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Mood Disorders: Protection of the Hyper-Excited Bra.n, or a.Risk Fa.tor?

Journa. of Beha.iora. a.d Bra.n Science 2019年第2期9卷 54-65页

作者： Za.a.ia.I. Na.oba.hvili Irine G. Bila.ishvili Ma.a.G. Ba.ba.a.ze Nadejda A. Khizanishvili Depa.tment of Neurophysiology Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine Tbilisi Georgia Interna.iona. Ca.ca.us University Tbilisi Georgia

Emotiona. disturba.ces such a. a.xiety, fea., depression a.d a.gression a.e often experienced by pa.ients with tempora. lobe epilepsy. These psychia.ric symptoms ma. occur during or just a.ter (posticta.) a.seizure;however, in some pa.ients, they occur intericta.ly (i.e. between seizures) a.d ma. profoundly cha.ge the individua.’s persona.ity. a.ide from confirming tha. a.significa.t proportion of tempora. lobe epileptics do suffer from intericta. a.norma. emotiona.ity, there ha. been little progress to da.e in identifying the funda.enta. na.ure of these disturba.ces. There is a.la.k of evidences rega.ding the influence of a.tiva.ion of emotiogenic structures a.d emotiona. beha.ior on development of seizures. Kindling is a.commonly used a.ima. model for study of intericta. emotiona.ity a.d the effects of kindling a.d huma. epilepsy on emotiona. beha.ior a.e the prima.y focus of investiga.ors a.d not vice versa. Respectively, the interrela.ion between emotiona. a.d seizure rea.tions wa. studied in Wista. a.bino ra.s. In our study we tried to elucida.e: ca. emotiona. beha.ior evoked by stimula.ion of the emotiogenic zones of the hypotha.a.us or of induction of a.ute pa.n stress modify ma.ifesta.ions of genera.ized seizures within the period where a.“full” epileptic syndrom ha. been sta.le formed ea.lier? Our lea.ing hypothesis is a. follow: the emotiona. disturba.ces ca. be considered a. the emergence of instinctive beha.ior with a. a.a.tive significa.ce of defense a.d a. a.by-product of the inhibitory processes tha. build up to protect a.a.nst the future occurrence of seizures.

关键词： Kindling Hypotha.a.us Stress Seizure Ra.s

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Intera.tion between Seizure a.d Theta.Rhythm

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Journa. of Beha.iora. a.d Bra.n Science 2020年第1期10卷 18-28页

作者： Za.a.ia.I. Na.oba.hvili Irine G. Bila.ishvili Ma.a.D. Ba.ba.a.ze Ta.a. Z. Ga.xa.a.hvili Sa.ome a. Dolidze Keteva. E. Khuja.ze Leva. X. Na.hkebia.Nadejda A. Khizanishvili Depa.tment of Neurophysiology I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine Tbilisi Georgia Interna.iona. Ca.ca.us University Tbilisi Georgia P. Shota.ze Tbilisi Medica. a.a.emy Tbilisi Georgia.

Recently it wa. shown by us tha. combined stimula.ion of hippoca.pus a.d dorsomedia. hypotha.a.us resulted in suppression of the electroencepha.ogra.hic seizure rea.tions a.d, respectively, ma.ifesta.ions of beha.iora. seizures reduced. It is expected, tha. a.gmenta.ion of inhibitory processes in hippoca.pa. neurons in the course of dorsomedia. hypotha.a.us stimula.ion ca. trigger mecha.isms preventing the development of epileptiform a.tivity. Beca.se of two importa.t cha.a.teristics of the hippoca.pus—theta.rhythm a.d epileptogenesis—these a.pea. to be interrela.ed in respect of their cellula. substra.es, a.d a. fa. a. theta.rhythm ma. modula.e hippoca.pa. excita.ility, a.study of the functiona. rela.ionship between theta.rhythm a.d seizure a.tivity wa. endea.ored. The purpose of this study is to test this proposa. by determining the effects on seizures of induction or suppression of hippoca.pa. theta.a.tivity. Our findings show tha.: 1) a.a.nst ba.kground of strong unusua. sound stimula.ion (in our ca.e-sound) blocka.e of loca. seizure rea.tions induced by hippoca.pa. stimula.ion occurred;2) the frequency of hippoca.pa. intericta. epileptiform discha.gers increa.ed with the tra.sition from the a.a.e sta.e to drowsiness a.d a.slow-wa.e sleep pha.e. a.ter the a.ima. ca.e from slow-wa.e sleep to pa.a.oxica. sleep, epileptiform a.tivity completely disa.pea.ed;3) a. threshold stimula.ion of hypotha.a.us when electrohippoca.pogra. shows a.gmenta.ion of the theta.rhythm there is a.significa.t reduction of seizure dura.ions. When a. hypotha.a.us stimula.ion instea. of theta.rhythm the electrica. a.tivity is desynchronized, there occurs a.considera.le intensifica.ion of seizure a.tivity. Therefore, seizure-theta.a.ta.onism in our experiments could be interpreted a. a. a.justment of the inhibitory mecha.isms when the theta.rhythm is evoked.

关键词： Hippoca.pus Seizure Theta Rhythm Ra.s

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Some Cha.a.teristics of Neurons in the Reticula. Nucleus of the Tha.a.us (Prelimina.y Da.a.

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Journa. of Beha.iora. a.d Bra.n Science 2023年第3期13卷 45-54页

作者： Za.a.ia.I. Na.oba.hvili Irine G. Bila.ishvili Irine G. Va.ha.idze Ma.a.G. Ba.ba.a.ze Megi G. Dumba.ze Nadejda A. Khizanishvili La.ora.ory of Neurophysiology Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine Tbilisi Georgia Georgia. Na.iona. University - SEU Tbilisi Georgia Tea.hing University Geomedi Tbilisi Georgia

Our genera. understa.ding of the function of neurons is tha. dendrites receive informa.ion tha. is rela.ed to the a.on, where a.tion potentia.s a.e initia.ed a.d propa.a.ed to eventua.ly trigger neurotra.smitter relea.e a. syna.tic termina.s. a.though for a.number of neuron types in the ma.ma.ia. bra.n, ma.y neuron types do not follow this cla.sica. pola.ity pa.tern. In fa.t, dendrites ma. be the site of a.tion potentia.s initia.ion a.d propa.a.ion. It should be noted tha. convincing evidence ha. been obta.ned for the existence of dendritic a.tion potentia.s in hippoca.pa. a.d neocortica. neurons. With rega.d to the dendrite potentia.s of tha.a.ic neurons in genera. a.d specifica.ly the reticula. nucleus of the tha.a.us, it ha. not yet been reported. The results of this study demonstra.e, for the first time, tha. genera.ion of spike potentia.s of different a.plitudes wa. observed in the a.tivity of the tha.a.ic reticula. nucleus neurons. The genera.ion of one a.tion potentia. does not interfere with the genera.ion of a.other, a.d a.spike potentia. of sma.ler a.plitude ca. occur a. the a.cending or descending pha.e of the spike potentia. of la.ge a.plitude. It ca. be a.gued tha. the spike potentia.s of lower a.plitudes a.ising in the tha.a.ic reticula. nucleus neuron a.e of dendrite origin. Given both the stra.egic position a.d the functiona. purpose of the TRN, it ca. be a.sumed tha. the neurons of this structure must ea.h time be discha.ged with spike potentia.s in order to ca.ry out their modula.ing effect on other a.ea. of the nervous system of the bra.n without lea.a.e.

关键词： Tha.a.us Neuron Dendrite Potentia.s Ca.

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Pregna.cy: Protection of the Hypera.tive Bra.n, or a.Risk Fa.tor?

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Journa. of Beha.iora. a.d Bra.n Science 2014年第7期4卷 334-341页

作者： Za.a.ia.I. Na.oba.hvili Irine G. Bila.ishvili a.ka.i G. Surma.a.Na.a.G. Bukia.Ma.ine P. Butskrikidze La.a.a.I. Ma.ha.a.ia.i Nino T. Sa.sieshvili Ma.a.G. Ba.ba.a.ze Irma.G. Kha.hidze Nadejda A. Khizanishvili Depa.tment of Neurophysiology Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine Tbilisi Georgia

The ma.n objective of the study wa. to determine the effect of gesta.ion a.d postgesta.ion periods on development a.d course of seizure a.tivity. The da.a.obta.ned in the study showed tha. i) there is a.reduction of both EEG a.d beha.iora. seizures during gesta.ion in the presence of hippoca.pa. epileptogenic locus (kindling model);ii) suppression of a.diogenic seizures occurs in gesta.ion, a.d development of a.diogenic kindling a.d decrea.e of seizure rea.tions occur in the pseudogesta.ion sta.e. It is a.sumed tha. in gesta.ion period the intensifica.ion of the possible endogenous inhibitory mecha.isms follows the course of seizure a.tivity.

关键词： Gesta.ion Kindling a.diogenic Seizures Ra.s

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Significa.ce of the Tha.a.ic Reticula. Nucleus Ga.a.rgic Neurons in Norma. a.d Pa.hologica. a.tivity of the Bra.n

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Journa. of Beha.iora. a.d Bra.n Science 2012年第4期2卷 436-444页

作者： Za.a.ia.I. Na.oba.hvili a.ka.i G. Surma.a.Irine G. Bila.ishvili Ma.a.G. Ba.ba.a.ze Ma.da.D. Ma.ia.idze Nadejda A. Khizanishvili Depa.tment of Neurophysiology Ivane Beritashvili Experimental BioMedicine Centre Tbilisi Georgia

The rela.ionship between neurons of the tha.a.ic reticula. nucleus (TRN) a.d rela. neurons of the tha.a.ic nuclei wa. studied. a.tiva.ion of the TRN neurons wa. shown to a.a.e a.tivity of rela. neurons. This evidence wa. obta.ned by stimula.ion of the TRN a.d the neocortex a.d, by introduction of sma.l doses of nembuta. a. well. Suppression of the rela. neurona. a.tivity by the TRN neurons is supposed to occur monosyna.tica.ly. It ha. been a.so revea.ed tha. neurona. a.tivity of the TRN enha.ces in a.clonic pha.e of seizures genera.ed by stimula.ion of the hippoca.pus a.d a. soon a. the electroencepha.ogra.hic seizure rea.tions disa.pea.. The suppression of limbic motor seizures is obviously rela.ed to the process of potentia.ion in Ga.a.rgic syna.ses of tha.a.ocortica. networks. Thus, stimula.ion of the TRN a.pea.s to be a.ra.her va.ua.le methodica. tool tha. ca. open up prospects in the development of new “a.ticonvulsive” stra.egies in the trea.ed of tempora. lobe epilepsy.

关键词： Tha.a.ic Reticula. Nucleus Rela. Neurons Seizure a.tivity Potentia.ion Ca.s

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