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Inter-row tillage for improved soil and water conservation and crop yields on crusted Alfisols

Agricultural Sciences 2013年第8期4卷 36-45页

作者： Prabhakar Pathak Suhas P. Wani Raghavendra Sudi nagaraju budama Resilient Dryland Systems International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad India

In the semi-arid tropics (SAT),33% areas are occupied by Alfisols and related soils. In SAT these soils have low structural stability and thereby tend to form seal and crusts at the surface. Due to this a large proportion of the rain that falls on Alfisols during the early part of the rainy season,is normally lost as runoff thus causing high soil loss as well as moisture stress to crops. Two tillage studies were conducted first at plot scale (320 m2) during 1991-95 and second at small watershed scale (1.45 ha) during 2007-10,at ICRISAT research station,Hyderabad,India. These studies were conducted to find out whether the problem of excessive runoff and soil loss during the early part of the rainy season can be controlled by various inter-row tillage systems in addition to normal intercultivation by breaking the crust or seal and thereby improving infiltration and soil moisture and reducing runoff and soil loss. The observations on rainfall,runoff,soil moisture,soil loss,soil surface roughness and crop yields were collected from both the studies. Results from these studies have shown that inter-row tillage in addition to normal intercultivation is found effective in controlling early season runoff and soil loss and increasing crop yields. The additional tillage systems are found most effective during low and medium rainfall years and not so much during high rainfall years. The additional tillage with shoe cultivators,which creates rough soil surface (11 mm depression storage),is found most effective in increasing crop yields and reducing runoff and soil loss. The additional tillage with blade harrow which generates smooth soil surface is relatively less effective. In most rainfall conditions,the normal intercultivation with one additional tillage is found adequate for controlling early season runoff and improving soil moisture and crop yields.

关键词： Runoff Soil Loss Crusting Sealing Semi-Arid Tropics Alfisols Soil Surface Roughness

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Trusted Certified Auditor Using Cryptography for Secure Data Outsourcing and Privacy Preservation in Fog-Enabled VANETs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3089-3110页

作者： nagaraju Pacharla K.Srinivasa Reddy School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT-AP UniversityAmaravatiAndhra Pradesh522237India

With the recent technological developments,massive vehicular ad hoc networks(VANETs)have been established,enabling numerous vehicles and their respective Road Side Unit(RSU)components to communicate with *** best way to enhance traffic flow for vehicles and traffic management departments is to share thedata they *** needs to be more protection for the VANET *** effective and safe methodof outsourcing is suggested,which reduces computation costs by achieving data security using a homomorphicmapping based on the conjugate operation of *** research proposes a VANET-based data outsourcingsystem to fix the *** keep data outsourcing secure,the suggested model takes cryptography models *** will keep the generated keys for the purpose of vehicle *** controlling and overseeingthe outsourced data while preserving privacy,the suggested approach considers the Trusted Certified Auditor(TCA).Using the secret key,TCA can identify the genuine identity of VANETs when harmful messages *** proposed model develops a TCA-based unique static vehicle labeling system using cryptography(TCA-USVLC)for secure data outsourcing and privacy preservation in *** proposed model calculatesthe trust of vehicles in 16 ms for an average of 180 vehicles and achieves 98.6%accuracy for data encryption toprovide *** proposedmodel achieved 98.5%accuracy in data outsourcing and 98.6%accuracy in privacypreservation in fog-enabled *** curve cryptography models can be applied in the future for betterencryption and decryption rates with lightweight cryptography operations.

关键词： Vehicular ad-hoc networks data outsourcing privacy preservation cryptography keys trusted certified auditors data security

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粉末冶金Al-5.6Zn-2Mg合金在热压缩过程中加工硬化特性及本构模型的比较

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第2期31卷 346-368页

作者： KATIKA Harikrishna DAMODA R.K. DAVIDSON M.J. SEETHARAM R. KASAGANI Veera Venkata nagaraju Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004India Department of Mechanical Engineering The Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and ManufacturingKurnool 518007India

在300~5000℃、应变速率为0.1~0.0001 s−1的条件下,在万能试验机上对Al-5.6Zn-2Mg铝合金进行热压缩试验,以确定动态再结晶开始时的加工硬化速率曲线σ_(c)(ε_(c))l以及关键特征σ_(c)(ε_(c))l、σ_(p)(ε_(p))和σ_(ss)与Z系数之间的... 详细信息

在300~5000℃、应变速率为0.1~0.0001 s−1的条件下,在万能试验机上对Al-5.6Zn-2Mg铝合金进行热压缩试验,以确定动态再结晶开始时的加工硬化速率曲线σ_(c)(ε_(c))l以及关键特征σ_(c)(ε_(c))l、σ_(p)(ε_(p))和σ_(ss)与Z系数之间的相关性。使用了四个本构模型,Arrhenius模型、改进的Johnson-Cook模型(MJC)、改进的Zerilli-Armstrong模型(MZA)和开发的人工神经网络(ANN)。结果表明,ANN型模型和Arrhenius模型的相对误差的绝对平均值最低,分别为0.486%和3.36%,MZA型模型和MJC型模型的相对误差的绝对平均值较高,分别为8.84%和3.93%。由于Arrhenius模型能够处理各种因素之间的非线性关系,因此它被认为是最合适的预测模型,但在材料性质未知或实验数据有限的情况下,MJC模型可能是一种更简单的替代方法。MZA模型不适合估计热压缩时的流变应力。此外,训练最好的神经网络模型的预测性能最好,相对误差的绝对平均值为0.486%,R值为0.99。

关键词：加工硬化速率曲线本构建模热压缩 EBSD分析流变曲线

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Excellent photoluminescence and electrochemical properties of Sm^(3+) doped Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7) nanophosphor:Display and electrochemical sensor applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1046-1055,I0002页

作者： R.B.Basavaraj K.Sureshkumar D.P.Aarti M.B.Madhusudana Reddy G.nagaraju T.Ramakrishnappa G.R.Navyashree K.R.Venkatesha Babu K.S.Hemalatha Department of Physics BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry School of Applied SciencesREVA UniversityBangalore560064India Energy Materials ResearchLaboratory Department of ChemistrySiddaganga Institute of TechnologyTumakuru57203KarnatakaIndia School of Physical Sciences REVA UniversityBangalore560057Indi Department of Physics Govt.Science CollegeBengaluru560001India Department of Physics Maharani Science College for WomenMaharani Cluster UniversityBengaluru560001India

A series of orange-red light emitting Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7):Sm^(3+)nanopowders were fabricated via low-cost ecofriendly green combustion technique using Aloe vera gel as *** phase purity of the samples were confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD)*** single-phase tetragonal structure is observed from the PXRD results with no additional impurity *** band gap energy of the fabricated powders was estimated by diffuse reflectance spectra(DRS)and is found to be in the range of 4.01-5.98 eV.A high resolution scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to study the morphological behaviour of the ***-like structures are observed from the SEM *** particle size was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and is found to be~50 *** interplanar distance is found to be 0.53 *** properties were systematically studied in *** phosphors are successfully excited at 403 nm NUV light,producing reddish-orange characteristic *** emission peaks are centered at 558(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2)),607(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))and 645 nm(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(9/2)),*** the observed peaks the red emanation(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))is stronger than the orange emission(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2))in the current *** photoluminescent concentration quenching is noticed above 5 mol%Sm^(3+)ion doping *** dipole-dipole interaction resulting in cross relaxation is found to be the principal cause of concentration quenching *** color features such as Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage(CIE)and correlated color temperature(CCT)were studied in *** optimized chromaticity coordinates were estimated to be(0.6363,0.3632),which fall in the reddish-orange *** average CCT value obtained is 3362 *** average color purity is found to be~82%.Sm^(3+)incorporated Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7) samples are possible contender for single white light generation commercial candidates owing to

关键词： Green combustion Photoluminescence Orange-red emission Color purity Sensors Rare earths

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Enhanced lithium storage of mesoporous vanadium dioxide(B) nanorods by reduced graphene oxide support

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第1期27卷 183-189页

作者： Thummala Jayalakshmi Kottam nagaraju Ganganagappa nagaraju Dept.of Chemistry Siddaganga Institute of Technology(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelgaum) Dept.of Chemistry M.S.Ramaiah Institute of Technology(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelgaum)

A facile synthesis of vanadium oxide with reduced graphene oxide（rGO） is developed and used as cathode material for lithium ion batteries. VO_2（B） nanorods and VO_2（B）-rGO composite were prepared by a hydrothermal method using NaVO_3 precursor and sodium oxalate as a reducing agent. The monoclinic phase and nanorod like morphology of synthesized materials were confirmed by XRD, SEM, and TEM respectively. The electrochemical properties of samples were investigated at 1.5–4.0 V, and 0.1 C rate,and the VO_2（B） nanorods exhibit reversible capacity of about 159 mAh g^（-1）, whereas VO_2（B）-rGO exhibits 274 mAh g^（-1）. The reasonable discharge capacities were obtained at high rates. The enhanced performance in electrical energy storage system reveals the effectiveness of rGO in the composite, as it enhances the conductive electron pathway to overcome the intrinsic limits of single phase VO_2（B）.

关键词： VO2(B) and VO2(B)-rGO compositeNanorodsMesoporousLithium-ion battery

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Surfactant Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of CdSe Nanostructural Materials

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第6期28卷 495-499页

作者： Ganganagappa nagaraju Gujjarahalli Thimmanna Chandrappa Department of Chemistry Central College CampusBangalore UniversityBangalore-560001India Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis Institute of ChemistryUFRGSPorto AlegreBrazil

CdSe/CTAB composite nanostructural materials were successfully synthesized at 160-200℃ for 2 days through a facile surfactant （cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide-CTAB） assisted hydrothermal method us- ing cadmium acetate and sodium selenate as precursor. The obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermo gravimetric analysis. Optical properties were studied by photoluminescence and UV-visible spectroscopy and morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy.

关键词： Hydrothermal Surfactant Nanostructure CdSe/CTAB composite

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Dynamic Behavior-Based Churn Forecasts in the Insurance Sector

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 977-997页

作者： nagaraju Jajam Nagendra Panini Challa School of Computer Science and Engineering(SCOPE) VIT-AP UniversityAmaravati522237India

In the insurance sector, a massive volume of data is being generatedon a daily basis due to a vast client base. Decision makers and businessanalysts emphasized that attaining new customers is costlier than retainingexisting ones. The success of retention initiatives is determined not only bythe accuracy of forecasting churners but also by the timing of the *** works on churn forecast presented models for anticipating churnquarterly or monthly with an emphasis on customers’ static behavior. Thispaper’s objective is to calculate daily churn based on dynamic variations inclient behavior. Training excellent models to further identify potential churningcustomers helps insurance companies make decisions to retain customerswhile also identifying areas for improvement. Thus, it is possible to identifyand analyse clients who are likely to churn, allowing for a reduction in thecost of support and maintenance. Binary Golden Eagle Optimizer (BGEO)is used to select optimal features from the datasets in a preprocessing *** a result, this research characterized the customer’s daily behavior usingvarious models such as RFM (Recency, Frequency, Monetary), MultivariateTime Series (MTS), Statistics-based Model (SM), Survival analysis (SA),Deep learning (DL) based methodologies such as Recurrent Neural Network(RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU),and Customized Extreme Learning Machine (CELM) are framed the problemof daily forecasting using this description. It can be concluded that all modelsproduced better overall outcomes with only slight variations in performancemeasures. The proposed CELM outperforms all other models in terms ofaccuracy (96.4).

关键词： Customer churn customized extreme learning machine deep learning survival analysis RFM MTS SM BGEO

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AMS studies on a 450 km long 2216 Ma dyke from Dharwar craton, India:Implications to magma flow

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1931-1939页

作者： E. nagaraju V. Parashuramulu Paleomagnetism Division CSIR-National Geophysical Research InstituteUppal RoadHyderabad-500007India TSMS Jr. College BaswapurPulkalSangareddy DistrictTelanganaIndia

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) studies were carried out on a precisely dated (2216.0 ± 0.9 Ma),450 km long NeS striking dyke in the Dharwar Craton,to determine the magma flow direction along the dyke *** order to use the imbrication of the magnetic foliation,forty eight samples were collected from 13 locations along the length of the *** studies show that AMS fabric is dominated by medium grained interstitial Ti-poor multidomain *** corrected anisotropy degree (Pj) of the samples was found to be low to moderate,between 1.007 and 1.072,which indicates primary magnetic *** magnetic ellipsoid is either triaxial,prolate or oblate and clearly defines normal,intermediate and inverse magnetic fabrics related to magma flow during the dyke *** maximum susceptibility axes (Kmax) of the AMS tensor of the dyke is predominantly inclined at low angles (<30°),with no systematic variation in depth along the NeS profile,indicating sub-horizontal flow even at mid crustal levels which could probably be governed by location of the focal region of the magma source (mantle plume?),flow dynamics together with the compressive stresses exerted by the overlying crust.

关键词： Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility Dharwar craton Dyke swarms

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Catalytic activity of manganese oxide supported on alumina in the synthesis of quinoxalines

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013年第4期7卷 415-421页

作者： Rekha M. Kathyayini H nagaraju N Catalysis Research Laboratory St Joseph's College Post Graduate and Research Centre Bangalore 560027 India Centre for Emerging Technologies Global Campus Jain University Bangalore 562112 India

Two catalysts, alumina and manganese oxide supported on alumina, have been prepared by calcination and precipitation-impregnation methods, respectively. The catalysts are characterised by the following techniques： Brunner-Emmett-Teller-N2 adsorption-desorption for sur- face area, temperature programmed desorption of NH3 and n-butyl amine back titration methods for surface acidity, powder X-ray diffraction for textural properties, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the anionic radicals. The catalytic activity has been determined under heterogeneous conditions in the condensation reaction between o-phenylenediamine and benzil. The product purity is checked by thin-layer chromatography and melting point. The products are also analysed by LC-MS and 1H-NMR techniques. The yields of the products have been found to be good and catalysts exhibited excellent recyclability. The effect of changing the reaction para- meters such as temperature, reaction time, amount of the catalyst, nature of solvent and molar ratio of reactants on the yield of the product has been studied. The surface acidity of the catalysts plays an important role in activating the reaction.

关键词： alumina manganese oxide deposited onalumina quinoxaline synthesis

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An Effective Density Based Approach to Detect Complex Data Clusters Using Notion of Neighborhood Difference

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2017年第1期14卷 57-67页

作者： S. nagaraju Manish Kashyap Mahua Bhattachraya Visual Information Processing Lab Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Gwalior India

The density based notion for clustering approach is used widely due to its easy implementation and ability to detect arbitrary shaped clusters in the presence of noisy data points without requiring prior knowledge of the number of clusters to be identified. Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise （DBSCAN） is the first algorithm proposed in the literature that uses density based notion for cluster detection. Since most of the real data set, today contains feature space of adjacent nested clusters, clearly DBSCAN is not suitable to detect variable adjacent density clusters due to the use of global density parameter neighborhood radius Y,.ad and minimum number of points in neighborhood Np~,. So the efficiency of DBSCAN depends on these initial parameter settings, for DBSCAN to work properly, the neighborhood radius must be less than the distance between two clusters otherwise algorithm merges two clusters and detects them as a single cluster. Through this paper： 1） We have proposed improved version of DBSCAN algorithm to detect clusters of varying density adjacent clusters by using the concept of neighborhood difference and using the notion of density based approach without introducing much additional computational complexity to original DBSCAN algorithm. 2） We validated our experimental results using one of our authors recently proposed space density indexing （SDI） internal cluster measure to demonstrate the quality of proposed clustering method. Also our experimental results suggested that proposed method is effective in detecting variable density adjacent nested clusters.

关键词： Density based clustering neighborhood difference density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN),space density indexing (SDI) core object.

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