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The Feasibility of Flat, Portable and Wireless Device for Non-Invasive Peripheral Oxygenation Measurement over the Entire Body

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第3期9卷 147-159页

作者： Zehava Ovadia-Blechman Omri Gino Liron Dandeker nadav sheffer Erik Baltaxe Vered Aharonson Medical Engineering Department Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering Tel Aviv Israel Electrical Engineering Department Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering Tel Aviv Israel Pulmonary Diseases and Internal Medicine Institute Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer Israel School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

Peripheral oxygenation level (SpO2) can provide vital information on body functions. Continuous monitoring facilitates effective diagnosis and treatment and can even be lifesaving. Clinical device monitor SpO2 using a clip, and measure light transmission through the tissue. This method limits the body locations of the clip’s placement and is sensitive to body movement, which hampers continuous SpO2 monitoring during wakefulness or sleep, thus decreasing its usability in clinics and its accessibility in homecare usage. We developed a portable, wireless, flat and low cost prototype for continuous monitoring of SpO2 that overcomes those limitations. The prototype enables convenient measurement in larger variety of body locations by spectrophotometric measurements of changes in the optical reflectance unlike other device that measure absorption through the tissue. The original design and signal processing enable reliable signal acquisition, synchronization and control. An Android’s application was developed to provide a user friendly interface for results display on smartphones. The prototype’s measurements were compared to commercial device that simultaneously measured heart rate frequency, transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcPO2) and SpO2. The prototype’s measurements accurately reflected changes caused by blood pulses, were correlated to the heart rate, and were sensitive to changes in oxygen saturation. Excellent real time behavior and synchronization were demonstrated between the hardware and smartphone software. Our prototype thus enables convenient SpO2 measurement over the entire body, while maintaining accuracy comparable to commercial device. Its smartphone application enables accessible and understandable results display to patients, care-givers and healthcare professionals. The application’s display and alert calibration flexibility facilitates the prototype’s usage in changing medical

关键词： Peripheral Oxygen Saturation Noninvasive Monitoring Medical Application Pulse Oximetry

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Unexpectedly low δ^(13)C in leaves,branches,stems and roots of three acacia species growing in hyper-arid environments

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第1期14卷 117-131页

作者： Daphna Uni Elli Groner Elaine Soloway Amgad Hjazin Spencer Johnswick Gidon Winters Efrat sheffer Ido Rog Yael Wagner Tamir Klein Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael The Dead Sea-Arava Science Center Tamar Regional CouncilNeve Zohar 86910Israel Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetic in Agriculture The Robert H.Smith Faculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael Arava Institute for Environmental Studies Kibbutz KeturaIsrael

Aims In plant eco-physiology,less negative(enriched)carbon 13(^(13)C)in the leaves indicates conditions of reducing leaf gas exchange through stomata,*** *** addition,^(13)C is expected to be less negative in non-photosynthetic tissues as compared with ***,these relationships inδ^(13)C from leaves(photosynthetic organs)to branches,stems and roots(non-photosynthetic organs)are rarely tested across multiple closely related tree species,multiple compartments,or in trees growing under extreme heat and *** We measured leaf-to-root^(13)C in three closely related desert acacia species(Acacia tortilis,*** and ***).We measuredδ^(13)C in leaf tissues from mature trees in southern *** parallel,a 7-year irrigation experiment with 0.5,1.0 or 4.0 L day1 was conducted in an experimental *** the end of the experiment,growth parameters andδ^(13)C were measured in leaves,branches,stems and *** Findings Theδ^(13)C in leaf tissues sampled from mature trees was ca.-27‰,far more depleted than expected from a desert tree growing in one of the Earth's driest and hottest *** acacia species and compartments,δ^(13)C was not enriched at all irrigation levels(-28‰to ca.-27‰),confirming our measurements in the mature *** compartments,leafδ^(13)C was unexpectedly similar to branch and rootδ^(13)C,and surprisingly,even less negative than stemδ^(13)*** highly depleted leafδ^(13)C suggests that these trees have high stomatai gas exchange,despite growing in extremely dry *** lack ofδ^(13)C enrichment in nonphotosynthetic tissues might be related to the seasonal coupling of growth of leaves and heterotrophic tissues.

关键词： stable isotope δ^(13)C enrichment desert tree drought resistance Acacia raddiana Acacia tortilis

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