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Caged Bodies and Women’s Citizenship in(Post-)Colonial Jordan:An Analysis of Civic Studies Textbooks

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2019年第3期13卷 407-427页

作者： riad Nasser Adam Nasser Social Sciences and History Department Fairleigh Dickinson UniversityNJUSA Independent Scholar

This paper focuses on female political socialisation in postcolonial Jordan,exploring the role of religion and patriarchy in shaping women’s citizenship identity and the manner in which school civic and national studies curriculum portrays women’s rights and their citizenship *** on the analysis,there are three types of social class citizens,one for the rulers,one for men,and one for ***,the findings suggest that the emphasis in these school textbooks is on loyalty to the monarchy and attachment to the ***’s rights as citizens remain overwhelmed by patriarchy,religion,and by contradictory state policies and laws,partially drawn from the universal principles of ***,this study adds another facet to the understanding of the complex forces which contribute to the formation of contemporary citizenship identity in the nation-state *** states,in particular,are interesting cases due to the impact of their colonial heritage,tradition,and their attempts to advance partial modernisation amenable with universal human rights.

关键词： Jordan citizenship civic education gender religion patriarchy

Investigation on the mechanical properties of sintered porous copper compacts

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China Particuology 2007年第6期5卷 391-394页

作者： Yasser M.Z. Ahmed Mohamed I. riad Ahmed I. Zaky Mohammed Abdel-Aziz Mohamed M.H. Shalabi Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute CMRDI El-Felzat Street El-Tabbin P.O. Box 87 Helwan Cairo Egypt

In line with recent attention on porous metals having low and medium porosities in the range of 20-50%, this paper studies the effect of porosity on the mechanical properties of sintered copper compacts. Experiments were designed to investigate the effect of porosity, applied stress and sliding velocity on the wear rate of copper compacts, leading to the finding that the effects of both porosity and applied stress of the wear test on the wear rate are approximately similar and higher than that of sliding velocity. The investigation concerning the effect of porosity on compressive strength indicated that the stress-strain curve of high-porosity compact exhibited identifiable ultimate strength points, though low-porosity compact showed distinct stages of elastic plastic behavior.

关键词： Porous copper Wear rate Compressive strength Experimental design technique

Inference and Properties of Mixture Two Extreme Lower Bound Distributions

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Engineering（科研） 2017年第6期9卷 517-523页

作者： Fathy H. riad Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Minia University Minya Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciences Aljouf University Sakakah KSA

In this paper, we discuss the mixture model of two extreme lower bound distributions. First, some properties we obtain of the model with hazard function are discussed. In addition, the estimates of the unknown parameters via the EM algorithm are obtained. The performance of the findings in the paper is showed by demonstrating some numerical illustrations through Monte Carlo simulation.

关键词： Mixture Extreme Lower Bound Distribution Reliability Estimation EM Algorithm Monte Carlo Simulation

The Default Risk Management in Financial Institutions： Case of the Credit Risk in Lebanese MFIs

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Economics World 2014年第2期2卷 112-123页

作者： riad Makdessi Selim Mekdessi Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon

In Lebanon, as in some countries, the major financial institutions in the economy experienced by the country in the aftermath of independence were banks and insurance companies. However, the operation of these financial institutions obeys to some requirements that are not often likely to allow economic agents with low purchasing power to obtain the necessary funds to finance their production activities. Microfinance therefore comes in as the beginning of seeking effective market oriented solutions to the provision of substantial and effective financial resource for poor groups of people who do not have access to financial service from formal government and private financial institution. Microfinance Institutions （MFIs） are created for a social and sometimes non-profit objective. In Lebanon, many limitations hinder the development of MFIs including the lack of regulations, economic conditions, insecurity, political conflict, financial resources, and the risk of interest rates. Microfinance in Lebanon saw the light during the 1975-1990 Civil War through programs of charitable and community organizations, and really started to develop only in the second half of the 1990s. Capping interest rates may affect the access of poor people to financial services. The problem is that the granting of very small loans involves inevitably higher administrative costs than those offered by traditional bank loans. Therefore, MFIs that seek profitability should have higher interest rates than those charged by traditional banks. By providing money to poor people, how do MFIs in Lebanon reduce the credit risk？ This theme＇s treatment requires a qualitative analysis development. Indeed, after the selection of a representative sample, semi-structured interviews were done with the MFIs managers, and several researches done on this topic were analyzed. The data obtained from the above are treated by the triangulation of different data and the interviews analysis by the method of discourse cont

关键词： default risk microfinance MFIs credit risk Lebanese MFIs

Upper body peripherally inserted central catheter in pediatric single ventricle patients

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第10期12卷 484-491页

作者： Santosh Kaipa Christopher W Mastropietro Hamza Bhai riad Lutfi Matthew L Friedman Mouhammad Yabrodi Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical CareIndiana UniversityRiley Hospital for ChildrenIndianapolisIN 46303United States

BACKGROUND There is risk of stenosis and thrombosis of the superior vena cava after upper extremity central catheter *** complication is more serious among patients with single ventricle physiology,as it might preclude them from undergoing further life-sustaining palliative *** To describe complications associated with the use of upper extremity percutaneous intravenous central catheters(PICCs)in children with single ventricle *** A single institution retrospective review of univentricular patients who underwent superior cavopulmonary anastomoses as their stage 2 palliation procedure from January 2014 until December 2018 and had upper body PICCs placed at any point prior to this *** data including ultrasonography,cardiac catheterization,echocardiogram reports and patient notes were used to determine the presence of thrombus or stenosis of the upper extremity and cervical *** regarding the presence and duration of upper extremity PICCs and upper extremity central venous catheter(CVC),and use of anticoagulation were *** Seventy-six patients underwent superior cavopulmonary anastomoses,of which 56(73%)had an upper extremity PICC at some point prior to this *** duration of PICC usage was 24 d(25%,75%:12,39).Seventeen patients(30%)with PICCs also had internal jugular or subclavian central venous catheters(CVCs)in place at some point prior to their superior cavopulmonary anastomoses,median duration 10 d(25%,75%:8,14).Thrombus was detected in association with 2 of the 56 PICCs(4%)and 3 of the 17 CVCs(18%).All five patients were placed on therapeutic dose of low molecular weight heparin at the time of thrombus detection and subsequent cardiac catheterization demonstrated resolution in three of the five *** patients developed clinically significant venous *** Use of upper extremity PICCs in patients with single ventricle physiology prior to super cavopulmonary anasto

关键词： Thrombosis Central venous catheters Catheterization peripheral Univentricular heart Children

Functional magnetic resonance imaging in an animal model of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第26期16卷 3292-3298页

作者： Robert J Lewandowski Aaron C Eifler David J Bentrem Johnathan C Chung Gayle E Woloschak Robert Ryu riad Salem Andrew C Larson Reed A Omary Department of Radiology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Department of Surgical Oncology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Department of Radiation Oncology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States

AIM: To test the hypotheses that diffusion weighed (DW)and transcatheter intraarterial perfusion (TRIP)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can each be used to assess regional differences in tumor function in an animal pancreatic cancer ***: VX2 tumors were implanted in pancreata of 6 rabbits. MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed 3 wk following implantation. With a 2-French catheter secured in the rabbit's gastroduodenal artery, each rabbit was transferred to an adjacent 1.5T MRI scanner. DWand TRIP-MRI were performed to determine if necrotic tumor core could be differentiated from viable tumor periphery. For each, we compared mean differences between tumor core/ periphery using a 2-tailed paired t-test (α = 0.05). Imaging was correlated with histopathology. RESULTS: Tumors were successfully grown in all rabbits, confirmed by necropsy. On DW-MRI, mean apparent diffusion coeffi cient (ADC) value was higher in necrotic tumor core (2.1 ± 0.3 mm2/s) than in viable tumor periphery (1.4 ± 0.5 mm2/s) (P < 0.05). On TRIP-MRI, mean perfusion values was higher in tumor periphery (110 ± 47 relative units) than in tumor core (66 ± 31 relative units) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Functional MRI can be used to differentiate necrotic from viable tumor cells in an animal pancreatic cancer model using ADC (DW-MRI) and perfusion (TRIP-MRI) values.

关键词： Animal model Functional magnetic resonance imaging Pancreatic cancer

Innate immune receptors in heart failure: Side effect or potential therapeutic target?

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World Journal of Cardiology 2014年第8期6卷 791-801页

作者： Katharina B Wagner Stephan B Felix Alexander riad Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine B University Medicine GreifswaldSauerbruchstrasse17475 GreifswaldGermany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner site GreifswaldSauerbruchstrasse17475 GreifswaldGermany

Heart failure(HF) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in western countries and occasions major expenses for public health systems. Although optimal medical treatment is widely available according to current guidelines, the prognosis of patients with HF is still poor. Despite the etiology of the disease, increased systemic or cardiac activation of the innate immune system is well documented in several types of HF. In some cases there is evidence of an association between innate immune activation and clinical outcome of patients with this disease. However, the few large trials conducted with the use of anti-inflammatory medication in HF have not revealed its benefits. Thus, greater understanding of the relationship between alteration in the immune system and development and progression of HF is urgently necessary: prior to designing therapeutic interventions that target pathological inflammatory processes in preventing harmful cardiac effects of immune modulatory therapy. In this regard, relatively recently discovered receptors of the innate immune system, i.e., namely toll-like receptors(TLRs) and nodlike receptors(NLRs)-are the focus of intense cardiovascular research. These receptors are main up-stream regulators of cytokine activation. This review will focus on current knowledge of the role of TLRs and NLRs, as well as on downstream cytokine activation, and will discuss potential therapeutic implications.

关键词： Heart failure Innate immune system Tolllike receptors Inflammation

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma to chemoembolization

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第25期16卷 3161-3167页

作者： Johnathan C Chung Neel K Naik Robert J Lewandowski Mary F Mulcahy Laura M Kulik Kent T Sato Robert K Ryu riad Salem Andrew C Larson Reed A Omary Department of Radiology North-western University Chicago IL 60611 United States Clinical Sciences Research Division Gastrointestinal Oncology Program Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Chicago IL 60611 United StatesMary F Mulcahy Department of Medicine Division of Hema-tology and Oncology Northwestern Memorial Hospital Chi-cago IL 60611 United States Department of Hepatology Northwestern Uni-versity Chicago IL 60611 United States Reed A Omary Department of Biomedi-cal Engineering Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 United States

AIM: To investigate whether intra-procedural diffusion- weighted magnetic resonance imaging can predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during trans- catheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). METHODS: Sixteen patients (15 male), aged 59 ±11 years (range: 42-81 years) underwent a total of 21 separate treatments for unresectable HCC in a hybrid magnetic resonance/interventional radiology suite. Ana- tomical imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (b = 0, 500 s/mm2) were performed on a 1.5-T unit. Tumor enhancement and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC, mm2/s) values were assessed immediately before and at 1 and 3 mo after TACE. We calculated the percent change (PC) in ADC values at all time points. We compared follow-up ADC values to baseline values using a paired t test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The intra-procedural sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (%) for detecting a complete or partial 1-mo tumor response using ADC PC thresholds of ±5%, ±10%, and ±15% were 77, 67, 91, and 40; 54, 67, 88, and 25; and 46, 100, 100, and 30, respectively. There was no clear predictive value for the 3-mo follow-up. Compared to baseline, the immediate post-procedure and 1-mo mean ADC values both increased; the latter obtaining statistical significance (1.48 ± 0.29 mm2/s vs 1.65 ± 0.35 × 10-3 mm2/s, P 15% predicted 1-mo anatomical HCC response with the greatest accuracy, and can provide valuable feedback at the time of TACE.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization Diffusion-weighted imaging Apparent diffusion coefficient Functional imaging biomarker

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安曼市步行环境在步行能力方面的表现性研究

安曼市步行环境在步行能力方面的表现性研究

作者： Qais riad Salim Smadi 北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

如今,城市规划和设计城市中最重要的问题之一是如何使其适合步行并与居住在其中的人们更加相关。这项研究更多地关注人类行为,并从日常规模进行研究。研究发现,在整个搜索过程中阅读的研究更多地关注建筑物和设计,而没有考虑居住在其中... 详细信息

如今,城市规划和设计城市中最重要的问题之一是如何使其适合步行并与居住在其中的人们更加相关。这项研究更多地关注人类行为,并从日常规模进行研究。研究发现,在整个搜索过程中阅读的研究更多地关注建筑物和设计,而没有考虑居住在其中的人们的需求。这就是我在安曼及其地区的生活中也注意到的,这些地区甚至无法提供良好生活条件的基本需求,而这些空间可以以更有效的方式提供服务。本研究旨在了解安曼的步行体验和旅程,并确定步行的城市设计形式,在从专家的角度分析收集的数据后,还调查了它的整个过程以及城市设计与步行之间的联系。参与调查和研究的行人对安曼市的4个特定区域进行了调查。该研究还关注哪些城市设计工具在该地区的步行性方面更有效,以及人们对它的反应如何。这里的主要问题是:城市公共区域的步行性意味着什么?需要哪些方法和标准来增强安曼人民的步行体验?如何创建一个框架来指导未来的城市设计师创造适合城市人民的高效解决方案和设计?为什么人们在日常生活中不使用步行?这不仅需要研究设计,还需要研究人们在整个步行过程中的愿望和感受,以及他们反映了什么以及如何反映。这是知识和实践,并通过改进用于分析步行行为与物理环境之间关系的方法和措施,为更广泛的“步行能力”领域做出贡献。本论文旨在调查安曼周边4个特定区域(Webdeh、Abdali(The Boulevard)、Downtown、Jabal Amman(Rainbow Street))的人们的步行行为,以确定城市空间中的步行性措施,特别是这些地区人口较多的地区。汽车和公共汽车,尽管这些区域在当地游客和游客方面具有很高的密度,并且它是为人们设计的,这4个区域被认为是一个非常繁忙的区域,人们在其中花费大量时间工作、聚会和散步。研究结果表明,有不同的因素对行人的步行性起主要作用,例如安曼的地理性质(如pag所示)、由于行人交通系统无组织而导致私家车使用率高调查和审计工具还显示了更多与选定区域所采用的城市规划方法以及它如何对选定区域的行人行为起主要作用有关的原因(第40页)。本研究的结论和解决方案被列为更多在行人一侧,因此本研究建议拥有更多适合步行的公园和公共空间,以保证当地人和居住在该地区的人们的安全步行空间确保在未来制定行人安全规则(第54页)。

关键词：适宜步行的城市大城市与步行城市设计形式城市行人