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A Study on the Interrelationship between Renal Calculi, Hormonal Abnormalities and Urinary Tract Infections in Iraqi Patients

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Open Journal of Urology 2012年第1期2卷 6-10页

作者： Mohemid M. Al-Jebouri nadia atalah Department of Microbiology College of Medicine University of Tikrit Tikrit Iraq

Objective: The main objective of the present study is to assess the interrelationship between renal calculi, selected ions, thyroid and parathyroid hormones and urinary tract infections. Methods: This study was carried out on 150 patients attended Tikrit Teaching Hospital from 2008 to 2009. Stones and serum ions were analyzed utilizing relevant Biolab Company kits (France). Thyroid hormones were determined using ELISA microwells kit (Accuubind, USA) Parathyroid hormone was estimated by active I-PTH ELISA (DSL, USA).Urine cultures were done utilizing cystine-lactose- electrolyte deficient (CLED) medium. Various isolated pathogens were conventionally identified. Results: Urine cultures revealed that 42% of the patients had urinary tract infections particularly with Enterobacteriaceae. 68% of the stones tested were calcium oxalate. Infective and noninfective stones were classified. Calcium ion was more elevated in patients examined. Hypothyroidism was prevalent but parathyroid hormone (PTH) was elevated among 14 patients only. Conclusions: The frequency of UTI was higher among urolithiasis patients and the common causative agents were Gram negative bacteria. Renal stones of calcium origin were predominant. Hormonal abnormalities were seen. 15 patients with hyperthyroidism revealed hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria.

关键词： Urinary Tract Infection Renal Stone Hormones Ions Iraq

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Impact of Prevailing Wages on the Cost among the Various Construction Trades

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第6期7卷 670-676页

作者： Alan atalah Construction Management Department College of Technology Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA

In 1997, the Ohio Senate passed Senate Bill 102 which established the Ohio School Facilities Commission as a separate agency to oversee the rebuilding projects of the public schools in Ohio. The bill also exempted the construction contractors from paying prevailing wages on these projects on the hypothesis that this exemption would lower the construction cost. The purpose of this study is to investigate this hypothesis through the statistical analysis of 8,093 bids received from the years 2000 through 2007 for the schools＇ construction. Union contractors who paid their workers union wages and non-union contractors who did not pay prevailing wages bid these projects. The hypothesis, that prevailing wage laws increased the construction cost, was tested by comparing the bids/SF （square foot） from both groups （union and nonunion） for the different construction trades. The study indicated that there was statistical significant difference between the bids/square foot for union contractors and the bids/square foot for non-union contractors for only the following trades： earthwork, existing conditions, plumbing, electrical and HVAC （heating, ventilation and air conditioning）. The averages of bids/SF from the union contractors were higher than those from the non-union contractors for earthwork, existing conditions and plumbing works, and the opposite for electrical and HVAC works. There was no statistical significant difference in the bids from the communications, concrete, conveying equipment, electronic safety and security, equipment, finishes, fire suppression, furnishings, masonry, openings, structural steel, thermal and moisture protection, plastics and composites and wood works.

关键词： Prevailing wages union non-union construction bids construction trades.

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钢筋混凝土梁抗剪的一种机理

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福州大学学报（自然科学版） 1996年第S1期24卷 99-103页

作者：苏小卒 David Haldance atalah S Kutab 同济大学建工系 Heriot-Wat大学 Birzeit大学

对简支梁试件进行了对称两点加载试验．试件中箍筋的高度仅为梁截面高度的一半并仅在梁的上半部配置．在距每个支座１５倍梁有效截面高度的范围内则未配任何箍筋．因此，这些试件根据通常标准是未配抗剪钢筋的．然而，试验结果表明，... 详细信息

对简支梁试件进行了对称两点加载试验．试件中箍筋的高度仅为梁截面高度的一半并仅在梁的上半部配置．在距每个支座１５倍梁有效截面高度的范围内则未配任何箍筋．因此，这些试件根据通常标准是未配抗剪钢筋的．然而，试验结果表明，这些试件的抗剪强度却平均是相应无箍筋梁抗剪强度的１６倍，某些梁甚至达到了其弯曲破坏极限荷载．

关键词：混凝土钢筋简支梁抗剪结构

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Evidences of the action of essential fatty acids on sea bream neuronal activity

Evidences of the action of essential fatty acids on sea brea...

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The 14th International Symposium on Fish Nutrition & Feeding

作者： Tibiábin Benítez-Santana Mnica Betancor M~a José Caballero Eyad atalah Eduardo Juárez-Carrillo Silvia Torrecillas Carmen M.Hernández-Cruz Marisol Izquierdo Grupo de Investigacion en Acuicultura(GIA) Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas and Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.P.O.Box 35200 TeldeCanary IslandsSpain

Highly unsaturated fatty acids(HUFA),particularly docosahexaenoic acid,are known to be essential for normal development of fish neural system and,subsequently fish ***, there is a limited information on the type of effect of these fatty acids on neuron development and *** on those essential fatty acids impairs larval response to different stressors, reducing the escaping *** cells are certain neurons particularly responsible for the escaping behaviour in *** objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of EFA on larval behaviour and Mauthner cells development and *** experiments were conducted feeding 18 dah larvae for 2 weeks on different dietary sources of HUFA to evaluate their effects on larval behaviour and brain development,particularly in relation to Mauthner cells. In trial 1,larvae were fed with microdiets containing soybean,linseed,rapeseed or fish oil,while in trial 2 microdiets contained different ratios of EPA/DHA(4/1;4/3;1.5/9;0.3/0.6).Behaviour was determined by measuring swimming speed of larvae from all groups was measured to obtain burst-swimming speed to sonorous *** cells activity was studied by ChAT immuno-fluorescence since acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter in the enteric nervous system. Behaviour showed a higher response in fish fed either fish oil and or 1.5/9 microdiets suggesting the importance of DHA for the to sonorous ***,a marked inmunoreactivity was found in Mauthner neurons from those fish denoting the requirement of DHA for the correct activity of those neurons and their implications on burst swimming *** intake of n-3 PUFA can leads to increased amounts of DHA in brain membranes and to associated learning and behavioural *** results show the first evidences of the action of EFA on fish neuronal activity and their implications in fish behaviour.

关键词： Sea bream Mauthner cells Behaviour Essential fatty acids

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