检索结果-南通市图书馆

后生素调控动物肠道健康的作用机制及应用进展

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

畜牧兽医学报 2024年第5期55卷 1926-1935页

作者：张吉贤范定坤付域泽焦帅马涛毕研亮张乃锋中国农业科学院饲料研究所农业农村部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室北京100081

后生素是指由对宿主健康有益的无生命的微生物和/或菌体成分/代谢物组成的制剂。有效的后生素,必须包含无生命的微生物细胞或菌体成分,且菌体成分主要包括细胞壁、细胞膜、脂磷壁酸、脂多糖、细胞外囊泡、菌毛和细胞表层蛋白等。本文从... 详细信息

后生素是指由对宿主健康有益的无生命的微生物和/或菌体成分/代谢物组成的制剂。有效的后生素,必须包含无生命的微生物细胞或菌体成分,且菌体成分主要包括细胞壁、细胞膜、脂磷壁酸、脂多糖、细胞外囊泡、菌毛和细胞表层蛋白等。本文从后生素调节肠道菌群、增强肠道屏障功能、调节免疫反应、调节机体代谢和调节神经传导等五个方面的益生功能综述其作用机制,并总结了乳杆菌源、酵母源等不同来源的后生素在动物中的应用,以期为后生素后续的分类、开发和利用提供参考。

关键词：后生素作用机制肠道健康免疫动物

维普期刊数据库博看期刊

Epigenetic modulation of DNA methylation by nutrition and its mechanisms in animals

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 144-151页

作者： naifeng zhang Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture

It is well known that phenotype of animals may be modified by the nutritional modulations through epigenetic mechanisms. As a key and central component of epigenetic network, DNA methylation is labile in response to nutritional influences. Alterations in DNA methylation profiles can lead to changes in gene expression, resulting in diverse phenotypes with the potential for decreased growth and ***, I reviewed the biological process of DNA methylation that results in the addition of methyl groups to DNA; the possible ways including methyl donors, DNA methyltransferase(DNMT) activity and other cofactors, the critical periods including prenatal, postnatal and dietary transition periods, and tissue specific of epigenetic modulation of DNA methylation by nutrition and its mechanisms in animals.

关键词： Critical period DNA methylation Epigenetics Nutrition Tissue specific

食叶草的营养价值及其在肉羊瘤胃中降解特性研究

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

动物营养学报 2024年第6期36卷 3789-3796页

作者：杨春旭陈渤周威陈东李琴张乃锋屠焰毕研亮成述儒刁其玉甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院兰州730070 中国农业科学院饲料研究所农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室北京100081 北京茂盛食叶草科技产业发展有限公司北京101318 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院长沙410128

本试验旨在研究食叶草的营养价值及其在肉羊瘤胃中的降解特性,为食叶草在反刍动物饲粮中的应用提供依据。在采用化学分析法测定食叶草常规营养成分含量的基础上,采用尼龙袋法,以装有瘤胃瘘管的3头成年肉羊为试验动物,测定食叶草中4种常... 详细信息

本试验旨在研究食叶草的营养价值及其在肉羊瘤胃中的降解特性,为食叶草在反刍动物饲粮中的应用提供依据。在采用化学分析法测定食叶草常规营养成分含量的基础上,采用尼龙袋法,以装有瘤胃瘘管的3头成年肉羊为试验动物,测定食叶草中4种常规营养成分在2、4、6、12、24、36、48 h时的瘤胃降解率和降解参数。结果表明:新鲜食叶草中初水分含量为91.12%,食叶草干物质(DM)中有机物(OM)含量达到96.99%,粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)含量分别为31.43%和2.45%,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量分别为31.75%和25.45%,钙(Ca)、磷(P)含量分别为0.51%和0.40%。食叶草DM、CP、NDF、ADF 48 h的瘤胃降解率分别为81.05%、82.88%、60.70%、58.57%,有效降解率分别为56.13%、58.93%、36.36%、34.94%。综上可知,食叶草的CP含量较高,NDF和ADF含量较低,主要营养成分在肉羊瘤胃中有较高的降解率,可作为优质饲草来源在反刍动物养殖中推广。

关键词：食叶草营养价值肉羊尼龙袋法瘤胃降解率

生长期萨能奶山羊能量和蛋白质需要量的Meta分析

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

中国畜牧杂志 2024年第2期60卷 265-272页

作者：黄娟刁其玉张乃锋中国农业科学院饲料研究所农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室北京100081

本研究旨在通过数据模型估算生长期萨能奶山羊的能量和蛋白质需要量。为确定模型参数,采用数据库检索的方法收集文献,按照文献排除标准,共纳入文献9篇、419只萨能奶山羊的数据进行Meta分析。提取的文献定量指标包括体重(BW)、空腹体重(E... 详细信息

本研究旨在通过数据模型估算生长期萨能奶山羊的能量和蛋白质需要量。为确定模型参数,采用数据库检索的方法收集文献,按照文献排除标准,共纳入文献9篇、419只萨能奶山羊的数据进行Meta分析。提取的文献定量指标包括体重(BW)、空腹体重(EBW)、平均日增重(ADG)、产热量(HP)、代谢能摄入量(MEI)、沉积能量(RE)、代谢蛋白质摄入量(MPI)和体蛋白质含量(BPC)。通过拟合获得主要模型:维持净能(NEm)Log HP(MJ/kg EBW0.75)=-0.534 08(±0.025 01)+0.424 45(±0.020 40)×MEI(MJ/kg EBW0.75);生长净能(NEg):NEg(MJ/kg EBW0.75)=1.29 471×100.644 54×EBW0.294 71;维持净蛋白质(NPm):RN(g/kg EBW0.75)=-0.456 21(±0.514 35)+3.035 90(±0.638 35)×NI(g/kg EBW0.75);生长净蛋白质(NPg):NPg(g/d)=0.94 717×102.318 84×EBW-0.058 3。通过模型计算得出10~40 kg萨能奶山羊的NEm为0.29 MJ/kg EBW0.75,维持代谢能(MEm)为0.483 0 MJ/kg EBW0.75;NPm为2.85 g/kg EBW0.75,维持代谢蛋白质(MPm)为3.314 7 g/kg EBW0.75。体重10~40 kg阶段,日增重为100~250 g/d时的NEg需要量为0.77~3.41 MJ/d,生长代谢能(MEg)为3.848~17.743 MJ/d;NPg为12.00~34.33 g/d;生长代谢蛋白质(MPg)为17.14~49.04 g/d。因此,本文得出生长期萨能奶山羊的能量及蛋白质需要量与NRC推荐值存在较小差异,可以使用本研究得出的需要量公式及参数作为参考。

关键词： Meta分析萨能奶山羊能量蛋白质营养需要

维普期刊数据库博看期刊

Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into the roles of exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate acid for the development of rumen epithelium in young goats

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 10-21页

作者： Yimin Zhuang Jianmin Chai Mahmoud M.Abdelsattar Yuze Fu naifeng zhang Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Animal Science Division of AgricultureUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding College of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanChina Department of Animal and Poultry Production Faculty of AgricultureSouth Valley University83523 QenaEgypt

Beta-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA),as one of the main metabolic ketones in the rumen epithelium,plays critical roles in cellular growth and *** ketogenic capacity is associated with the maturation of rumen in young ruminants,and the exogenous BHBA in diet may promote the rumen ***,the effects of exogenous BHBA on rumen remain *** is the first study to investigate the mechanisms of BHBA on gene expression and metabolism of rumen epithelium using young goats as a model through multi-omics ***-two young goats were divided into control,low dose,middle dose,and high dose groups by supplementation of BHBA in starter(0,3,6,and 9 g/day,respectively).Results demonstrated the dietary of BHBA promoted the growth performance of young goats and increased width and length of the rumen papilla(P<0.05).Hub genes in host transcriptome that were positively related to rumen characteristics and BHBA concentration were *** upregulated hub genes including NDUFC1,NDUFB4,NDUFB10,NDUFA11 and NDUFA1 were enriched in the gene ontology(GO)pathway of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)dehydrogenase(ubiquinone)activity,while ATP5ME,ATP5PO and ATP5PF were associated with ATP ***-PCR revealed the expression of genes(HMGCS2,BDH1,SLC16A3,etc.)associated with lipolysis increased significantly by BHBA supplementation(P<0.05).Metabolomics indicated that some metabolites such as glucose,palmitic acid,cortisol and capric acid were also increased(P<0.05).This study revealed that BHBA promoted rumen development through altering NADH balance and accelerating lipid metabolism,which provides a theoretical guidance for the strategies of gastrointestinal health and development of young ruminants.

关键词： Rumen Beta-hydroxybutyrate acid Lipid metabolism Transcriptome Metabolomics Goat

Effect of supplementation of allicin on methanogenesis and ruminal microbial flora in Dorper crossbred ewes

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第2期7卷 194-200页

作者： Tao Ma Dandan Chen Yan Tu naifeng zhang Bingwen Si Kaidong Deng Qiyu Diao Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Animal Science Jinling Institute of Technology

Background： Garlic extracts have been reported to be effective in reducing methanogenesis. Related mechanisms are not well illustrated, however, and most studies have been conducted in vitro. This study investigates the effects of supplementary allicin（AL） in sheep diet on in vivo digestibility, rumen fermentation, and shifts of microbial ***： Two experiments were conducted using Dorper × thin-tailed Han crossbred ewes. In experiment 1,eighteen ewes（60.0 ± 1.73 kg BW） were randomly assigned for 29 days to either of two dietary treatments： a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 2.0 g AL/head？day to investigate supplementary AL on nutrient digestibility and methane emissions. In experiment 2, six ewes（65.2 ± 2.0 kg BW） with ruminal canulas were assigned to the same two dietary treatments as in experiment 1 for 42 days to investigate supplementary AL on ruminal fermentation and microbial flora. The methane emissions were determined using an open-circuit respirometry system and microbial assessment was done by q PCR of 16 S r RNA ***： Supplementary AL increased the apparent digestibility of organic matter（P 〈 0.001）, nitrogen（P = 0.006）,neutral detergent fiber（P 〈 0.001）, and acid detergent fiber（P = 0.002）. Fecal nitrogen output was reduced（P = 0.001）but urinary nitrogen output was unaffected（P = 0.691）, while nitrogen retention（P = 0.077） and nitrogen retention/nitrogen intake（P = 0.077） tended to increase. Supplementary AL decreased methane emissions scaled to metabolic bodyweight by 5.95 %（P = 0.007） and to digestible organic matter intake by 8.36 %（P = 0.009）. Ruminal p H was unaffected（P = 0.601） while ammonia decreased（P = 0.024） and total volatile fatty acids increased（P = 0.024） in response to supplementary AL. Supplementary AL decreased the population of methanogens（P = 0.001） and tended to decrease that of protozoans（P = 0.097）, but increased the populations of F. succinogenes（P 〈 0.001）, R. flavefaciens（P = 0.001）, and B. fibris

关键词： Allicin Digestibility Ewe Methane Microbial flora

Net protein and metabolizable protein requirements for maintenance and growth of early-weaned Dorper crossbred male lambs

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 701-706页

作者： Tao Ma Kaidong Deng Yan Tu naifeng zhang Bingwen Si Guishan Xu Qiyu Diao Feed Research Institute/Key laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Animal Science Jinling Institute of Technology College of Animal Science Tarim University

Background： Dorper is an important breed for meat purpose and widely used in the livestock industry of the ***, the protein requirement of Dorper crossbred has not been investigated. The current paper reports the net protein（NP） and metabolizable protein（MP） requirements of Dorper crossbred ram lambs from 20 to 35 kg ***： Thirty-five Dorper × thin-tailed Han crossbred lambs weaned at approximately 50 d of age（20.3 ± 2.15 kg of BW） were used. Seven lambs of 25 kg BW were slaughtered as the baseline animals at the start of the trial. An intermediate group of seven randomly selected lambs fed ad libitum was slaughtered at 28.6 kg BW. The remaining 21 lambs were randomly divided into three levels of dry matter intake： ad libitum or 70% or 40% of ad libitum intake. Those lambs were slaughtered when the lambs fed ad libitum reached 35 kg BW. Total body N and N retention were ***： The daily NP and MP requirements for maintenance were 1.89 and 4.52 g/kg metabolic shrunk BW（SBW0.75）.The partial efficiency of MP utilization for maintenance was 0.42. The NP requirement for growth ranged from 12.1 to 43.5 g/d, for the lambs gaining 100 to 350 g/d, and the partial efficiency of MP utilization for growth was ***： The NP and MP requirements for the maintenance and growth of Dorper crossbred male lambs were lower than the recommendations of American and British nutritional systems.

关键词： Growth Lamb Maintenance Metabolizable protein Net protein

Impact of dietary supplementation of β-hydroxybutyric acid on performance, nutrient digestibility, organ development and serum stress indicators in early-weaned goat kids

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 16-22页

作者： Mahmoud M.Abdelsattar Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez Yimin Zhuang Yuze Fu naifeng zhang Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Animal and Poultry Production Faculty of Agriculture South Valley University Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Grùnnegardsvej 3

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of β-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA) on performance, nutrient digestibility, organ development, and serum composition in earlyweaned goat kids. Sixty-four goat kids at 30 d of age were assigned to 4 treatments in a completely randomized design: 1) control(basal diet); 2) low(basal diet with 3 g/d per animal BHBA); 3) medium(basal diet with 6 g/d per animal BHBA; and 4) high(basal diet with 9 g/d per animal BHBA). Subsequently, 48(6 kids per treatment) goat kids were randomly selected and slaughtered at 60 and 90 d of age. Compared with the control group, BHBA at low and high doses increased body weight(P < 0.05),average daily gain(P < 0.01), and average daily starter intake(P < 0.01). The BHBA improved organ development, especially at the lowest dose(P < 0.01). The digestibility of dry matter and crude protein increased with age(P < 0.05). However, BHBA did not affect nutrient digestibility. Compared with the control group, serum ceruloplasmin increased(P < 0.05) with high BHBA level at 90 d of age. However,the serum creatinine(P < 0.05) increased over time but was not affected by BHBA. The serum total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase decreased with the high dose of BHBA at 90 d of age(P < 0.01). In contrast, the serum glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde increased with the high doses of BHBA(P < 0.01). Overall, low doses of BHBA were positive for growth performance, organ development, and health status against weaning stress. Whereas high doses of BHBA in the long term could negatively affect antioxidant status.

关键词： Beta-hydroxybutyric acid Goat kid Acute-phase protein response Weaning stress Antioxidant capacity

Rumen microbiota-host transcriptome interaction mediates the protective effects of trans-10,cis-12 CLA on facilitating weaning transition of lambs

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 345-359页

作者： Chunlei Yang Xiangfei Deng Peter Lund Haixia Liu Xingwang Ding Zhengwei Fu naifeng zhang Jinjun Li Lifeng Dong College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310014China Department of Animal Science Aarhus UniversityAU FoulumDK-8830TjeleDenmark Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College Taizhou225300China Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sino-US Joint Lab on Nutrition and Metabolism of RuminantBeijing100081China Institute of Food Sciences Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China

Developing alternatives to antibiotics for prevention of gastrointestinal dysbiosis in early-weaning farmed animals is urgently *** study was to explore the potential effects of trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)on maintaining ruminal homeostasis of young ruminants during the weaning transition *** neonatal lambs were selected(6 lambs per group)and euthanized for rumen microbial and epithelial *** lambs were weaned at 28 d and experienced the following 5 treatments:euthanized on d 28 as the pre-weaning control(CON0),fed starter feed for 5(CON5)or 21(CON21)d,fed starter feed with 1%of CLA supplemented for 5(CLA5)or 21(CLA21)*** showed that the average daily weight gain and dry matter intake were significantly higher in CLA5 than CON5 *** compared with the CON5 and CON21 group,the relative abundances of volatile fatty acid(VFA)producing bacteria including Bacteroides,Treponema,Parabacteroides and Anaerovibrio,as well as the concentrations of acetate,butyrate and total VFA were significantly increased in CLA5 and CLA21 group,*** microbial profiling and epithelial transcriptome results showed that 7 downregulated inflammatory signaling-related host genes IL2RA,CXCL9,CD4,CCR4,LTB,SPP1,and BCL2A1 with CLA supplementation were significantly negatively correlated with both VFA concentration and VFA producing bacteria,while 3(GPX2,SLC27A2 and ALDH3A1)and 2(GSTM3 and GSTA1)upregulated metabolism-related genes,significantly positively correlated with either VFA concentration or VFA producing bacteria,*** confirm the effects of CLA on epithelial signal transduction,in vitro experiment was further conducted by treating rumen epithelial cells without or with IL-17A+TNF-αfor 12 h after pretreatment of 100μM CLA or not(6 replicates per treatment).The results demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of CLA via suppressing the protein expression of NF-кB p-p65/p65 with the activation of peroxisome prol

关键词： Trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid Rumen microbiota Epithelial transcriptome Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Weaning stress