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Improving detection of cerebral small vessel disease aetiology in patients with isolated lobar intracerebral haemorrhage

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第1期8卷 26-33页

作者： Alvin S Das Elif Gokcal Robert W Regenhardt Mitchell J Horn Kristin Schwab nader Daoud Anand Viswanathan W Taylor Kimberly Joshua N Goldstein Alessandro Biffi Natalia Rost Jonathan Rosand Lee H Schwamm Steven M Greenberg M Edip Gurol Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Emergency Medicine Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background and purpose We evaluate whether non-haemorrhagic imaging markers(NHIM)(white matter hyperintensity patterns,lacunes and enlarged perivascular spaces(EPVS))can discriminate cerebral amyloid angiopathy(CAA)from hypertensive cerebral small vessel disease(HTN-cSVD)among patients with isolated lobar intracerebral haemorrhage(isolated-LICH).Methods In patients with isolated-LICH,four cSVD aetiologic groups were created by incorporating the presence/distribution of NHIM:HTN-cSVD pattern,CAA pattern,mixed NHIM and no *** pattern consisted of patients with any combination of severe centrum semiovale EPVS,lobar lacunes or multiple subcortical spots ***-cSVD pattern consisted of any HTN-cSVD markers:severe basal ganglia PVS,deep lacunes or peribasal ganglia white matter hyperintensity *** NHIM consisted of at least one imaging marker from either *** hypothesis was that patients with HTN-cSVD pattern/mixed NHIM would have a higher frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH),which is associated with *** In 261 patients with isolated-LICH,CAA pattern was diagnosed in 93 patients,HTN-cSVD pattern in 53 patients,mixed NHIM in 19 patients and no NHIM in 96 *** frequency of LVH was similar among those with HTN-cSVD pattern and mixed NHIM(50%vs 39%,p=0.418)but was more frequent in HTN-cSVD pattern compared with CAA pattern(50%vs 20%,p<0.001).In a regression model,HTN-cSVD pattern(OR:7.38;95%CI 2.84 to 19.20)and mixed NHIM(OR:4.45;95%CI 1.25 to 15.90)were found to be independently associated with *** Among patients with isolated-LICH,NHIM may help differentiate HTN-cSVD from CAA,using LVH as a marker for HTN-cSVD.

关键词： patients cerebral hypertensive

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N-磺酸基聚(4-乙烯吡啶)硫酸氢铵作为新型、高效、可重复使用的固体酸催化剂用于无溶剂条件下酰化反应(英文)

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催化学报 2014年第7期35卷 1126-1135页

作者： nader Ghaffari Khaligh Parisa Ghods Ghasem-Abadi Department of Chemistry Qaemshahr BranchIslamic Azad UniversityQaemshahr47651-61964Iran House Research of Professor Reza Education GuilanRashtDistrict 141569-17139Iran Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of Mohaghegh-ArdabiliArdabilIran Department of Chemistry Memorial Universit St. John'sNLA1B 3X7Canada

N-Sulfonic acid poly(4-vinylpyridinum) hydrogen sulfate has been developed as a recyclable solid acid catalyst for the acetylation of alcohols, phenols, thiols, and amines, as well as the 1,1- diacetylation of aldehydes under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. The acetylated products were formed in good to excellent yields over short reaction times, and the catalyst could be readily recovered by filtration and used several times without any discernible loss in activity. The hydrogen sulfate anion of the catalytic system was found to play a critical role in enhancing the reaction time and yield of the acetylation reaction.

关键词：固体酸催化剂乙酰化反应硫酸氢铵二磺酸无溶剂条件可重复使用反应时间催化体系

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Introduction of longstanding complicated sulcus intraocular lens into the intact capsular bag

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第11期14卷 1779-1783页

作者： Fathy Fawzy Morkos nader Fathy Fawzy Mohamed El Bahrawy Rania Serag Elkitkat Watany Research and Development Center Watany Eye HospitalCairo 11799Egypt Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairo 11799Egypt

AIM:To propose a surgical technique that successfully reopened the empty and intact capsular bag after long periods of closure,with repositioning of the intraocular lens(IOL)from the ciliary sulcus into its preferred habitat inside the capsular ***:This is a case series,prospective,and interventional *** technique was first performed on an aphakic high myope with a closed posterior capsule for 18 ***,five patients with recurrently displaced sulcus IOLs for a range of 1 mo to 7 y were performed for the same *** surgery,identifying a"telltale white line"was an important landmark for detecting the site of major adhesions between the edge of the capsulorhexis and the posterior *** adhesions were freed using combined manual and viscoelastic dissection,followed by an easier freeing of adhesions along the whole capsular *** IOL was safely implanted,exchanged,or introduced from the sulcus into the fibrotic and closed capsular *** were followed up for a period ranging from 6 to 17 mo ***:All the patients experienced a remarkable improvement in their subjective *** lamp examination showed a postoperative centralized IOL in the *** follow up visits confirmed visual and IOL ***:This newly-introduced surgical technique facilitates the reopening of the empty yet intact capsular bag that has been closed by fibrotic proliferations,with secured implantation of the IOL inside the capsular *** with inadvertent implantation of IOLs into the ciliary sulcus,yet having an intact capsular bag,can benefit from this technique.

关键词： late in the bag technique displaced sulcus lOLs post cataract visual rehabilitation closed capsular lens bag

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The Essence and Origin of the Magnetic Constant

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2020年第4期6卷 663-670页

作者： nader Butto Rabin Medical Center Dgania Petah-Tikva Israel

In this study, the essence and origin of the magnetic constant are discussed and a mechanism that allows real estimations of the magnetic constant based upon the vacuum density description is proposed. By considering the vacuum as a liquid with a measurable density and the electron as a vortex, hydrodynamic laws are applied to measure the diminished momentum of a rotating electron in a vacuum, thus obtaining a value similar to the experimentally derived value of the magnetic constant. A consequence of this description is that the magnetic constant can be expressed as the shear stress per unit time of the vacuum;this means that it is an observable vacuum parameter and not a fundamental constant.

关键词： Magnetic Constant Magnetic Permeability Shear Stress Vacuum Density Vacuum Viscosity

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微空心阴极放电机理及其在电热式推力器中的应用

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宇航学报 2008年第5期29卷 1607-1611页

作者：夏广庆毛根旺 nader Sadeghi 西北工业大学燃烧流动和热结构国家级重点实验室西安710072 约瑟夫.傅立叶大学&法国国家科学研究中心光谱物理实验室

近年来,微空心阴极放电(MHCD)技术的发展为研制适用于小卫星的先进新型微推力器提供了可能。MHCD是微放电领域中一种新颖的非平衡高气压辉光放电,其优点是可以在高气压下稳定放电,并且只需要非常低的电压(几百伏特)或者输入功率(百毫瓦... 详细信息

近年来,微空心阴极放电(MHCD)技术的发展为研制适用于小卫星的先进新型微推力器提供了可能。MHCD是微放电领域中一种新颖的非平衡高气压辉光放电,其优点是可以在高气压下稳定放电,并且只需要非常低的电压(几百伏特)或者输入功率(百毫瓦数量级)。本文针对MHCD,实验研究了微放电的电流-电压特性,并利用光学发射光谱的方法测量了微等离子体中电子数密度和中性气体温度。结果表明,在稳定的辉光放电下,MHCD孔内的电子数密度和中性气体温度随着压强和放电电流的增加而增大,电子数密度可达1014cm-3,中性气体温度可达1000K。由此可以推断,微空心阴极放电较小的尺寸结构与强烈并可控的气体加热相结合,完全可以开发应用在新型的电热式等离子体推进上,研制成微空心阴极放电等离子体推力器。由于在微放电等离子体中加热了工质气体,因此其性能可大大高于冷气推进。

关键词：微空心阴极放电(MHCD) 电推进微推力器纳卫星推进发射光谱

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A New Theory on the Origin and Nature of the Fine Structure Constant

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2020年第4期6卷 579-589页

作者： nader Butto Dgania Petah Tikva Israel

The nature and the origin of the fine structure are described. Based on the vortex model and hydrodynamics, a comprehensible interpretation of the fine structure constant is developed. The vacuum considered to have superfluid characteristics and elementary particles such as the electron and Hydrogen molecule are irrotational vortices of this superfluid. In such a vortex, the angular rotation ω is maintained, and the larger the radius, the slower the rotational speed. The fine structure value is derived from the ratio of the rotational speed of the boundaries of the vortex to the speed of the vortex eye in its center. Since the angular rotation is constant, the same value was derived from the ratio between the radius of the constant vortex core and the radius of the hall vortex. Therefore, the constancy of alpha is an expression of the constancy relation in the vortex structure.

关键词： Fine Structure Constant Angular Rotation Irrotational Vortex Vortex Electron Structure Hydrogen Atom Structure

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A New Theory for the Essence and Origin of Electron Spin

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2021年第4期7卷 1459-1471页

作者： nader Butto Petah Tikva Israel

Spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, composite particles, and atomic nuclei. It is wildly believed that spin is a purely quantum mechanical concept and has no classical analogue. In fact, elementary particles are conceived as point objects which have no axis to “spin” around. Therefore, there is no explaining how spin arises at the fundamental level, why particles have the values they do, and what underpins the Pauli Exclusion principle and Bose-Einstein behavior. However, spin is like a vector quantity;it has a definite magnitude, and it has a “direction”, in order to spin should be composite. In this paper we propose a physical explanation for spin of the electron at the sub-particle level, relying on the vortex model of the electron. The electron is described as a superfluid frictionless vortex which has a mass, angular momentum and spin to provide a complete explanation of all properties of the electron: it composite, spinning around its own axis, produces a tiny magnetic fields independent of those from its orbital motions. The classical hydrodynamic laws are used to describe the quantum properties of the electron, such as spin, angular momentum, magnetic momentum and a magnetic dipole. The circulation in the vortex is constant, and the angular momentum of the vortex is conserved and has the same value of Planck constant. The direction of the angular momentum of a spinning electron vortex is along the axis of rotation and determined by the direction of spin. The spin quantum number 1/2 has a fixed value which represents the gap between the circulation rate of the core of the vortex and the boundaries of the vortex. The changeable values +1/2 “spin-up” or -1/2 “spin-down” indicate the direction of the magnetic dipole of the vortex. The relation between spin and Planck constant is discussed and the origin h/4pi angular momentum units are revealed.

关键词： Higgs Field Irrotational Vortex Angular Momentum Magnetic Momentum Quantum Spin Number G-Factor

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空心和泡沫填充金属圆管在半球形模具上的收口过程（英文）

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第9期27卷 1976-1988页

作者： Seyed Ghaem AMIRHOSSEINI Abbas NIKNEJAD nader SETOUDEH Mechanical Engineering Department Yasouj University Materials Engineering Department Yasouj University

采用理论和实验方法,研究空心和聚氨酯泡沫填充金属圆管在半球形模具中的收口过程。验证了关于空心金属圆管在半球形模具中塑性变形的新理论模型。基于该模型,推测出理论方程,用于估算空心和泡沫填充金属管的瞬时成形载荷和耗散能随轴... 详细信息

采用理论和实验方法,研究空心和聚氨酯泡沫填充金属圆管在半球形模具中的收口过程。验证了关于空心金属圆管在半球形模具中塑性变形的新理论模型。基于该模型,推测出理论方程,用于估算空心和泡沫填充金属管的瞬时成形载荷和耗散能随轴向位移的变化。制备了黄铜管和铝管并将其成形为半球喷嘴,以验证该理论模型。理论预测与实验测试结果比较,揭示理论预测的载荷-位移图和耗散能-位移图与实验结果具有良好的一致性,从而证明了该理论的正确性。此外,模型指出,耗散能和轴向载荷与空心金属管的材质、壁厚和直径有关,但与初始长度无关。与此同时,实验结果表明,聚乙烯特氟龙的存在增加了收口过程的极限轴向位移。

关键词：塑性变形收口过程耗散能圆管喷嘴轴向载荷轴向位移

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The Origin and Nature of the Planck Constant

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2021年第1期7卷 324-332页

作者： nader Butto Dania Petah-Tikva Israel

Planck’s constant h is a fundamental physical constant defined in the realm of quantum theory and is determined only by physical measurement and cannot be calculated. To this day, physicists do not have a convincing explanation for why action in microcosm is quantized or why h has a specific quantitative value. Here, a new theory is presented based on the idea that the elementary particles are vortices of a condensed superfluid vacuum. The vortex has a conserved angular momentum that can be calculated by applying hydrodynamic laws;in this way, the numerical value of Planck’s constant can be obtained. Therefore, the Planck constant is not a fundamental constant but an observable parameter of the elementary particle as a vortex that has constant vorticity and conserved angular momentum. This theory may offer a unique and comprehensive understanding of Planck’s constant and open a new perspective for a theory of everything.

关键词： Planck’s Constant Angular Momentum Compton Radius Vorticity

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Electron Shape and Structure: A New Vortex Theory

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2020年第3期6卷 340-352页

作者： nader Butto Petah Tikva Israel

Along with all other quantum objects, an electron is partly a wave and partly a particle. The corpuscular properties of a particle are demonstrated when it is shown to have a localized position in space along its trajectory at any given moment. When an electron looks more like a particle it has no shape, “point particle”, according to the Standard Model, meaning that it interacts as if it is entirely located at a single point in space and does not spread out to fill a three-dimensional volume. Therefore, in the sense of particle-like interactions, an electron has no shape. In this paper, a new theory is proposed in which the electron has a structure and a shape. The central idea is that an electron is a frictionless vortex with conserved momentum made out of condensed vacuum generated in the Big Bang from massless virtual photons that acquire mass when moving in the vortex at the speed of light. Using Hydrodynamics laws and applying them on the superfluid vacuum the basic properties of the electron are described here forth. This study provides mathematical models to calculate the mass, kinetic energy, density, volume, time, charge, and particle-wave duality. Such mathematical formulations are presented to confirm the theory. We conclude that the shape of the electron is accessible to human imagination, knowing its shape helps to determine its properties and shed a light on how matter is made and to explain the interactions of sub-atomic particles.

关键词： Electron Structure Vortex Hydrodynamics Laws Vacuum Density

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