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A combined tectono-climatic control on Holocene sedimentation in Ladakh Himalaya,India: Clues from Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility(AMS) of lake sediments

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 738-753页

作者： b.V.Lakshmi k.Deenadayalan Md.Mujahed baba Saumitra Misra Indian Institute of Geomagnetism Discipline of Geological Sciences SAEESUniversity of Kwa Zulu-Natal

Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility(AMS) data from a ～27.8 m thick soft sedimentary mud sequence(～10.5-3.25 k yrs) from the Spituk Palaeolake Sequence(SPSS) of Holocene age, located in the northern bank of the Indus River in the Leh-Ladakh Himalaya, show effects of tectonic versus climate dynamics responsible for the Himalayan sedimentation. The sedimentary sequence, consisting of alternating of aeolian sand and glacio-fluvial mud flow deposits, has been subdivided into an older Last Glacier Phase I(LGP 1) and a younger Last Glacier Phase II(LGP 2), where the termination of each phase is marked by the occurrence of gravel beds of thickness ≤1 m, which were deposited due to glacial melting. The present AMS data along with previously published information on sedimentology confirm that the mudflow deposits of the LGP 1 and LGP 2phases were deposited in a lacustrine environment under glacio-fluvial conditions. However, a weak fluvial flow towards NW and NE could have existed for the LGP 1 and LGP 2, respectively. The glacial beds terminating LGP 1 and LGP 2 appear to have formed by climatic warming and tectonic activity, respectively. Hence, the Holocene Himalayan sedimentation was influenced by both climatic and tectonic activities. However, the thickness of the gravel bed(～0.8 m) terminating LGP 2 occupies only ～ 2.8 vol % of the total studied thickness～28 m, of the SPSS in the present study, which indicated a lesser control of tectonism in the growth of the Himalaya in and around the study area.

关键词： Holocene palaeolake sequence AMS studies Gravel beds Deglaciation Tectonic instability

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Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b:A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 331-343页

作者： Robert Lam Joseph k Lim Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Chronic hepatitis b virus(HbV)infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United *** is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis,liver failure,and liver *** therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression,which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver ***,current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects,adherence,resistance,long-term treatment,and ongoing risk for liver *** investigational agents are currently in development and are targeted at achieving functional cure with sustained hepatitis b surface antigen(HbsAg)loss and suppression of HbV *** we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining the efficacy and safety profiles for key investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b,including core/capsid inhibitors,entry inhibitors,RNA interference(siRNA/ASO),HbsAg inhibitors,Toll-like receptor agonists,checkpoint inhibitors,and therapeutic vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis b virus Treatment Clinical trials RNA interference Entry inhibitors Core inhibitors Immunomodulators

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Optimization of chemistry and process parameters for control of intermetallic formation in Mg sludges

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1431-1448页

作者： Y.Fu G.G.Wang A.Hu Y.Li k.b.Thacker J.P.Weiler H.Hu Department of Mechanical Automotive and Materials EngineeringUniversity of Windsor401 Sunset AveWindsorOntario N9B 3P4Canada Global Technology Centre Meridian Lightweight Technologies25 MacNab AveStrathroyOntario N7G 4H6Canada

Intermetallic formation in sludge during magnesium(Mg)melting,holding and high pressure die casting practices is a very important ***,very often it is overlooked by academia,original equipment manufacturers(OEM),metal ingot producers and even die *** aim of this study was to minimize the intermetallic formation in Mg sludge via the optimization of the chemistry and process *** Al8Mn5 intermetallic particles were identified by the microstructure analysis based on the Al and Mn *** design of experiment(DOE)technique,Taguchi method,was employed to minimize the intermetallic formation in the sludge of Mg alloys with various chemical compositions of Al,Mn,Fe,and different process parameters,holding temperature and holding *** sludge yield(SY)and intermetallic size(IS)was selected as two *** optimum combination of the levels in terms of minimizing the intermetallic formation were 9 wt.%Al,0.15 wt.%Mn,0.001 wt.%(10 ppm)Fe,690℃ for the holding temperature and holding at 30 mins for the holding time,*** best combination for smallest intermetallic size were 9 wt.%Al,0.15 wt.%Mn,0.001 wt.%(10 ppm)Fe,630℃ for the holding temperature and holding at 60 mins for the holding time,*** groups of sludge factors,Chemical Sludge(CSF),Physical Sludge(PSF)and Comprehensive Sludge Factors(and CPSF)were established for prediction of sludge yields and intermetallic sizes in Al-containing Mg *** CPSF with five independent variables including both chemical elements and process parameters gave high accuracy in prediction,as the prediction of the PSF with only the two processing parameters of the melt holding temperature and time showed a relatively large deviation from the experimental *** Chemical Sludge Factor was primarily designed for small ingot producers and die casters with a limited melting and holding capacity,of which process parameters could be fixed *** Physical Sludge Factor could be used f

关键词： Magnesium sludge Al-Mn intermetallic Optimization Taguchi method Sludge factor Chemical composition Process parameter

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Verification and Validation of High-Resolution Inviscid and Viscous Conical Nozzle Flows

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 533-549页

作者： Luciano k.Araki Rafael b.de R.borges Nicholas Dicati P.da Silva Chi-Wang Shu Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of ParanáCuritiba81531-980ParanáBrazil Mathematics and Statistics Institute Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro20550-900Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of MaringáMaringá87020-900ParanáBrazil Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA

Capturing elaborated flow structures and phenomena is required for well-solved numerical *** finite difference methods allow simple discretization of mesh and model ***,they need simpler meshes,e.g.,*** inverse Lax-Wendroff(ILW)procedure can handle complex geometries for rectangular ***-resolution and high-order methods can capture elaborated flow structures and *** also have strong mathematical and physical backgrounds,such as positivity-preserving,jump conditions,and wave propagation *** perceive an effort toward direct numerical simulation,for instance,regarding weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)***,we propose to solve a challenging engineering application without turbulence *** aim to verify and validate recent high-resolution and high-order *** check the solver accuracy,we solved vortex and Couette ***,we solved inviscid and viscous nozzle flows for a conical *** employed the finite difference method,positivity-preserving Lax-Friedrichs splitting,high-resolution viscous terms discretization,fifth-order multi-resolution WENO,ILW,and third-order strong stability preserving *** showed the solver is high-order and captured elaborated flow structures and *** can see oblique shocks in both nozzle *** the viscous flow,we also captured a free-shock separation,recirculation,entrainment region,Mach disk,and the diamond-shaped pattern of nozzle flows.

关键词： High-resolution Compressible Navier-Stokes Free-shock separation Nozzle flow

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RbC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.k.Maksimov P.b.Ermolinskiy O.N.Scheglovitova N.N.Sklyankina A.V.Muravyov A.E.Lugovtsov A.V.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia k.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red blood cells(RbCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,RbC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(NO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the RbC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced NO on RbC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the NO e®ect on RbC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** RbC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The RbC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that NO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only NO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of RbC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of NO production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:Necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,NO decreased the RbC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of RbC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： Red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers Myrenne flow chamber

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Entropy generation minimization in the Carreau nanofluid flow over a convectively heated inclined plate with quadratic thermal radiation and chemical reaction:A Stefan blowing application

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Propulsion and Power Research 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： b.Lavanya J.Girish kumar M.Jayachandra babu C.S.k.Raju bander Almutairi Nehad Ali Shah Department of Mathematics Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India Department of Mathematics S.V.A Government CollegeSrikalahasti 517644India Department of Mathematics GITAM School of Science(GSS)GITAMBangaloreKarnatakaIndia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea

Entropy analysis can help to identify the sources of entropy generation in a heat transfer process more accurately than other methods,such as energy efﬁciency *** is because entropy analysis takes into account the quality of energy as well as its ***-noﬂuids have already been shown to have superior heat transfer characteristics compared to conventionalﬂ*** blowing can further enhance the heat transfer capabilities of nano-ﬂuids by increasing the massﬂux and turbulence at the *** can be beneﬁcial in a wide range of applications,such as heat exchangers,electronic cooling,and solar energy *** convective boundary condition accounts for heat transfer effects,inﬂuencing temperature distribution and the thermal boundary *** on the direction of heat transfer,the convective boundary condition can induce cooling or heating effects on the inclined *** has practical implications for various engineering applications,such as the cooling of electronic devices or heating in industrial *** nanofluids have a wide range of potential applications in heat transfer,energy storage,drug delivery,and food *** research investigates how the presence of Stefan blowing affects the properties of Carreau nanofluid flow across a convectively heated tilted *** and mass transport phenomena are studied using quadratic thermal radiation and chemical reaction *** mathematical model for this work is based on the buongiorno *** governing equations are converted into a system of ordinary differential equations and then solved using the bvp4c *** parameters such as the mass transfer rate can be visualized using bar *** study’s primary findings are that when the Weissenberg number increases,the velocity rises and the concentration profile declines due to brownian *** is discovered that,when 0.5≤γ≤3(the inverse porosity parameter),the friction factor declines by 0.34001(

关键词： Thermal radiation bVP4C Stefan blowing biot number brownian motion Irreversibilit

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Effect of Al_(2)O_(3)on the Mechanical Properties of(b_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al Neutron Absorbing Materials

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第8期37卷 1411-1420页

作者： J.X.Cai b.M.Shi N.Li Y.Liu Z.G.Zhang Y.N.Zan Q.Z.Wang b.L.Xiao Z.Y.Ma Shi‑Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Nuclear Equipment Division Beijing Institute of Nuclear EngineeringChina Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Beijing 100840China Department of Materials Science School of Mechanical EngineeringShenyang UniversityShenyang 110044China

b_(4)C/Al composites are widely utilized as neutron absorbing materials for the storage and transportation of spent nuclear *** order to improve the high-temperature mechanical properties of b_(4)C/Al composites,in-situ nano-Al_(2)O_(3)was introduced utilizing oxide on Al powder *** this study,the Al_(2)O_(3)content was adjusted by utilizing spheroid Al powder with varying diameters,thereby investigating the impact of Al_(2)O_(3)content on the tensile properties of(b_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al *** was found that the pinning effect of Al_(2)O_(3)on the grain boundaries could hinder the recovery of dislocations and lead to dislocation accumulation at high *** the result,with the increase in Al_(2)O_(3)content and the decrease in grain size,the high-temperature strength of the composites increased *** finest Al powder used in this investigation had a diameter of 1.4μm,whereas the resultant composite exhibited a maximum strength of 251 MPa at room temperature and 133 MPa at 350℃,surpassing that of traditional b_(4)C/Al composites.

关键词： Al matrix composites Neutron absorbing materials (b_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al composites High-temperature strength

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Liver abnormalities following SARS-CoV 2 infection in children 1 to 10 years of age

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 28-35页

作者： Pauline Terebuh Veronica R Olaker Ellen k kendall David C kaelber Rong Xu Pamela b Davis Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education The MetroHealth SystemClevelandOHUSA Department of Medicine PediatricsDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health SciencesCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Center for Community Health Integration Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Objective beginning in October 2021 in the USA and elsewhere,cases of severe paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young *** the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading aetiological suspects,we attempted to investigate a potential role for SARS-CoV 2 in the development of subsequent liver *** We conducted a study using retrospective cohorts of deidentified,aggregated data from the electronic health records of over 100 million patients contributed by US healthcare *** Compared with propensity score matched children with other respiratory infections,children aged 1-10 years with COVID-19 had a higher risk of elevated transaminases(HR(95%CI)2.16(1.74 to 2.69))or total bilirubin(HR(95%CI)3.02(1.91 to 4.78)),or new diagnoses of liver diseases(HR(95%CI)1.67(1.21 to 2.30))from 1 to 6 months after *** with pre-existing liver abnormalities,liver abnormalities surrounding acute infection,younger age(1-4 years)or illness requiring hospitalisation all had similarly elevated *** who developed liver abnormalities following COVID-19 had more pre-existing conditions than those who developed abnormalities following other *** These results indicate that SARS-CoV 2 may prime the patient for subsequent development of liver infections or non-infectious liver *** rare(~1 in 1000),SARS-CoV 2 is a risk for subsequent abnormalities in liver function or the diagnosis of diseases of the liver.

关键词： elevated diagnosis subsequent

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Direct-Seeded Rice: Genetic Improvement of Game-Changing Traits for better Adaption

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 417-433页

作者： Priyanka NEGI Jagadish RANE Rajendra Sadashiv WAGH Tukaram Jayaram bHOR Dipti Digambar GODSE Priyanka JADHAV C.ANILkUMAR Dasari SREEkANTH k.SAMMI REDDY Sharad Ramrao GADAkH k.M.bORAIH C.b.HARISHA P.S.bASAVARAJ Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management Baramati 413115India Mahatma Phule krishi Vidyapeeth Rahuri 413722India ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture Bikaner 334006India ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Cuttack 753006India ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur 482004India Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh krishi Vidyapeeth Akola 444104India

The sustainability of rice production continues to be a subject of uncertainty and inquiry attributed to shifts in climatic conditions. In light of the impending climate change crisis and the high labor and water costs accompanying it, direct-seeded rice(DSR) is unquestionably one of the most practical solutions. Despite its resource and climate-friendly advantages, early maturing rice faces weed competitiveness and seedling establishment challenges. Resolving these issues is crucial for promoting its wider adoption among farmers, presenting it as a more effective sustainable rice cultivation method globally. Diverse traditional and contemporary breeding methods are employed to mitigate the limitations of the DSR approach, leveraging advanced techniques such as speed breeding and genome editing. Focusing on key traits like mesocotyl length elongation, early seedling vigor, root system architecture, and weed competitiveness holds promise for transformative improvements in DSR adaptation at a broader scale within farming communities. This review aims to summarize how these features contribute to increased crop production in DSR conditions and explore the research efforts focusing on enhancing DSR adaptation through these traits. Emphasizing the pivotal role of these game-changing traits in DSR adaptation, our analysis sheds light on their potential transformative impact and offers valuable insights for advancing DSR practices.

关键词： climate change direct-seeded rice aerobic rice early vigor trait

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black hole shadows in Einstein-bel-Robinson gravity

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 272-283页

作者： b.Hamil b.C.Lütfüoğlu Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Subatomique Facultédes Sciences ExactesUniversitéConstantine 1ConstantineAlgeria Department of Physics University of Hradec KrálovéRokitanského 6250003 Hradec KrálovéCzechia

Gravity models given by higher-order scalar curvature corrections are believed to bear important consequences. Einstein-bel-Robinson (EbR) gravity with quartic curvature modification motivated Sajadi et al. to explore static spherically symmetric black hole solutions using perturbative methods. In this study, inspired by their work, we investigate AdS black hole shadows in EbR gravity and demonstrate how the gravity parameter alters the energy emission rate. Finally, we address the same problem in the presence of plasma, because the black holes are thought to be surrounded by a medium that changes the geodesic of photons.

关键词： black hole shadows Einstein-bel-Robinson gravity plasma

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