Hee University

To increase the competition of the solar energy collection system, the size of the solar panel module during the manufacturing process is being increased continuously. As the size of the solar panel increases, the size of the robot to handle the panel increased also. The change in scale of the robot inevitably results ill the amplification of the adverse effect of tile flexure. The main source of the flexure in the large scale solar cell panel handling system is the long and thin fork fingers of the [land and the solar cell panel. In addition, tile belt-driven actuator system used by most of the large scale panel handling robot is another significant source of the vibration. In this paper, the flexible multi body dynamic model of a large scale solar cell panel handling robot, which is being designed and constructed with the help of Kyung Hee University, is developed. The belt-driven system in the robot is also modeled as flexible system and included ill the robot to represent the actual vibration characteristics of the actuator system. C 2013 The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. [doi： 10.1063/2.1301310]

关键词： flexible belt drive flexible multi body dynalnics modeling panel handling robot