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Dynamic thermal performance of multilayer hollow clay walls filled with insulation materials:Toward energy saving in hot climates

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第1期5卷 70-80页

作者： Yassine Chihab Mohammed Garoum najma Laaroussi Mohammed V University in Rabat MaterialsEnergy and Acoustics TEAMRabatMorocco

This study examines the benefits of incorporating passive techniques into multilayer hollow clay brick walls to improve their dynamic thermal *** finite element approach was used to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes and energy equations to analyze the dynamic thermal response of walls exposed to real thermal excitations of the Marrakesh *** results show that increasing the emissivity from 0.1 to 0.9 significantly increases the total heat load over 24 ***,filling 100% of the cavities with insulation materials delayed the temperature peak by about 2.3 h and lowered the decrement factor by roughly 43%,with a value smaller than *** addition,it is demonstrated that the total thermal load is reduced by approximately 28% for improved wall configurations(100% insulation filling cavities)compared to traditional wall configurations(100% air filling cavities),which aids in improving building energy efficiency.

关键词： Time lag Decrement factor Coupled heat transfer Analytical solution Hollow clay brick Insulation filling cavities Energy savings in building

Exploring Critical Thinking Dispositions among Fourth Year BSc Nursing Students of Various Colleges of Nursing, Pakistan

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第6期14卷 267-281页

作者： Sadaf Younis najma Balquees Anwar Syeda Fakhar Batool College of Nursing Combined Military Hospital Quetta Pakistan

Background: Critical Thinking (CT) dispositions in nursing are prominent predictors of competence in delivering high-quality care, and of professionalism, in newly graduated nurses. CT skills, in isolation of CT dispositions, do not guarantee success in the workplace, because Critical Thinking Dispositions (CTD) are important elements of intellectual reasoning that simulate a person towards using the CT skills. Therefore, nursing educational programs should promote lifelong learning rather than focusing on transferring the content of nursing knowledge only. And for this purpose, quality education is the key. Education should focus on teaching from diverse perspectives, incorporating various teaching learning strategies that are congruent with the modern era. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore critical thinking dispositions among final year Baccalaureate Nursing students of various military colleges of nursing, in Pakistan. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative exploratory study design was used to investigate the CTD of BSc final year nursing students. The study population included twelve willing nursing students, from six military colleges across the country. Demographic information and consent was taken from the participants of the study. In-depth interviews, through a semi structured interview guide, and probes were used to obtain data related to personal experiences of CTD amongst the nursing students. Results: Data analysis showed two broad themes: 1) Perceptions of CT, and 2) Experiences of CT dispositions. In theme one, the emerging category was: Clarity of CT;whereas in theme two, the categories that emerged were: a) Truth Seeking, b) Open Mindedness, c) Inquisitiveness, and d) Self Organization. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed positive dispositions towards truth seeking, open mindedness, and self-organization, whereas disposition towards inquisitiveness was weak. Self-confidence and maturity also emerged as positive factors that

关键词： Critical Thinking Critical Thinking Disposition Nursing Students

Factors Promoting Retention of Nurses in Three Private Hospitals of Lahore: A Cross Sectional Descriptive Survey

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第7期14卷 344-367页

作者： Zainab Suleman najma Balquees Anwar Sadaf Younis Alya Bilquees Anwar Naeema Khan Syed Saemul Hassan College of Nursing University of Health Sciences Lahore Lahore Pakistan

Introduction: Pakistan has a large number of professional nurses but a higher rate of turnover contributes towards the shortage of nurses which is intensified by nurses’ immigration, lack of recruitment of new nurses and retirement of senior nurses. Aim: The study aimed at examining the factors that increase retention of nurses. Research Method: The study is descriptive cross sectional with a sample of 150 nurses including both the genders, from 3 private hospitals located in Pakistan. A convenient sampling technique was used. The data collection was done through close ended questionnaires based on 20 questions. Data collection was done quantitatively and then data was entered in SPSS. Correlation and regression tests were performed. Findings: The analysis revealed that 91.3% nurses are loyal to their hospitals but, 8.7%nurses can switch the hospital for different reasons. It was also found that the idea of leaving the job based on the intention of moving to abroad and public sector was higher than the retirement and other causes. Resultantly, enhancements in nurses’ work environments have the ability to decrease nurses’ job burnout and turnover and increase patients’ satisfaction. Recommendations: Hospital leaders should implement effective strategies to encourage nurses to continue their job by motivation, strengthening management skills within the hospital and improving a positive work environment by promoting teamwork, continuous learning, trust, respect and flexible arrangements which can lead towards achieving better ***, further studies quantitatively and qualitatively can explore more factors related to dissatisfaction of nurses. Health systems policy makers should lead by developing related strategies for the retention of nurses.

关键词： Retention of Nurses Shortage of Nurses Turnover Workforce

Exploring Critical Thinking Dispositions among Fourth Year BSc Nursing Students of Various Colleges of Nursing, Pakistan

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A mathematical analysis of MHD blood flow of Eyring-Powell fluid through a constricted artery

Open Journal of Nursing（护理学期刊） 2024年第6期 267页

作者： Sadaf Younis najma Balquees Anwar Syeda Fakhar Batool

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第2期9卷 175-186页

作者： najma Saleem Sufian Munawar Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University Al Khobar 31952 Saudi Arabia Department of Quantitative Methods College Business Administration University of Dammam Dammam 31rr1 Saudi Arabia Department of Informatics and Systems School of Science and Technology University of Management and Technology Lahore 54000 Pakistan

The present study deals with the flow of blood through a stenotic artery in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. Different flow situations are taken into account by considering the regular and irregular shapes of stenosis lying inside the walls of artery. Blood inside the artery is assumed to be Eyring-Powell fluid. A mathematical model is developed and simplified under the physical assumptions of stenosis. The regular perturbation method is adopted to find the solutions for axial velocity and pressure gradient. The variations in pressure drop across the stenosis length, the impedance and the shear stress at the walls of stenotic artery are discussed in detail through graphs. It is observed that the Eyring-Powell fluid is helpful in reducing the resistance to the flow in stenotic artery. Moreover, symmetric form of stenosis is more hazardous as compared to asymmetric stenosis.

关键词： Blood flow magnetic field stenotic artery Eyring-Powell fluid.

A Mathematical Model for Studying the Slip Effect on Peristaltic Motion with Heat and Mass Transfer

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第3期28卷 120-123页

作者： Tasawar Hayat najma Saleem Awatif A.Hendi Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Physics Faculty of SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 1846Riyadh 11321Saudi Arabia

A mathematical model is presented with an interest to examine the peristaltic motion in an asymmetric channel by taking into account the slip,heat and mass *** relationships for a micropolar fluid are *** solution procedure for nonlinear analysis is given under long wavelength and low Reynolds number *** effects of sundry parameters entering into the expressions of axial velocity,temperature and concentration are *** and trapping phenomena are discussed.

关键词： Mathematical trapping asymmetric

Validated Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Lisinopril, Pravastatin, Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin in API, Formulations and Human Serum by RP-HPLC

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第6期29卷 1216-1220页

作者： najma, Sultana Arayne, M. Saeed Safila, Naveed United Biotechnologies Karachi-75290 Pakistan Faculty of Pharmacy Hamdard University Karachi-74600 Pakistan

Lisinopril is found to be useful in hypertension and statins as cholesterol lowering drug. Present work was designed for the simultaneous determination of lisinopril in presence of pravastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin using RP-HPLC method. A Purospher star C 18 （5 μm, 25 × 0.46 cm） column was used with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile ： water （60 ： 40 V/V, pH 3.0） with flow rate of 1.0 mLomin-1 and the quantitative evaluation was performed at 225 nm. The retention time of lisinopril was 2.0 min and for pravastatin, rosuvastatin and atorvastatin was found to be 3.1, 4.5 and 8.3 min respectively. Suitability of this method for the quantitative determination of the drugs was proved by validation in accordance with the requirements laid down by International Conference on Harmonization （ICH） guidelines. Application of the suggested procedures were successfully applied to the determination of these compounds in active pharmaceutical ingredient and in pharmaceutical preparations, with high percentage of recovery, good accuracy and precision.

关键词： Lisinopril statins method validation HPLC determination

A HYDROMAGNETIC MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR BLOOD FLOW OF CARREAU FLUID

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2014年第1期7卷 173-186页

作者： najma SALEEM T. HAYAT A. ALSAEDI Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University Al Khobar Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Quaid-i- Azam University Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University P. O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

This paper constructs a mathematical model for blood flow through an artery with mild stenosis. Constitutive equations for Carreau fluid are employed in the mathematical modeling. Analysis has been carried out in the presence of constant magnetic field. Symmetric and asymmetric shapes of stenosis are taken. Governing flow model is computed for the series solution. Whe flow quantities of interest, for instance, axial velocity, pressure gradient, pressure drop, impedance and shear stress at the walls of stenotic artery are described for various pertinent parameters entering into the problem.

关键词： Carreau fluid magnetic field stenotic artery.

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Leflunomide： Application to in vitro Drug Metal Interactions

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第9期29卷 1933-1938页

作者： Sultana, najma Muhammad, Saeed Arayne Khan, Moona Mehboob Nawaz, Muhammd United Biotechnologies Karachi 75290 Pakistan Jinnah Medical and Dental College Karachi Pakistan Department of Chemistry College of Science UAE University A1-Ain P.O. Box 17551 UAE

Leflunomide is a leading drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The principle aim of this study was to develop and validate an RP-HPLC method for the determination of leflunomide in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form using diclofenac sodium as an internal standard. For this purpose, chromatography was accomplished on a Purospher Start, C18 （5 μm, 12.5 cm×0.46 cm） column at ambient temperature. Methanol ： water （80 ： 20, V/V） solvent system was selected as mobile phase, the pH of which was adjusted to 3.4 by ortho-phosphoric acid and de- livered at a flow rate of 1.2 mLomin-1. Seperation of leflunomide and diclofenac sodium was carried out on a Purospher Start, C18 equipped with a UV-visible detector at 248 nm. The suitability of the method for the quantita- tive determination of the drugs is proven by validation in accordance with the requirements laid down by the Inter- national Conference on Harmonization （ICH） guidelines. The method was accurate （99.55%--100.03%）, specific, linear （R2〉0.999） and precise （intra-day precision 0.023%--0.93% and inter-day precision 0.26%--0.944%） in the range of 0.5--20 μg·mL^-1. The minimum limit of detection and quantification in pharmaceutical formulation were 0.05 and 0.15 μ***^-1, respectively. Thus the proposed method is simple, accurate, reproducible and suitable for the routine analysis of leflunomide in pharmaceutical formulations and was applied to study in vitro drug-metal interactions.

关键词： leflunomide liquid chromatography analytical method in vitro interaction metal