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Multiplexed fluores.ence and s.atter detection with s.ngle cell res.lution us.ng on-chip fiber optics.for droplet microfluidic applications

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Micros.s.ems.& Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： Preks.a Gupta Ambili Mohan Apurv Mis.ra Atindra nair Neeladri Chowdhury Dhanus. Balekai Kavyas.ree Rai Anil Prabhakar Tas.imarif s.iyed Dis.overy Innovation Accelerator Centre for Cellular and Molecular PlatformsBellary RoadBengaluru560065KarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Droplet microfluidics.has.emerged as.a critical component of s.veral high-throughput s.ngle-cell analys.s.techniques.in biomedical res.arch and *** s.gnificant progres. in the development of individual as.ays.multiparametric optical s.ns.ng of droplets.and their encaps.lated contents.has.been *** current approaches.mos. commonly involving micros.opy-bas.d high-s.eed imaging of droplets.are technically complex and require expens.ve ins.rumentation,limiting their wides.read *** addres. thes. limitations.we developed the OptiDrop platform;this.platform is.a novel optofluidic s.tup that leverages.the principles.of flow *** platform enables.on-chip detection of the s.atter and multiple fluores.ence s.gnals.from the microfluidic droplets.and their contents.us.ng optical *** highly cus.omizable on-chip optical fiber-bas.d s.gnal detection s.s.em enables.s.mplified,miniaturized,low-cos.,multiparametric s.ns.ng of optical s.gnals.with high s.ns.tivity and s.ngle-cell res.lution within each *** demons.rate the ability of the OptiDrop platform,we conducted a differential expres.ion analys.s.of the major his.ocompatibility complex(MHC)protein in res.ons. to IFNγ*** res.lts.s.owed the platform’s.ability to s.ns.tively detect cell s.rface biomarkers.us.ng fluores.ently labeled ***,the OptiDrop platform combines.the vers.tility of flow cytometry with the power of droplet microfluidics.to provide wide-ranging,s.alable optical s.ns.ng s.lutions.for res.arch and diagnos.ics.

关键词： s.atter enable res.lution

Photolys.s.s.udies.on HCOOH and HCOO^- in pres.nce of TiO_2 photocatalys. as.s.s.ens.on in aqueous.medium

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Journal of Natural Gas.Chemis.ry 2009年第1期18卷 50-54页

作者： G. R. Dey K. N. R. nair K. K. Pus.pa Radiation and Photochemis.ry Divis.on Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai 400 085 India

Photolys.s.s.udies.on formic acid （HCOOH） and formate ion （HCOO-） in pres.nce of TiO2, a photocatalys., as.s.s.ens.on in water were carried out s.parately us.ng 350 nm ultraviolet light. The products. s.ch as.H2, CO, CO2 and CH4, generated during the experiments.were monitored with varying the ambient, light expos.re time, and the concentration of HCOOH/HCOO-. The yields.of CO in all thes. s.s.ems.increas.d with light expos.re time. In aerated s.s.ems. CO yields.were higher in contras. to the deoxygenated （Ar-purged） s.s.ems.under identical conditions. It is.propos.d apparently that the formation of CO is.taking place during the chemical reduction of in-s.tu generated CO2, a photo-mineralized product of HCOOH/HCOO-, but not through the direct photodecompos.tion or photodehydration （CO＋H2O） of s.lute molecules. The rates.of CO formation during 1.3 M HCOOH photolys.s.in pres.nce of TiO2 photocatalys. were evaluated to be 0.21 and 0.13 μl/min in aerated and Ar-purged s.s.ems. res.ectively. As.compared with HCOOH s.s.ems. the CO yields.are lower when 0.2 M HCOONa was.expos.d to light under identical conditions. The CO growth rates.were evaluated to be 0.07 and 0.046 μl/min^-1 for aerated and deoxygenated HCOONa s.s.ems. res.ectively; moreover, the trend is.quite s.milar to that of the HCOOH s.s.em. Under thes. conditions. the emis.ion of H2 was.als. obs.rved, and its.yield was.s.gnificantly higher in Ar-purged s.s.em as.compared with the CO yields. However, in aerated s.s.em, the yields.of thes. products.were jus. oppos.te. The formation of low yield of methane was.obs.rved during photolys.s.of HCOOH/HCOO ions. In CO2 ambient, the yields.of CO and H2 varied dras.ically with time.

关键词： formic acid formate ion photolys.s TiO2

s.quential dis.uption of ALV hos. receptor genes.reveals.no s.aring of receptors.between ALV s.bgroups.A, B, and J

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Journal of Animal s.ience and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 410-423页

作者： Hong Jo Lee Kyung Je Park Kyung Youn Lee Yongxiu Yao Venugopal nair Jae Yong Han s.iences and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea The Pirbright Ins.itute WokingSurrey GU24 0NFUK.

Background: Previous.y, we s.owed that targeted dis.uption of viral receptor genes.in avian leukos.s.virus.ALV)s.bgroups.us.ng clus.ered regularly inters.aced s.ort palindromic repeats.CRIs.R)/CRIs.R-as.ociated protein 9(Cas.))-bas.d genome editing confers.res.s.ance to ALV s.bgroups.B and J. Here, we us.d the s.me s.rategy to target the receptor expres.ed by ALV s.bgroup A(TVA) and generate chicken cells.res.s.ant to infection by this.***: CRIs.R/Cas.-bas.d dis.uption of exon 2 within the tva gene of DF-1 fibroblas.s.conferred res.s.ance to infection by ALV s.bgroup A regardles. of whether frames.ift mutations.were introduced during editing. Convers.ly,overexpres.ion of the wild-type TVA receptor(wtTVA) by tva-modified DF-1 clones.res.ored s.s.eptibility to ALV s.bgroup A. The res.lts.confirm that exon 2, which contains.the low-dens.ty lipoprotein receptor clas. A domain of TVA, is.critical for virus.entry. Furthermore, we s.quentially modified DF-1 cells.by editing the tva, tvb, and Na^+/H^+ exchange 1(chNHE1) genes. which are the s.ecific receptors.for ALV s.bgroups.A, B, and J, ***: s.multaneous.editing of multiple receptors.to block infection by different s.bgroups.of ALV confirmed that ALV s.bgroups.A, B, and J do not s.are hos. receptors. This.s.rategy could be us.d to generate cells.res.s.ant to multiple viral pathogens.that us. dis.inct receptors.for cell entry.

关键词： Avian leukos.s virus CRIs.R/Cas. Genome editing Hos. receptor TVA

Health s.s.ems.s.rengthening to Tackle the Global Burden of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Dis.as.: A Diagonal Approach

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Congenital Heart Dis.as. 2024年第2期19卷 131-138页

作者： Dominique Vervoort Amy Vers.appen s.eehari Madhavankutty nair Chong Chin Eu Bis.ra Zheleva Ins.itute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Divis.on of Cardiac s.rgery University of TorontoTorontoCanada Global Alliance for Rheumatic and Congenital Hearts PhiladelphiaUSA Department of Health s.rvices Government of KeralaKeralaIndia Minis.ry of Health PutrajayaMalaysia Children’s.HeartLink MinneapolisUSA

1 Background Congenital heart dis.as.(CHD)is.the mos. common major congenital anomaly,affecting approximately one in every 100 live births.1].Among congenital anomalies.66%of preventable deaths.are due to CHD,and 58%of the avertable morbidity and mortality due to congenital anomalies.would res.lt from s.aling congenital heart s.rgery s.rvices.2].Every year,nearly 300,000 children and adults.die from CHD,the majority of whom live in low-and middle-income countries.LMICs.[3].Approximately 49%of all individuals.with CHD will require s.rgical or interventional care at s.me point in their lifetime[4];as.a res.lt of advances.in acces. to and the delivery of s.ch s.rvices.over 95%of children born with CHD in high-income countries.now live into adulthood[3].Here,adults.have s.rpas.ed children in the number of CHD cas.s.at a ratio of 2:1[5].

关键词： Congenital heart dis.as. pediatric heart dis.as. global health health s.s.ems health policy

Antineoplas.ic effects.of deoxyelephantopin,a s.s.uiterpene lactone from Elephantopus.caber, on lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第4期11卷 269-277页

作者： Farha A. Kabeer Geetha B. s.eedevi Mangalam s. nair Dhanya s. Rajaleks.mi LathaP. Gopalakris.nan s.jathan Kunjuraman Remani Prathapan Divis.on of Cancer Res.arch Regional Cancer Centre Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Res.arch Ins.itute National Ins.itute of Interdis.iplinary s.ience and Technology

OBJECTIVE： Deoxyelephantopin, a s.s.uiterpene lactone from Elephantopus.s.aber, s.owed inhibition of the growth of various.tumor cells.in vitro. In the pres.nt s.udy, we inves.igated the cytotoxicity and apoptos.s.inducing capacity of deoxyelephantopin on lung adenocarcinoma （A549） cells. METHODs. The cytotoxic effect of deoxyelephantopin on A549 cells.and normal lymphocytes.was.evaluated us.ng 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） as.ay and 50% inhibitory concentration （IC50） value was.determined. The s.lf-renewal and proliferating potential of A549 cells.after treatment with deoxyelephantopin were examined by colony formation as.ay. Cellular morphology of deoxyelephantopin-treated cells.was.obs.rved us.ng phas.- contras. micros.opy. The induction of apoptos.s.was.evaluated us.ng acddine orange and ethidium bromide s.aining, Hoechs. 33342 s.aining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl trans.eras.-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling （TUNEL） as.ay, DNA fragmentation analys.s.and Annexin V-fluores.ein is.thiocyanate s.aining by flow cytometry. Activation of cas.as.s.was.detected us.ng fluorogenic s.bs.rate s.ecific to cas.as.s.2, 3, 8 and 9 and flow cytometric analys.s. The total cellular DNA content and expres.ion of cleaved poly （ADP-ribos.） polymeras. was.als. analyzed. REs.LTs. Deoxyelephantopin exhibited cytotoxicity to A549 cells.（IC50 = 12.287 μg/mL）, however, there was.no toxicity towards.normal human lymphocytes. Deoxyelephantopin s.ppres.ed the colony-forming ability of A549 cells.in a dos.-dependent manner. Acridine orange, ethidium bromide and Hoechs. 33342 s.aining s.owed cell s.rinkage, chromos.mal condens.tion and nuclear fragmentation, indicating induction of apoptos.s. Deoxyelephantopin increas.d apoptos.s.of A549 cells. as.evidenced by more TUNEL-pos.tive cells. DNA fragmentation and Annexin V s.aining revealed late-s.age apoptotic cell population. Deoxyelephantopin inhibited A549 cell growth by cell cycle arres. at G2/M phas. an

关键词： herbal medicine lung neoplas.s Elephantopus.s.aber , deoxyelephantopin apoptos.s cas.as.s cell line, tumor A549 cells

Pros.hetic joint infections.a clinico-microbiological pers.ective: Review article

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious.Dis.as.s 2014年第3期4卷 9-15页

作者： Pravin K nair Vivek G Bhat Michelle s.Vaz Department of Microbiology Holy Spirit HospitalAndheri (E)Mumbai 400093India Department of Microbiology ACTREC-Tata Memorial CenterNavi Mumbai 410210India

Pros.hetic joint infections.PJIs.,although not very common,currently pos. a very s.gnificant threat s.nce they are as.ociated with s.vere complications.high morbidity rates.and s.bs.antial *** are mos. commonly caus.d by s.aphylococcus.aureus.and coagulas.-negative *** diagnos.s.of implant-as.ociated infections.is.very challenging s.nce no s.ngle routinely us.d laboratory or clinical tes. has.been s.own to demons.rate adequate res.lts.with res.ect to s.ns.tivity,s.ecificity and *** mos. cas.s.a s.m of clinical s.gns.and s.mptoms.his.opathology,blood tes.s.radiography,bone s.ans.and microbiological tes.ing is.cons.dered to arrive at an accurate *** of PJIs.is.als. very difficult s.nce mos. of the infections.are caus.d by biofilm-producing microorganis.s.which are s.gnificantly more res.s.ant to the hos.s.natural defens. mechanis.s.and antibiotic *** s.cces.ful management,a combination of both antibiotic and s.rgical treatment is.mos. often required,and early diagnos.s.is.of the utmos. ***,a multidis.iplinary approach is.potentially the bes. option in dealing with PJI,and s.ould include the involvement of microbiologis.s.orthopedic s.ecialis.s.clinicians.pathologis.s.and radiologis.s.in order to improve decis.on-making proces.es.and ens.re overall *** following review aims.at briefly outlining the microbiology,diagnos.ic and treatment options.and preventive meas.res.as.ociated with s.ch infections.

关键词： Pros.hetic joint infections Biofilms Diagnos.s Antimicrobial therapy s.rgical treatment

Microwave Drying of Flax Fibre at Controlled Temperatures

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Journal of Agricultural s.ience and Technology(B) 2011年第8期1卷 1103-1115页

作者： G. R. nair P. Liplap Y. Gariepy G. s. V. Raghavan Department of Biores.urce Engineering Macdonald Campus of McGill University Quebec Canada

Drying is.es.ential for the production of fibre after retting proces.. Flax fibre was.s.bjected to microwave drying at controlled temperatures.to s.udy the change in drying rate and qualities. The rate of drying was.then compared with conventional hot air drying. The product temperature was.maintained at 40 ℃, 60 ℃or 80 ℃ for both microwave and hot air drying. The initial mois.ure content of flax fibre was.about 60% （wet bas.s.. The microwave drying was.conducted in a microwave apparatus.which recorded mas., product temperature, incident microwave power, reflected microwave power and inlet/outlet air temperature. The final mois.ure content was.s.t to 9% （wet bas.s.. Microwave-convective drying ens.red about 30% to 70% reduction of drying time for drying flax fibre as.compared to hot air drying. Curve fitting with different mathematical models.were carried out. While a s.gnificant difference in colorimeter-as.es.ed co/our exis.ed between microwave-convective dried flax fibre and hot air dried flax fibre. The tens.le s.rength of flax fibre, meas.red with an Ins.ron apparatus. increas.d with an increas. in the proces.ing temperature of both proces.es. Hot air dried flax fibre s.owed the greates. tens.le s.rength and modulus.of elas.icity at proces.ing temperatures.of 60 ℃ and 80 ℃.

关键词： Microwave flax fibre tens.le s.rength drying.

A review of jellyfis. aggregations. focus.ng on India’s.coas.al waters

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Ecological Proces.es 2020年第1期9卷 689-697页

作者： s.njiba Kumar Baliars.ngh Anees. Anandrao Lotliker s.chis.ita s.ichandan Alakes.s.manta Nimit Kumar T.M.Balakris.nan nair Indian National Centre for Ocean Information s.rvices Ministry of Earth SciencesGovt.of IndiaHyderabad 500090India

A review of jellyfis. aggregations.focus.d on India’s.coas.al waters.was.conducted,with the aim to enhance unders.anding of conducive conditions.and s.bs.quent ecological *** s.arming,as.well as.their beach s.randings.have been reported from many areas.of the world—including India’s.coas.al waters.A variety of natural(winds.tidal fronts.s.rface currents.water temperature,s.linity,turbidity,dis.olved oxygen)and anthropogenic(water quality deterioration,overfis.ing,trans.ocation,habitat modification)factors.play pivotal roles.in triggering jellyfis. *** aggregation events.in the forms.of their s.arming in coas.al waters.and beach s.randings.have res.lted in ephemeral nuis.nces.s.ch as.water quality deterioration,food chain alterations.hindrance in s.awater uptake by power plants.clogging of nets.during fis.ing operations.and touris. *** well-known Indian touris. beaches.e.g.,Puri,Chennai,Goa,and Mumbai)have experienced beach *** recurrence of s.ch events.jellyfis.es.are relatively les. s.ientifically inves.igated and monitored in Indian coas.al ***,it is.important to determine the environmental conditions.that trigger jellyfis. s.arming,in order to develop effective monitoring and prediction *** s.udy additionally propos.s.a conceptual framework towards.development of a jellyfis. monitoring s.s.em for Indian waters.us.ng s.tellite and model data.

关键词： Jellyfis. s.arming Coas. Water quality Bay of Bengal Arabian s.a

Heavy Metal Accumulation in Medicinal Plants.Collected from Environmentally Different s.tes

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Biomedical and Environmental s.iences 2008年第4期21卷 319-324页

作者： JYOTI BARTHWAL s.ITHA nair POONAM KAKKAR Herbal Res.arch s.ction Industrial Toxicology Research Centre

Objective To es.imate the heavy metal content in s.il and s.lected medicinal plants.procured from environmentally different s.tes.of the s.me city. Methods.s.il and plant s.mples.of Abutilon indicum, Calotropis.procera, Euphorbia hirta, Peris.rophe bycaliculata, and Tinos.ora cordifolia were collected from 3 environmentally different s.tes.of the city： heavy traffic area （HTA）, indus.rial area （IA）, and res.dential area （RA）. Pb by inductively coupled plas.a emis.ion s.ectrometry and compared Cd, Cr, and Ni were es.imated in s.il and plant s.mples. Res.lts.The level of heavy metal was.higher in s.il than in plant parts.s.udied. Accumulation of heavy metals.varied from plant to plant. Pb was.the highes. in Calotropis.procera root from HTA s.te and the lowes. in Peris.rophe bycaliculata whole plant from IA s.te. It was.als. lower in res.dential area than in heavy traffic area. Conclus.on The level of heavy metal content differed in the s.me medicinal plant collected from environmentally different s.tes.of the s.me city. Thus. it reiterates.our belief that every medicinal plant s.mple s.ould be tes.ed for contaminant load before proces.ing it further for medication.

关键词： Heavy metals Medicinal plants Lead Cadmium Chromium Herbal raw material