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PCR Based Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Fowl Adenovirus Strains Isolated from 2019 Epidemic from Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2020年第3期10卷 246-258页

作者： nadeem sharif Muhammad Danish Mehmood Syed Zeeshan Haider Naqvi Huma Anwar ul-Haq Syed Shoaib Ahmed Muhammad Usman Ghani Muhammad Shoaib Mubashir Hussain Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Ottoman Pharma (Immuno Division) Lahore Pakistan College of Veterinary Sciences FSH & VS Peshawar Pakistan Kohat University of Science & Technology Kohat Pakistan

Hydro-Pericardium Hepatitis (HPH) is an emerging infectious disease of commercial poultry, caused by different serotypes of Fowl Adeno Virus. The vertical transmission of the virus into the progeny may results in devastating damage, causing huge economic losses to its farmers. In present study, molecular typing is performed on basis of partially conserved hexon gene sequences, using a unique set of primers having common reverse oligo for simultaneous detection of FAdV1, FAdV-4 and FAdV-11. A total of 14 fowl adeno virus strains were isolated from 100 suspected adeno virus liver samples, collected from different districts in Pakistan, between 2018 and 2019. FASTA’s sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that out of the 14, one isolate which belonged to group A showed 27% similarity with FAdV-1, while three isolates showed 99%, 95% & 45% similarity to FAdV-4 (Group C). Whereas, ten isolates showed more than 99% similarity to FAdV-11 (Group D). The serotypes FAdV1, FAdV-4 and FAdV-11 are prevailing in the breeder and broilers. These results hold great importance in rapid, reliable and simultaneous detection of the three FAdV serotypes. Therefore, fowl adeno virus vaccine production for commercial poultry shall be according to the prevalent field serotypes.

关键词： Hydro-Pericardium Hepatitis (HPH) Hexon Gene Polymerase Chain Reaction Phylogenetic Analysis Sanger’s Sequence

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Comparison of Shisha Smoking Behavior among Medical and Pharmacy Students

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第7期6卷 269-279页

作者： Ashok Kumar Salman Baig Sana Ansari nadeem Rizvi Huma sharif Anwar Ejaz Beg Ammara Rauf Faraz Ahmed Baig Ammara Abdul Majeed Ziauddin Hospital Karachi Pakistan Sindh Medical College Karachi Pakistan

Background: Health care workers are respected in every society and have a strong influence on the behaviour of the community. In order to reduce the shisha dependence in the Pakistani population, it is necessary to evaluate the perspective of future doctors and pharmacists regarding this addiction as they become role models for the future generations. Objective: The aim is to compare the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of shisha use among medical students and pharmacy students in order to assess their support in the anti-shisha campaigns of Pakistan. Methodology: Cross sectional study was performed in four major medical universities of Karachi, Pakistan through a modification of the WHO global health survey questionnaire. Result: 398 medical students and 470 pharmacy students were included in the study which showed that currently 9.6% pharmacy students and 4.8% medical students used shisha daily (p = 0.000). Pharmacy students started shisha use in less than 15 years of age while this number was 29.5% among medical students (P = 0.000). Moreover, 44.6% pharmacy students and 50% medical students were not planning to quit this addiction within the next six months. 14% of pharmacy students and 20.4% in medical students (P = 0.002) were unaware that passive smoking caused lung cancer, while 23.4% pharmacy students and 33.5% medical students rejected it as cause of heart diseases (p = 0.006). Conclusion: A significant number of medical and pharmacy students were unaware about some of the serious consequences of shisha smoking. Therefore, both groups of students need to be educated about the health hazards of shisha use, in order to control this growing menace.

关键词： Shisha Smoking Tobacco Students

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