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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam m.R.Groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne moore Jack p.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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多瑙河中游盆地黄土和其它陆相层序

地学前缘 1997年第1期4卷 43-60页

作者： m.pécs Geographical Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences 匈牙利

文章叙述了多瑙河中游盆地的第四系黄土与古土壤层序。一般第四纪下降盆地的黄土、砂及古土壤层的层序两倍于抬升的黄土高原及山坡部位所见到的数量，因此能划分得更详细。利用盆地中划分的层序重建的古气候特征可以表征大小不同的区域... 详细信息

文章叙述了多瑙河中游盆地的第四系黄土与古土壤层序。一般第四纪下降盆地的黄土、砂及古土壤层的层序两倍于抬升的黄土高原及山坡部位所见到的数量，因此能划分得更详细。利用盆地中划分的层序重建的古气候特征可以表征大小不同的区域性差别，同样亦可揭示不同时代的差异。根据冷黄土、埋藏溪流、河阶地等的位置，亦可根据不同古生物的指示，可获得某些气候类型（旱冷的、湿冷的）的重要信息。

关键词：黄土层序古气候陆相层序盆地第四纪

The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer m.Colón-mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose m.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina p.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.pagan Rivera Jorge D.miranda Department of physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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多瑙河中游盆地黄土和其它陆相层序

地学前缘 1997年第Z1期 47+49-64+66页

作者：Ｍ．Ｐéｃｓ

关键词：黄土层序古气候过去事件米兰柯维奇曲线

BaTiO_(3)solid solutions co-doped with Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+):Synthesis,structural evolution and dielectric properties

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1920-1926页

作者： R.martínez-López m.pérez-Labra J.A.Romero-Serrano F.R.Barrientos-Hernández m.Reyes-pérez m.I.Valenzuela-Carrillo G.Urbano-Reyes V.E.Reyes-Cruz G.I.Dávila-pulido Academic Area of Earth Sciences and materials Autonomous University of Hidalgo StateRoad Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5 Mineral de La Reforma.Hidalgo42184Mexico metallurgy and materials Department ESIQIE-IPNUPALMZacatencoCiudad de Mexico07738Mexico Autonomous University of Coahuila Boulevard Adolfo López Mateos S/nNueva RositaCoahuila26800Mexico

In this paper,the synthesis,structural evolution,and dielectric properties of BaTiO_(3)solid solutions codoped with rare earth elements(Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+))prepared using the solid-state reaction method are *** pure precursor powders of BaCl_3,TiO_(2),Gd_(2)O_(3),and Eu_(2)O_(3)were mixed in stoichiometric proportions,ground in an agate mortar before being uniaxially pressed at 250 mpa and sintered at 1300℃in air atmosphere for 6 h to obtain Ba_(1-3x)Gd_(2x)Ti_(1-3x)Eu_(4x)O_(3)(x=0,0.0015,0.01 and0.1).X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Rietveld's refinement results reveal the crystal phase ferroelectric tetragonal BaTiO_(3)for the samples with x=0,0.0015 and 0.01,as well as a consistent increment in the lattice parameters caused by the *** solubility limit of Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+)in the BaTiO_(3)structure is reached for the sample with x>0.01,and the orthorhombic Eu_2TiO_(5)and monoclinic BaTi_(2)O_(5)secondary phases were *** Raman results show the characteristic peaks of ferroelectric tetragonal BaTiO_(3)around 716 cm^(-1)(LO of A1 symmetry),515 cm^(-1)(TO of A1 symmetry),and 305 cm^(-1)(B1).The maximum relative permittivity measured at 1 kHz was recorded to be 6151.8 for the sample with x=0.0015,and a decrease in the Curie temperature to 105℃with respect to the undoped sample was *** punctual microanalysis for the samples with x=0.0015,0.01,and 0.1 reveals grains composed of Ba,Ti,O,Gd,and Eu homogeneously distributed in the BaTiO_(3)*** Ba/Ti ratios for samples with x=0.0015,0.01 and 0.1 are 2.86,2.91,and 0.68,respectively,indicating substitution at the Ti site for samples with x=0.0015 and 0.01 and a substitution at the Ba site for the sample with x=0.1.

关键词： BaTiO_(3) Doping Gadolinium Europium Synthesis Rare earths

In Vitro-propagation of Agave tequilana Weber *** in a Temporary Immersion System

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phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第1期91卷 83-96页

作者： Otilio Vázquez-martínez Héctor Gordon Núñez-palenius Eugenio m.pérez-molphe Balch mauricio Valencia-posadas Luis pérez-moreno Graciela m.L.Ruiz-Aguilar m.Gómez-Lim División de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad de GuanajuatoIrapuato36500México Departamento de Química Centro de Ciencias BásicasUniversidad Autónoma de AguascalientesAguascalientes20131México Departamento de Ingeniería Genética CINVESTAV Unidad IrapuatoIrapuato36500México

In mexico,there is a need to produce large quantities of plantlets for the establishment and replanting of blue(***)agave production *** of these plots are within the origin denomination area(DOT,Spanish acronym)of the distilled product of this plant,known as *** objective of this study was to develop an in vitropropagation protocol for Agave tequilana Weber *** using segmented stems in both:solid and liquid media.A disinfection and in vitro technique were developed to obtain shoots,through plantlets collected in commercial plots,which attained 100%surface-disinfection and budding *** the multiplication stage,the effects of 6-Benzylaminopurine(BA)(0.0,4.4 and 13.2μm)and kinetin(0.0,9.4,18.8 and 37.6μm)were evaluated on lateralshoot production of segmented sagittal *** were cultivated on murashige&Skoog(mS)medium,with the addition of 3.0%sucrose and 8 g L−1 *** was observed that BA and kinetin increased the number of shoots per explant,obtaining up to 18 and 26,***,it was found that just the sagittal segmentation of explants increased axillary *** the other hand,segmented-stem bases were grown in mS liquid medium with 3.0%sucrose,inside a RITAsystem.programmed by a 5 min immersion step with a frequency of every 4 *** effect of Indole−3-Acetic acid(IAA)(0.57,2.9,5.7μm)was evaluated,while maintaining a concentration of BA(13.2μm).It was observed that the greatest concentration of IAA led to the formation of more than 20 buds per *** results offer a new methodology to increase the efficiency of *** Weber ***-in vitro multiplication by sagittal segmentation of stems and the addition of BA and/or IAA.

关键词： plant tissue culture stem-disk culture tequila in vitro culture

From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

microcogeneration with Stirling Engine and Solar power:Energetic Balance in mediterranean Climate

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Journal of Energy and power Engineering 2019年第5期13卷 197-204页

作者： Juan A.Aunon mariano Sidrach De Cardona Josém.pérez Javier Aranceta Department of mechanical Thermal and Fluids EngineeringCampus of Teatinos Universidad de MálagaMálaga 29071Spain Department of Applied phisycs II.E.I.I. Campus of TeatinosUniversidad de MálagaMálaga 29071Spain CS Centro Stirling S.Coop Avda.álava3Aretxabaleta(Gipuzcoa)20550Spain

This paper analyzes the viability of a new microcogeneration system with a Stirling engine micro-CHp(combined heat and power)and renewable solar energy:thermal and photovoltaic system,using accumulation system for hot water and ion lithium batteries for electricity.A weather station gives real meteorological parameters for mediterranean climate(málaga,Spain).A control unit permits to have a full automated system,which works according to a *** controller also allows theorizing a demand profile curve of daily consumption,typical for this or other *** studies analyse different kinds of combined systems by simulating or making the real installation to obtain results for either microcogeneration or solar power,but not together,*** heating applications to obtain a constant consumption of hot *** new system shows a new combination of resources(natural gas in Stirling and solar energy systems),and the implementation allows doing experiments with different profiles of consumption to have real,non-theoretical,*** control system is self-governing:it connects the different supplies of energy(solar thermal,photovoltaic,Stirling or batteries)depending on the demand,this demand can be changed by simulating any profile:domestic(heat and power),business,low thermal demand,low electricity demand,etc.

关键词： microcogeneration Stirling engine solar energy photovoltaic system

Cancer chemotherapy and beyond:Current status,drug candidates,associated risks and progress in targeted therapeutics

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1367-1401页

作者： Uttpal Anand Abhijit Dey Arvind K.Singh Chandel Rupa Sanyal Amarnath mishra Devendra Kumar pandey Valentina De Falco Arun Upadhyay Ramesh Kandimalla Anupama Chaudhary Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal Saikat Dewanjee Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu José m.pérez de la Lastra Department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 84105Israel Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest Bengal 700073India Center for Disease Biology and Integrative medicine Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Botany Bhairab Ganguly College(affiliated to West Bengal State University)KolkataWest Bengal 700056India Faculty of Science and Technology Amity Institute of Forensic SciencesAmity University Uttar PradeshNoida 201313India Department of Biotechnology School of Bioengineering and BiosciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjab 144411India Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology(IEOS) National Research Council(CNR)Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology(DMMBM)University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy Department of Biochemistry School of Life SciencesCentral University of RajasthanBandar SindariKishangarh AjmerRajasthan 305817India CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology HyderabadTelangana 500007India Department of Biochemistry Kakatiya Medical CollegeWarangalTelangana 506007India Orinin-BioSystems LE-52Lotus Road 4CHD CityKarnalHaryana 132001India Department of Computational Biology Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi(IIIT-D)Okhla Industrial EstatePhase IIINew Delhi 110020India Advanced pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyJadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India Department of physics National Institute of Technology-WarangalWarangalTelangana 506004India Biotechnology of macromolecules Research Group Instituto de Productos Naturales y AgrobiologíaIPNA-CSICSan Cristóbal de La Laguna 38206TenerifeSpain

Cancer is an abnormal state of cells where they undergo uncontrolled proliferation and produce aggressive malignancies that causes millions of deaths every *** the new understanding of the molecular mechanism(s)of disease progression,our knowledge about the disease is snowballing,leading to the evolution of many new therapeutic regimes and their successive *** the past few decades,various combinations of therapies have been pro-posed and are presently employed in the treatment of diverse *** drug therapy,immunotherapy,and personalized medicines are now largely being employed,which were not common a few years *** field of cancer discoveries and therapeutics are evolving fast as cancer type-specific biomarkers are progressively being identified and several types of cancers are nowadays undergoing systematic therapies,extending patients’disease-free survival *** growing evidence shows that a systematic and targeted approach could be the future of cancer medicine,chemotherapy remains a largely opted therapeutic option despite its known side effects on the patient’s physical and psychological ***-apeutic agents/pharmaceuticals served a great purpose over the past few decades and have remained the frontline choice for advanced-stage malignancies where surgery and/or radiation therapy cannot be prescribed due to specific *** present report succinctly reviews the existing and contemporary advancements in chemotherapy and assesses the status of the enrolled drugs/pharmaceuticals;it also comprehensively discusses the emerging role of specific/targeted therapeutic strategies that are presently being employed to achieve better clinical success/survival rate in cancer patients.

关键词： Antimicrobial peptides Cancer therapies Clinical trials Combination therapy Immunotherapy patient survival personalized medicine Targeted drug delivery