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Status of Water Quality in Mt. Elgon, Cherangany Forested Ecosystems and entire River Nzoia Catchment in Kenya

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2019年第2期8卷 37-54页

作者： Stanley nadir Victor Jaoko Phesto Osano Paul Ongugo Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI) Nairobi 20412-00200 Kenya

Water availability for both domestic and industrial use is a major growing problem in the developing countries including Kenya. The situation is further worsened by increasing human population and climate change, probably the most complex environmental problem facing the world today. Mt. Elgon and Cherangany hills forest ecosystems in the River Nzoia Catchment are threatened by the increase in local population. This is causing environmental degradation and disruption in the catchment areas resulting in drying up of streams and rivers and both water and soil pollution. The objective of this study was to conduct a baseline survey to provide information on the status of water quality in the River Nzoia Catchment and an overview of pollution levels, sources and possible mitigation measures. The study was carried out in August 2017 during the short rains. Water and sediments from 26 spatially distributed sites on rivers in the catchment were sampled and analyzed. The water quality (physical and chemical) was assessed through analysis of water and sediments. Both water and sediments were analyzed following the standard analytical methods. All the rivers in the watersheds forming the River Nzoia catchment contained high levels of iron in water which exceeded permitted levels for drinking without treatment and for domestic uses in the environmental. In addition, the turbidity levels of water were beyond accepted limits set for drinking water and environmental water standards. There was little pollution of water from heavy metals. River Nzoia near Webuye town and Sigomre bridge were the most polluted waters with levels of nitrates, iron, copper, chromium, with BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) exceeding the accepted limits in the environment. For sediments, the contents of copper, magnesium and iron were high in the upper catchment of River Nzoia (foot slopes of Mt. Elgon). The levels of nitrates and phosphates in the sediments were high in the

关键词： Catchment ecosystem environment quality sediments soil water watershed.

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黄河流域豫北粳稻区杂草稻特性及其发生机制分析

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分子植物育种 2017年第8期15卷 3351-3357页

作者：熊海波白怀瑾董陈文华李娟文建成许红云朱骞张小玲张慧鑫汪琨璧刘思琪付亚雄郭效琼 Sadia nadir 李东宣陈丽娟云南农业大学稻作研究所昆明650201 河南省濮阳市农科院濮阳457000 云南省高校滇型杂交粳稻分子育种重点实验室昆明650201

杂草稻泛指生长在稻田及其周边被视为杂草的稻株,在国内外不同生态稻区均有不同程度的发生,但有关中国河南省豫北地区杂草稻特性及其发生状况鲜有报道。本研究以河南省黄河流域豫北粳稻区采集到的56份杂草稻为试验材料,考察其生物学特... 详细信息

杂草稻泛指生长在稻田及其周边被视为杂草的稻株,在国内外不同生态稻区均有不同程度的发生,但有关中国河南省豫北地区杂草稻特性及其发生状况鲜有报道。本研究以河南省黄河流域豫北粳稻区采集到的56份杂草稻为试验材料,考察其生物学特征特性;利用RID14引物鉴定红色果皮Rc位点基因型并与表型比对;同时通过34对In Del分子标记检测籼粳分化,分析了该区域杂草稻的特性、遗传分化及其可能发生的机制。研究结果表明:(1)黄河流域豫北粳稻区杂草稻大部分为淡黄色和黄褐色斑点的颖壳、多数无芒和红色果皮、易落粒、千粒重低,株高、分蘖、穗粒数与栽培品种有明显差异;(2)杂草稻果皮颜色的表型多样,89.29%为红色或者褐色(由浅至深)、10.71%为白色,其基因型与表型鉴定结果高度一致,红色果皮杂草稻在Rc位点均无14 bp缺失;(3)InDel标记和籼粳分化分析表明:56份杂草稻中有44份是典型籼型杂草稻、5份为籼型杂草稻、3份为偏籼型杂草稻、4份为中间型杂草稻,它们之间的遗传差异小;通过聚类分析,56份杂草稻中的92.86%的属于籼型杂草稻,7.14%属于中间型杂草稻,与当地粳型栽培稻有着较远的亲缘关系。根据研究结果推断,黄河流域豫北粳稻区杂草稻的发生,可能主要经由曾经种植过的籼粳栽培品种杂交而产生,或者是种植的杂交品种收获后落粒的后代去驯化而产生。本研究为黄河流域豫北地区杂草稻的防控提供了理论依据。

关键词：杂草稻起源籼粳分化 InDel标记红色果皮

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Effectiveness of a Wastewater Treatment Plant located at EPZ in reducing Pollutants Discharged into River Athi, Kenya

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2020年第6期9卷 261-276页

作者： Godfrey Wafula Mwakio Tole Najma Dharani Stanley nadir National Environment and Management Authority(NEMA) Nairobi 67839-00200Kenya Pwani University Kilifi 195-80108Kenya Kenyatta University Nairobi 43844-00100Kenya Kenya Forestry Research Institute(KEFRI) Nairobi 20412-00200Kenya

Information about effectiveness of a wastewater treatment plant is vital in ensuring the quality of water discharged into water bodies and the environment in general meet set *** this study,the performance of a wastewater treatment plant located at the Export Processing Zone(EPZ)along River Athi in Machakos County,Kenya was assessed because the final effluent from the treatment plant is released into the river where water is used *** of the plant was assessed through the reduction percentage of pollutants between influent and effluent during the dry and wet *** of water were collected from the following points ***,outflow pool,outlet and along the *** samples were analyzed for heavy metals,Total Dissolved Solids(TDS),Total Suspended Solids(TSS),Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD),Biological Oxygen Demand(BOD),organic nitrogen,phosphate,color,temperature,pH,and total *** resulting data was compared with the established *** methodologies of laboratory analysis were employed as per Kenyan regulations of 2006 on waste water treatment and *** the results,the waste water treatment plant was not effective in reducing nitrates,phosphates,TDS,TSS,color,and heavy metals ***,lead,selenium,copper and *** inefficiency was more pronounced in rain ***(-2.04%),phosphates(-66%),mercury(-48%),lead(-48%),selenium(-2.29%)and copper(-9.75%)were high in the effluent after treatment process during the rains than in the ***,the treatment plant was effective in reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)and Biological Oxygen Demand(BOD).Some parameters like pH,conductivity,temperature,color and TSS were within allowable values described by Kenyan and International standards for effluent discharge into public *** study recommends expansion or re-designing of the treatment plant and better monitoring of the sources or types of wastewaters received at the plant for efficie

关键词： Efficiency wastewater treatment plant pollution River Athi export processing zone

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籼粳交后代杂草稻棕色和红色果皮多样性形成的分子基础

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分子植物育种 2019年第2期17卷 347-354页

作者：熊海波董陈文华李娟文建成许红云朱骞李伟汪琨璧刘思琪付亚雄郭效琼 Sadia nadir 周丽李梦婷李东宣陈丽娟云南农业大学稻作研究所昆明650201 云南省高校滇型杂交粳稻分子育种重点实验室昆明650201

杂草稻最引人注目的特征之一是籽粒具有红色的果皮,并且颜色由浅至深具有多样性。然而,迄今对杂草稻果皮颜色变异成因的研究却鲜有报道。本研究以籼粳交后代衍生的42份棕色和红色果皮杂草稻株系(F9)及其白色果皮亲本为研究材料,鉴定其... 详细信息

杂草稻最引人注目的特征之一是籽粒具有红色的果皮,并且颜色由浅至深具有多样性。然而,迄今对杂草稻果皮颜色变异成因的研究却鲜有报道。本研究以籼粳交后代衍生的42份棕色和红色果皮杂草稻株系(F9)及其白色果皮亲本为研究材料,鉴定其基因型并与表型比对;同时对Rc-bHLH基因和DFR基因序列进行测序比较分析。研究结果表明:42份杂草稻株系果皮颜色呈不同程度的棕色和红色具有多样性,其基因型与表型鉴定结果完全吻合;Rc-bHLH基因比较分析发现,杂草稻株系与亲本在452 bp处发生G/A替换;669～682 bp处亲本缺失14 bp,而杂草稻株系无缺失;DFR基因序列比较分析发现,红色与棕色果皮杂草稻株系之间存在22个突变位点,其中在DFR基因的外显子上有8个突变位点;亲本与棕色果皮杂草稻株系的DFR基因相同;杂草稻株系的DFR基因遗传多态性分析,发现Tajima'D值呈极显著性,说明杂草稻株系中的DFR基因是中性进化基因,受自然选择作用。根据Rc-b HLH基因序列的聚类分析,类群1主要是由籼型和粳型栽培稻组成,类群2主要是由棕/红色果皮的杂草稻株系和野生稻组成,表明杂草稻株系与野生稻遗传关系较近。该研究揭示了籼粳交可能导致后代Rc和Rd基因发生重组或突变从而产生不同颜色果皮,为阐明杂草稻棕色和红色果皮变异的分子基础提供了新的范例。

关键词：籼粳交杂草稻红色果皮 Rc/Rd基因

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Low Energy Dielectronic Recombination of Boron-like Ar^(13+) at the CSRm

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IMP & HIRFL Annual Report 2018年第1期 66-67页

作者： Huang Zhongkui Wen Weiqiang Wang Shuxing Li Shuang Wang Hanbing nadir Khan Dou Lijun Zhu Xiaolong Mao Lijun Li Jie Ma Xiaoming Yin Dayu Mao Ruishi Yuan Youjin Yang Jiancheng Chen Chongyang Zhu Linfan Ma Xinwen Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Department of Modern PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China230026HefeiChina Shanghai EBIT Laboratory Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan Universityand the Key Laboratory of Applied Ion Beam PhysicsChinese Ministry of EducationShanghai 200433China

Based on the successful dielectronic recombination(DR)experiments with intermediate charge state ions of Belike Ar^(14+[1]) and Ca^(16+[2]) at the CSRm,we are preparing the precision spectroscopy of DR experiments with highly charged ions and even radioactive ions at the CSRe.A test electron-ion recombination experiment of Boron-like Ar13+ions was performed with a section of the new electron beam energy detuning system,which will be installed at the ***.1 presents the measured and also the calculated DR spectra for B-like Ar^(13+) from 0 to 3 *** experimental result indicates that the new detuning system is more stable and has a higher energy resolution than the previous detuning system used at the *** paves the way for the upcoming DR experiments with highly charged heavy ions at the *** addition,the flexible atomic code(FAC)was employed to calculate the DR resonance strengths of Boron-like Ar^(13+) to compare with the experimental result.

关键词： system preparing addition

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Challenges of the Global COVID-19 Pandemic and Invasive Fungal Pathogens in SARS-COV-2 Associations: A Dangerous Relationship

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 1-23页

作者： Alessandra Gomes Mariscal Beatriz Fernanda Siqueira Matias Cíntia Batista de Almeida nadir Cléia Alves de Santana Simone Matos de Campos Roseli de Souza Klaucia Rodrigues Vasconcelos Margareth Léa da Silva Maia Cristiane Coimbra de Paula Diniz Pereira Leite Júnior Faculdade EducareMT Cuiab&aacute Brazil Centro Universitá rio de Vá rzea Grande (UNIVAG) V&aacute rzea Grande Brazil Laborató rio Central de Saú de Pú blica do Estado de Mato Grosso (LACEN) Cuiab&aacute Brazil Instituto Ciê ncias Biomé dicas (ICB) Universidade de Sã o Paulo (USP) S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Laboratory Carlos Chagas Sabin Group Cuiab&aacute Brazil Instituto Adolfo Lutz Center of Parasitology and Micology Micology Nucleus S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Research Laboratory Medical School Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) Cuiab&aacute Brazil

Background: COVID-19 is a rapidly transmissible pneumonia-like illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 that out broke in China in 2019 and is currently circulating worldwide. In the current context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, complications are observed in clinical settings for the treatment of severe COVID-19 disease in nosocomial settings, due to cases of fungal co-infections. Objective: To carry out a review on fungal infections associated with respiratory infections caused by COVID-19 (Sars-Cov-2) and their aggravation. Methodology: The purpose of this study is to inform the reader about the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the main fungal species that are affecting patients undergoing treatment for severe COVID-19, provoking discussion of the importance of the proposed topic, in relation to co-infections by different fungal microorganisms. Result: 80 scientific studies were selected, resulting from patients with COVID-19 and most commonly observed in patients with a history of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney disease, severe liver disease, oncological diseases, obesity and with severe COVID-19. These data do not represent the total number of records of the disease in the world, but cases reported by researchers in their series, showing the overlapping of fungal co-infection through the compromised immune status due to the use of therapeutic drugs, dysregulation of the microbiota, age of patients and the severity itself of the severe inflammation caused by COVID-19. Conclusion: The immunosuppression caused by the infection of COVID-19 concomitant with its therapy through corticosteroid therapy and comorbidities of the patients made fungal infections more susceptible, and these interfere in the evolution of the case and in the treatment of COVID-19, being relevant to distinguish secondary infections to therapy and the best possible reconstitution of the clinical picture.

关键词： Fungal Coinfections COVID-19 Coronavirus Systematic Review

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国家通用语言使用现状调查研究——以阿勒泰地区少数民族使用国家通用语言为例

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现代盐化工 2019年第1期46卷 140-144页

作者：那地尔.艾买尔唐蜜新疆师范大学新疆乌鲁木齐830017

党和国家一直以来高度重视国家通用语言文字的普及,国家通用语言文字的普及,促进各民族交往、交流、融合,提高各民族凝聚力,实现社会稳定和长治久安。本文以阿勒泰地区少数民族区域为调查地点,以维吾尔族群体作为调查对象,对其国家通用... 详细信息

党和国家一直以来高度重视国家通用语言文字的普及,国家通用语言文字的普及,促进各民族交往、交流、融合,提高各民族凝聚力,实现社会稳定和长治久安。本文以阿勒泰地区少数民族区域为调查地点,以维吾尔族群体作为调查对象,对其国家通用语言使用情况进行了调查,并对调查结果进行分析的基础上,提出强化宣传氛围,增强学习国家通用语言意识;充分发挥现代科技的引领作用,丰富优化学习途径;在学期间加强国家通用语言教育,培养语言文化素养;建立学习国家通用语言培训机制等建议。

关键词：国家通用语言阿勒泰地区抽样调查

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A Longitudinal Survey for Genome-based Identification of SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage Water in Selected Lockdown Areas of Lahore City, Pakistan: A Potential Approach for Future Smart Lockdown Strategy

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期34卷 729-733页

作者： Tahir Yaqub Muhammad Nawaz Muhammad Z.Shabbir Muhammad A.Ali Imran Altaf Sohail Raza Muhammad A.B.Shabbir Muhammad A.Ashraf Syed Z.Aziz Sohai l Q.Cheema Muhammad B.Shah Saira Rafique Sohail Hassan Nageen Sardar Adnan Mehmood Muhammad W.Aziz Sehar Fazal nadir Hussain Muhammad T.Khan Muhammad M.Atique Ali Asif Muhammad Anwar Nabeel A.Awan Muhammad U.Younis Muhammad A.Bhattee Zarfishan Tahir Nadia Mukhtar Huda Sarwar Maaz S.Rana Omair Farooq Institute of Microbiology University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahorePakistan Water and Sanitation Agency LahorePunjabPakistan Specialized Healthcare&Medical Education Department PunjabPakistan Primary and Secondary Healthcare Department PunjabPakistan Institute of Public Health LahorePakistan Farooq Hospital LahorePakistan

In 2019,the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 virus caused pneumonia-like *** disease rapidly spread globally,leading to a worldwide outbreak referred to as the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： globally Strategy Smart

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Towards a comprehensive understanding of free-living nitrogen fixation

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Circular Agricultural Systems 2021年第1期1卷 89-99页

作者： Sehroon Khan Sadia nadir Shahid Iqbal Jianchu Xu Heng Gui Afsar Khan Lei Ye Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Science and TechnologyBannu 28100Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Honghe Centre for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesHonghe 654400YunnanChina Department of Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Science and TechnologyBannu 28100Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan CIFOR-ICRAF China Country Program World Agroforestry CentreKunming 650201China Department of Chemistry COMSATS University Islamabad(Abbottabad Campus)-22060Pakistan

Free-living nitrogen fixation(FNF)is a ubiquitous phenomenon that plays a modest role in the(N)economy of an ***,sampling difficulties,methodological constraints and environmental controls have presented challenges for predicting the actual rate of ***,a deeper understanding of the accuracy to design models that consider dynamics,heterogeneity,influences,and other limitations is *** review presents an overview of the biology and diversity of microorganisms related to FNF as well as various ecological controls that influence these *** also discussed contributions of FNF to the N input of various ***,previous research has shown that considerable spatiotemporal variability exists in microbial types at both biome and microbiome scales,resulting in significant variation in *** this,rate of FNF is controlled by certain factors,such oxygen and metal ion availability,source of energy and soil nutrients,temperature,and *** evidence increasingly indicates a significant contribution of FNF to N inputs in natural,agricultural,and aquatic *** is inferred from this review that for the expanded exploitation of biological nitrogen fixation(BNF),we must pay additional attention to FNF because it occupies a central role within the ***,we propose a framework for the quantification of FNF alongside a suite of recommendations that would deepen our understanding of FNF.

关键词： ecosystems expanded fixation

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Use of endoscopic ultrasound for diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma in auto-immune hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2010年第12期2卷 404-407页

作者： Nathaniel S Rial Jeff T Henderson Achyut K Bhattacharyya Abdul nadir John T Cunningham Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Arizona Cancer Center and Mel & Enid College of Public Health The University of Arizona Tucson Arizona Digestive Health Pathology Laboratory Director Surgical Pathology Professor and Head Department of Pathology College of Medicine The University of Arizona Tucson Department of Gastroenterology College of Medicine The University of Arizona Tucson

In this report, a patient was exposed to an herbal remedy for hypercholesterolemia. She became acutely jaundiced while taking the remedy and presented for medical care. Endoscopic ultrasound was utilized, and found a distal common bile duct mass. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography guided bile duct biopsies revealed that the mass was cholangio-carcinoma (CCA). This case highlights a unique association between autoimmune hepatitis and CCA. It also highlights that EUS can be safely used in patients with cirrhosis to spare invasive evaluation such as exploratory laporotomy for diagnosis and staging of cholangio-carcinoma.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Endoscopic ultrasound Auto-immune hepatits

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