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Engineering Nano/Microscale Chiral Self‑Assembly in 3D Printed Constructs

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 313-332页

作者： Mohsen Esmaeili Ehsan Akbari Kyle George Gelareh Rezvan nader Taheri‑Qazvini Monirosadat Sadati Department of Chemical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA TA Instruments Waters LLCNew CastleDE 19720USA Biomedical Engineering Program University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Helical hierarchy found in biomolecules like cellulose,chitin,and collagen underpins the remarkable mechanical strength and vibrant colors observed in living organisms.This study advances the integration of helical/chiral assembly and 3D printing technology,providing precise spatial control over chiral nano/microstructures of rod-shaped colloidal nanoparticles in intricate geometries.We designed reactive chiral inks based on cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)suspensions and acrylamide monomers,enabling the chiral assembly at nano/microscale,beyond the resolution seen in printed materials.We employed a range of complementary techniques including Orthogonal Superposition rheometry and in situ rheo-optic measurements under steady shear rate conditions.These techniques help us to understand the nature of the nonlinear flow behavior of the chiral inks,and directly probe the flow-induced microstructural dynamics and phase transitions at constant shear rates,as well as their post-flow relaxation.Furthermore,we analyzed the photo-curing process to identify key parameters affecting gelation kinetics and structural integrity of the printed object within the supporting bath.These insights into the interplay between the chiral inks self-assembly dynamics,3D printing flow kinematics and photopolymerization kinetics provide a roadmap to direct the out-of-equilibrium arrangement of CNC particles in the 3D printed filaments,ranging from uniform nematic to 3D concentric chiral structures with controlled pitch length,as well as random orientation of chiral domains.Our biomimetic approach can pave the way for the creation of materials with superior mechanical properties or programable photonic responses that arise from 3D nano/microstructure and can be translated into larger scale 3D printed designs.

关键词： Directed chiral self-assembly Cellulose nanocrystals Bioinspired nanocomposite 3D printing Rheology

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Prediction of vertical displacement for a buried pipeline subjected to normal fault using a hybrid FEM-ANN approach

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 428-443页

作者： Hedye JALALI Reza YEGANEH KHAKSAR Danial MOHAMMADZADEH S. nader KARBALLAEEZADEH Amir H.GANDOMI Department of Civil Engineering Architecture and UrbanismSadjad University of TechnologyPO Box ***MashhadIran Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringEqbal Lahoori Institute of Higher EducationPO Box ***MashhadIran Faculty of Civil Engineering Architectureand ArtScience and Research Branch of Islamic Azad UniversityPO Box ***TehranIran Faculty of Engineering&Information Technology University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia University Research and Innovation Center(EKIK) Óbuda UniversityBudapest 1034Hungary

Fault movement during earthquakes is a geotechnical phenomenon threatening buried pipelines and with the potential to cause severe damage to critical infrastructures.Therefore,effective prediction of pipe displacement is crucial for preventive management strategies.This study aims to develop a fast,hybrid model for predicting vertical displacement of pipe networks when they experience faulting.In this study,the complex behavior of soil and a buried pipeline system subjected to a normal fault is analyzed by using an artificial neural network(ANN)to generate predictions the behavior of the soil when different parameters of it are changed.For this purpose,a finite element model is developed for a pipeline subjected to normal fault displacements.The data bank used for training the ANN includes all the critical soil parameters(cohesion,internal friction angle,Young’s modulus,and faulting).Furthermore,a mathematical formula is presented,based on biases and weights of the ANN model.Experimental results show that the maximum error of the presented formula is 2.03%,which makes the proposed technique efficiently predict the vertical displacement of buried pipelines and hence,helps to optimize the upcoming pipeline projects.

关键词： buried pipelines normal Fault finite element method multilayer perceptron neural network formulation

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Global systematic review and meta-analysis of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards dengue fever among the general population

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第5期17卷 191-207,I0001-I0003页

作者： Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi Mohammad Jokar Arman Abdous nader Sharifi Tahere Abbasi Vahid Rahmanian Zoonoses Research Center Jahrom University of Medical SciencesJahromIran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Karaj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKarajIran Department of Public Health Khomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran Research Center for Social Determinants of Health Jahrom University of Medical SciencesJahromIran Department of Public Health Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical SciencesTorbat JamIran

Objective:To determine the global level of knowledge,attitudes,and practices towards dengue fever among the general population.Methods:To complete this systematic review and meta-analysis,a thorough search for pertinent English-language literature was undertaken during the study's extension until October 2023.The search used Google Scholar,Scopus,PubMed/MEDLINE,Science Direct,Web of Science,EMBASE,Springer,and ProQuest.A quality assessment checklist developed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for the cross-sectional study was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the included papers.Inverse variance and Cochran Q statistics were employed in the STATA software version 14 to assess study heterogeneity.When there was heterogeneity,the Dersimonian and Liard random-effects models were used.Results:59 Studies totaling 87353 participants were included in this meta-analysis.These investigations included 86278 participants in 55 studies on knowledge,20196 in 33 studies on attitudes,and 74881 in 29 studies on practices.The pooled estimates for sufficient knowledge,positive attitudes,and dengue fever preventive behaviors among the general population were determined as 40.1%(95%CI 33.8%-46.5%),46.8%(95%CI 35.8%-58.9%),and 38.3%(95%CI 28.4%-48.2%),respectively.Europe exhibits the highest knowledge level at 63.5%,and Africa shows the lowest at 20.3%.Positive attitudes are most prevalent in the Eastern Mediterranean(54.1%)and Southeast Asia(53.6%),contrasting sharply with the Americas,where attitudes are notably lower at 9.05%.Regarding preventive behaviors,the Americas demonstrate a prevalence of 12.1%,Southeast Asia at 28.1%,Western Pacific at 49.6%,Eastern Mediterranean at 44.8%,and Africa at 47.4%.Conclusions:Regional disparities about the knowledge,attitude and preventive bahaviors are evident with Europe exhibiting the highest knowledge level while Africa has the lowest.These findings emphasize the importance of targeted public health interventions tailored to regional contexts,highlighting the need for region-specif

关键词： Break-bone fever Knowledge Attitudes Practices

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Air traffic monitoring using optimized ADS-B CubeSat constellation

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 189-208页

作者： Ghulam Jaffer Rameez AMalik Elias Aboutanios Nazish Rubab Ronnie nader Hans U.Eichelberger Guy A.E.Vandenbosch Interdisciplinary Centre for Security Reliability and Trust(SnT)University of LuxembourgLuxembourg1855Luxembourg

The primary technique used for air traffic surveillance is radar.However,nowadays,its role in surveillance is gradually being replaced by the recently adopted Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast(ADS-B).ADS-B offers a higher accuracy,lower power consumption,and longer range than radar,thus providing more safety to aircraft.The coverage of terrestrial radar and ADS-B is confined to continental parts of the globe,leaving oceans and poles uncovered by real-time surveillance measures.This study presents an optimized Low-Earth Orbit(LEO)-based ADS-B constellation for global air traffic surveillance over intercontinental trans-oceanic flight routes.The optimization algorithm is based on performance evaluation parameters,i.e.,coverage time,satellite availability,and orbit stability(precession and perigee rotation),and communication analysis.The results indicate that the constellation provides ample coverage in the simulated global oceanic regions.The constellation is a feasible and cost-effective solution for global air supervision,which can supplement terrestrial ADS-B and radar systems.

关键词： constellation automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) air traffic surveillance precession perigee rotation.

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Performance Comparison of Hyper-V and KVM for Cryptographic Tasks in Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2023-2045页

作者： nader Abdel Karim Osama A.Khashan Waleed K.Abdulraheem Moutaz Alazab Hasan Kanaker Mahmoud E.Farfoura Mohammad Alshinwan Department of Intelligent Systems Faculty of Artificial IntelligenceAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAl-Salt1705Jordan Research and Innovation Centers Rabdan AcademyP.O.Box 114646Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Information Systems and Networks TheWorld Islamic Sciences and Education UniversityAmman11947Jordan Department of Cyber Security Isra UniversityAmman1162Jordan Faculty of Science and Information Technology Al-Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman11733Jordan Middle East University Research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan

As the extensive use of cloud computing raises questions about the security of any personal data stored there,cryptography is being used more frequently as a security tool to protect data confidentiality and privacy in the cloud environment.A hypervisor is a virtualization software used in cloud hosting to divide and allocate resources on various pieces of hardware.The choice of hypervisor can significantly impact the performance of cryptographic operations in the cloud environment.An important issue that must be carefully examined is that no hypervisor is completely superior in terms of performance;Each hypervisor should be examined to meet specific needs.The main objective of this study is to provide accurate results to compare the performance of Hyper-V and Kernel-based Virtual Machine(KVM)while implementing different cryptographic algorithms to guide cloud service providers and end users in choosing the most suitable hypervisor for their cryptographic needs.This study evaluated the efficiency of two hypervisors,Hyper-V and KVM,in implementing six cryptographic algorithms:Rivest,Shamir,Adleman(RSA),Advanced Encryption Standard(AES),Triple Data Encryption Standard(TripleDES),Carlisle Adams and Stafford Tavares(CAST-128),BLOWFISH,and TwoFish.The study’s findings show that KVM outperforms Hyper-V,with 12.2%less Central Processing Unit(CPU)use and 12.95%less time overall for encryption and decryption operations with various file sizes.The study’s findings emphasize how crucial it is to pick a hypervisor that is appropriate for cryptographic needs in a cloud environment,which could assist both cloud service providers and end users.Future research may focus more on how various hypervisors perform while handling cryptographic workloads.

关键词： Cloud computing performance virtualization hypervisors Hyper-V KVM cryptographic algorithm

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Burden of routine orthopedic implant removal a single center retrospective study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 139-146页

作者： Ammar K AlOmran nader Alosaimi Ahmed A Alshaikhi Omar M Bakhurji Khalid J Alzahrani Basil Ziyad Salloot Tamim Omar Alabduladhem Ahmed I AlMulhim Arwa Alumran Department of Orthopedic College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia Health Information Management and Technology Department Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Open reduction and internal fixation represent prevalent orthopedic procedures,sparking ongoing discourse over whether to retain or remove asymptomatic implants.Achieving consensus on this matter is paramount for orthopedic surgeons.This study aims to quantify the impact of routine implant removal on patients and healthcare facilities.A retrospective analysis of implant removal cases from 2016 to 2022 at King Fahad Hospital of the University(KFHU)was conducted and subjected to statistical scrutiny.Among these cases,44%necessitated hospitalization exceeding one day,while 56%required only a single day.Adults exhibited a 55%need for extended hospital stays,contrasting with 22.8%among the pediatric cohort.The complication rate was 6%,with all patients experiencing at least one complication.Notably,34.1%required sick leave and 4.8%exceeded 14 d.General anesthesia was predominant(88%).Routine implant removal introduces unwarranted complications,particularly in adults,potentially prolonging hospitalization.This procedure strains hospital resources,tying up the operating room that could otherwise accommodate critical surgeries.Clearly defined institutional guidelines are imperative to regulate this practice.AIM To measure the burden of routine implant removal on the patients and hospital.METHODS This is a retrospective analysis study of 167 routine implant removal cases treated at KFHU,a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia.Data were collected in the orthopedic department at KFHU from February 2016 to August 2022,which includes routine asymptomatic implant removal cases across all age categories.Nonroutine indications such as infection,pain,implant failure,malunion,nonunion,restricted range of motion,and prominent hardware were excluded.Patients who had external fixators removed or joints replaced were also excluded.RESULTS Between February 2016 and August 2022,360 implants were retrieved;however,only 167 of those who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study.The remaining implants were rejected due

关键词： Implant removal Healed fracture Orthopedic implant Complications Healthcare system

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Primary liver transplantation vs transplant after Kasai portoenterostomy in children with biliary atresia: A retrospective Brazilian single-center cohort

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 112-119页

作者： Melina Utz Melere Valberto Sanha Marco Farina Carolina Soares da Silva Luiza nader Cristine Trein Angelica Maria Lucchese Cristina Ferreira Antonio Nocchi Kalil Flavia Heinz Feier Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Santa Casa de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050170Brazil Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Brazil Department of Surgical Oncology Santa Rita Hospital/Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKGROUND Biliary atresia(BA)is the most common indication for pediatric liver transplantation,although portoenterostomy is usually performed first.However,due to the high failure rate of portoenterostomy,liver transplantation has been advocated as the primary procedure for patients with BA.It is still unclear if a previous portoenterostomy has a negative impact on liver transplantation outcomes.AIM To investigate the effect of prior portoenterostomy in infants un-dergoing liver transplantation for BA.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of 42 pediatric patients with BA who underwent primary liver transplantation from 2013 to 2023 at a single tertiary center in Brazil.Patients with BA were divided into two groups:Those undergoing primary liver transplantation without portoenterostomy and those undergoing liver transplantation with prior portoenterostomy.Continuous variables were compared using the Student’s t-test or the Kruskal-Wallis test,and categorical variables were compared using theχ2 or Fisher’s exact test,as appropriate.Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to determine risk factors for portal vein thrombosis.Patient and graft survival analyses were conducted with the Kaplan–Meier product-limit estimator,and patient subgroups were compared using the two-sided log-rank test.RESULTS Forty-two patients were included in the study(25[60%]girls),23 undergoing liver transplantation without prior portoenterostomy,and 19 undergoing liver transplantation with prior portoenterostomy.Patients with prior portoenterostomy were older(12 vs 8 months;P=0.02)at the time of liver transplantation and had lower Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease scores(13.2 vs 21.4;P=0.01).The majority of the patients(35/42,83%)underwent livingdonor liver transplantation.The group of patients without prior portoenterostomy appeared to have a higher incidence of portal vein thrombosis(39 vs 11%),but this result did not reach statistical significance.Prior portoenterostomy was not a protective factor against portal vein

关键词： Hepatic portoenterostomy Biliary atresia Liver transplantation Patient outcome assessment Portal vein Survival

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Diversity of Helicobacter pylori genotypes in Iranian patients with different gastroduodenal disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第34期19卷 5685-5692页

作者： Farzam Vaziri Shahin Najar Peerayeh Masoud Alebouyeh Tabassom Mirzaei Yoshio Yamaoka Mahsa Molaei nader maghsoudi Mohammad Reza Zali Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares University Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Department of Environmental and Preventive-Medicine Oita University Faculty of Medicine Department of Medicine-Gastroenterology Baylor College of Medicine Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroin-testinal Disorders Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Neuroscience Research Center (NRC) Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

AIM:To investigate the diversity of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)genotypes and correlations with disease outcomes in an Iranian population with different gastroduodenal disorders.METHODS:Isolates of H.pylori from patients with different gastroduodenal disorders were analyzed after culture and identification by phenotypic and genotypic methods.Genomic DNA was extracted with the QIAamp DNA mini kit(Qiagen,Germany).After DNA extraction,genotyping was done for cagA,vacA(s and m regions),iceA(iceA1,iceA2)and babA with specific primers for each allele using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).All patients’pathologic and clinical data and their relation with known genotypes were analyzed by using SPSS version 19.0 software.2test and Fisher’s exact test were used to assess relationships between categorical variables.The level of statistical significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS:A total of 71 isolates from 177 patients with different gastroduodenal disorders were obtained.Based on analysis of the cagA gene(positive or negative),vacA s-region(s1or s2),vacA m-region(m1or m2),iceA allelic type(iceA1and iceA2)and babA gene(positive or negative),twenty different genotypic combinations were recognized.The prevalence of cagA,vacA s1,vacA s2,vacA m1,vacA m2,iceA1,iceA2,iceA1+iceA2and babA were 62%,78.9%,19.7%,21.1%,78.9%,15.5%,22.5%,40.8%and 95.8%,respectively.Interestingly,evaluation of PCR results for cagA in 6 patients showed simultaneous existence of cagA variants according to their size diversities that proposed mixed infection in these patients.The most prevalent genotype in cagA-positive isolates was cagA+/vacAs1m2/iceA1+A2/babA+and in cagA-negative isolates was cagA-/vacAs1m2/iceA-/babA+.There were no relationships between the studied genes and histo-pathological findings(H.pylori density,neutrophil activity,lymphoid aggregation in lamina propria and glandular atrophy).The strains which carry cagA,vacAs1/m1,iceA2and babA genes showed significant associations with severe active chronic gastritis(P=0.011,0.025,0.020 and 0.031,r

关键词： Helicobacter pylori cagA vacA iceA babA

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Efficiency of Bio-Fertilizing as One of the Natural Alternatives to Improve the Growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni Trees and for Sustainability

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 292-310页

作者： Safaa A. S. Ghorab Nashwa H. Mohamed nader A. El-Shanhorey Nabal S. El-Shahat Amr R. Rabie Forestry and Timber Trees Department Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Ismailia Egypt Forestry and Timber Trees Department Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Alexandria Egypt Botanical Gardens Department Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Alexandria Egypt Forestry and Timber Trees Department Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt

A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate from 2020-2022 to improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni by using a combination of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and biological fertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium, and Bacillus circulant) as recommended dose under new sandy soils conditions. Split plot designed with four treatments (Control, (50% Mineral fertilizer (M.) + 50% Biological fertilizer (Bio.)), 100% M. and 100% Bio.) of each species. Vegetative growth, leaf area, tree biomass, stored carbon, basal area, tree volume, and in the soil both of microbial account and mineral content were determined. The experimental results showed no significant differences between studied species among the most studied parameters except for Khaya senegalensis which gave the highest significant difference in root biomass and below-stored carbon than Swietenia mahagoni. Evidently, the highest significant growth parameters were 100% mineral fertilizer followed by (50% M. + 50% Bio.) as compared with control. No significant difference between 100% M. and (50% M. + 50% Bio.) of shoot dry biomass (15.19 and 12.02 kg, respectively) and above-stored carbon (0.28 and 0.22 Mt, respectively). Microbial account and mineral content in soil were improved after cultivation of tree species compared to before planting and control, especially with 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, a treatment containing 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer has led to the ideal Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni growth in sandy soil for cheaper and sustainable.

关键词： Khaya senegalensis Swietenia mahagoni Mineral Fertilizer Bio-Fertilizer Growth Parameters Tree Biomass Stored Carbon Sustainable

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Frost prediction based on a 3D CFD model of heat and mass transfer in a counter-cross-flow parallel-plate liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger

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Building Simulation 2023年第11期16卷 2063-2076页

作者： Mohammad Alipour Shotlou nader Pourmahmoud Mechanical Engineering Department Urmia UniversityUrmiaIran

The frosting is a critical phenomenon in building systems because it decreases the performance of exchangers and damages them.In this article,heat and mass transfer in a specified liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger(LAMEE)and their effects on condensation and frost formation are simulated numerically using the 3D computational fluid dynamics(CFD)technique.The CFD model has been validated with experimental results for different design parameters,and the agreement is within±2%.The developed CFD model provides the distribution of temperature and humidity ratio and MgCh concentration along the LAMEE.In the present study,effects of exchanger structure on producing viscosity and heat and mass transfer are studied.The selected LAMEE is a counter cross structure,therefore vortices appear in the inlet and outlet solution channel,and their influence can be seen on heat transfer in these parts.In addition,the diffusion of heat and mass transfer are studied on distributions of temperature and humidity ratio.Results show that the permeable membrane and moisture transfer make more regular temperature distribution along airflow direction in energy exchangers.This study provides an extended vision of heat and mass transfer.A 3-dimensional CFD model is developed to predict frost formation based on obtained temperature and humidity ratio.The CFD model is validated with an experimental study by calculating the frost limit.The developed model distinguishes condensed and frosted areas,and a new parameter is defined for this purpose namely as the frosted humidity ratio.Results show that frost and condensation distributions depend significantly on temperature and humidity ratio distributions.Adjusting temperature and humidity ratio to avoid air vapor to reach to saturation conditions is the better way to combat frosting.

关键词： frost CFD simulation moisture transfer membrane HVAC LAMEE

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