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The combined role of visual and olfactory cues in foraging by Cataglyphis ants in laboratory mazes

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Current Zoology 2023年第4期69卷 401-408页

作者： Tomer Gilad Ori Bahar Malak Hasan Adi bar Aziz subach Inon scharf school of Zoology George S Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University69978 Tel AvivIsrael

Foragers use several senses to locate food,and many animals rely on vision and *** is beneficial not to rely on a single sense,which might fail under certain *** examined the contribution of vision and smell to foraging and maze exploration under laboratory conditions using Cataglyphis desert ants as a *** intensity,measured as the number of workers entering the maze and arriving at the target as well as target arrival time,were greater when food,blue light,or both were offered or presented in contrast to a *** trained to forage for a combined food and light cue elevated their foraging intensity with ***,foraging intensity was not higher when using both cues simultaneously than in either one of the two *** training,we split between the two cues and moved either the food or the blue light to the opposite maze *** manipulation impaired foraging success by either leading to fewer workers arriving at the target cell(when the light stayed and the food was moved)or to more workers arriving at the opposite target cell,empty of food(when the food stayed and the light was moved).This result indicates that ant workers use both senses when foraging for food and readily associate light with food.

关键词： binary-tree maze desert ants diet choice foraging sensual modality spatial learning

Role of colonoscopy in patients with persistent acute diverticulitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第17期14卷 2763-2766页

作者： Adi Lahat Henit Yanai Emad sakhnini Yoram Menachem simon bar-Meir Department of Gastroenterology ChaimSheba Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine Tel AvivUniversity

AIM： To identify patients with persistent acute diverticulitis who might benefit from an early colonoscopy during their first hospitalization. METHODs： All patients hospitalized between July 2000 and December 2006 for acute diverticulitis who underwent colonoscopy were included in the study. Patients were followed during hospitalization and after discharge. Patients were considered to have a persistent course of acute diverticulitis if symptoms continued after 1 wk of conventional treatment with 1V antibiotics, or if symptoms recurred within 2 mo after discharge. Patients were considered to benefit from an early colonoscopy if the colonoscopy was therapeutic or if it changed a patient＇s outcome. REsULTs： Three hundred and six patients were hospitalized between July 2000 and December 2006 with the diagnosis of acute diverticulitis. Two hundred and twenty four of these were included in the study group. Twenty three patients （10.3%） fulfilled the criteria for a persistent course of acute diverticulitis. Of them, four patients （17.4%） clearly benefited from an early colonoscopy; these patients＇ clinical course is described. None of the patients with a regular non-persistent course demonstrated any benefit from colonoscopy. CONCLUsION： Early colonoscopy detected other significant pathology, which accounted for the clinical presentation in 17% of patients with persistent acute diverticulitis. Therefore, we believe an early colonoscopy should be considered in all patients with a persistent clinical course.

关键词： Persistent acute diverticulitis Early colonoscopy Clinical course

Effects of stand types on recreational preferences of society in the sub-Alpine Zone,northern Turkey

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Journal of Mountain science 2022年第11期19卷 3246-3256页

作者： Tuğrul VAROL Halil barışÖZEL Ferhat KARA İlkimÇAVUŞKARA sezgin AYAN bartın University Faculty of ForestryDepartment of Forest EngineeringBartın 74100Turkey Kastamonu University Faculty of ForestryDepartment of Forest EngineeringKastamonu 37150Turkey Kastamonu-Ilgaz Mountain National Park Directorate Kastamonu 37100Turkey

The main objective of this study was to examine how different stand types influenced the tendency of visitors for varying recreational activities(i.e.,hiking,trekking,camping and hunting)from 1993 to 2018 in the surrounding areas of Uluyayla Natural Recreation site in bart1n,northern Turkey.A total of 627 visitors were selected on a voluntary basis,and questioned in the form of *** of the participants were in the age of 21-40 years old,and they were mostly(62.4%)*** of the participants(82.7%)lived in cities,while 62.8%of them were tourists when visiting the *** determining the preferences of the visitors regarding the stand types for different recreational activities,several images of each stand were shared with them,and they were asked which stand type they would prefer for a given recreation activity(i.e.,hiking,tracking,camping and hunting).A range of options from 1 to 5 in Likert's scale was used in evaluating the given *** degree of positive and negative effects was examined via trend *** was found that stand type had influence on the preferences of visitors regarding the recreational *** general,unmanaged and moderately treated stands were more preferred by visitors for the recreational purposes,compared to the previously managed *** the other hand,visitors'preference for the activities were different during two periods(i.e.,1993-2005 and 2006-2018).For each recreational activity,there was an increasing trend from 1993 to *** had been a continuous increase for hunting since 1996,and for trekking and camping after *** increases between 1993-1996 and 1996-1999 were likely due to the increasing awareness of the society as a result of the training and consciousness raising activities for nature *** demand on the recreational activities continuously increased in unmanaged and moderately treated stands,while no significant changes were examined in the previously managed *** st

关键词： Camping Hunting National Park Recreation subalpine silviculture

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NUTRITIONFORCHILDANDADOLEsCENTATHLETEs

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中国运动医学杂志 2000年第4期19卷 443-447页

作者： Oded bar-Or M.D. Children’s Exercise & Nutrition Centre Mc Master University Hamilton Ontario Canada

Intimate partner violence against women. Does violence decrease after the entry of the alleged offender into the criminal justice system?

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Forensic sciences Research 2022年第1期7卷 53-60页

作者： Paulo Vieira-Pinto JoséIgnacio Muñoz-barús Tiago Taveira-Gomes Maria João Vidal-Alves Teresa Magalhães Department of Forensic sciences PathologyGynaecology and ObstetricsPaediatricsInstitute of Forensic SciencesUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain IINFAC Ts-Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health sciences Department of SciencesCESPUUniversity Institute of Health Sciences(IUCS)GandraPortugal cFaculty of Medicine University of PortoPortoPortugal CINTEsIs-Centre of Health Technology and service Research University of PortoPortoPortugal Fernando Pessoa University PortoPortugal

Intimate partner violence(IPV)is simultaneously assumed as a serious crime and a major public health issue,having recurrences as one of its main characteristics and,consequently,re-entries of some alleged offenders in the criminal justice system(CJs).The main goal of this study is to assess if in cases of female victims of IPV,violence decreases after the first entry of the alleged offender in the CJs.A retrospective study was performed based on the analysis of police reports of alleged cases of IPV during a 4-year *** final sample(n=1488)was divided into two groups according to the number of entries in the CJs(single or multiple)followed by a comparative *** suggest that violence decreases after the first entry of alleged offenders in the ***-entries were found in only 15.5%of the cases but they were accountable for 3.3 times more crimes on ***,victims of recidivism presented more injuries and required more medical ***,a small group of alleged offenders seems to be more violent and accountable for most of the IPV crimes registered in the CJs suggesting that regardless of legal sanctions aiming to deter violence,these measures may not be enough for a certain group of *** study sustains the need for a predictive model to quantify the risk of repeated IPV cases within the Portuguese population.

关键词： Forensic sciences intimate partner violence women re-entry recidivism criminal justice system

Mesozoic and Cenozoic microbiotas from eastern Antarctic Peninsula: adaptation to a changing palaeoenvironment

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Advances in Polar science 2019年第3期30卷 165-185页

作者： Cecilia R.AMENábar Andrea CARAMés susana ADAMONIs Ana DOLDAN Gabriel MACEIRAs Andrea CONCHEYRO Instituto de Estudios Andinos"Don Pablo Groeber".Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas.Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires.Pabellón II.Ciudad Universitaria Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires Instituto Antártico Argentino

A compiled selected literature on some groups of microfossils of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic of the James Ross Basin,eastern Antarctic Peninsula,is presented here,in order to show how the microbiota has been modified over time,triggered by environmental *** analyzed microfossils consist of palynomorphs(mostly pollen grains,spores,and dinoflagellate cysts),foraminifers and *** cysts and pollen-spores have been recorded in Jurassic to Pleistocene sedimentary *** cysts proved to be good indicators for productivity and/or nutrient availability,surface water temperature and chemistry,the position of ancient shorelines and paleoceanographic *** and spores allowed reconstruction of floral community and thus characterization of the climate that prevailed on the ***,recovered from the Lower Cretaceous to the Pleistocene sedimentary rocks,provided information about the bathymetry,showing different marine settings(e.g.,coastal,inner neritic,outer neritic,upper bathyal)in different *** bryozoan record is restricted to the *** colonial growth-forms reflect several environmental conditions such as shallow waters with a low rate of sedimentation,hard substrate and moderate or strong current action for the analyzed *** study of the Antarctic ecosystems based on the fossil microbiota and their response to the climate and the continental configuration changes,allowed understanding of the composition and dynamics of the polar environments,which have an important role in the Earth climate.

关键词： pollen-spores dinoflagellate cysts foraminifers bryozoans palaeoenvironment Mesozoic-Cenozoic James Ross Basin Antarctic Peninsula

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barrett's esophagus with high grade dysplasia is associated with non-esophageal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第39期24卷 4472-4481页

作者： Nir bar Naama schwartz Michal Nissim Naomi Fliss-Isacov shira Zelber-sagi Revital Kariv Department of Gastroenterology Tel Aviv Medical CenterTel Aviv 6423906Israel Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6423906Israel school for Public Health University of HaifaHaifa 31905Israel

AIM To study factors associated with esophageal and nonesophageal cancer morbidity among barrett's esophagus(BE) patients. METHODs A cohort study within a single tertiary center included 386 consecutive patients with biopsy proven BE, who were recruited between 2004-2014. Endoscopic and histologic data were prospectively recorded. Cancer morbidity was obtained from the national cancer registry. Main outcomes were BE related(defined as esophagus and cardia) and non-BE related cancers(all other cancers). Cancer incidence and all-causemortality were compared between patients with highgrade dysplasia(HGD) and with low-grade or no dysplasia(non-HGD) using Kaplan-Meier curves and cox regression *** Of the 386 patients, 12 had HGD, 7 had a BE related cancer. There were 75(19.4%) patients with 86 cases of lifetime cancers, 76 of these cases were non-BE cancers. seven(1.8%) and 18(4.7%) patients had BE and non-BE incident cancers, respectively. Twelve(3.1%) patients had HGD as worst histologic result. Two(16.7%) and 16(4.4%) incident non-BE cancers occurred in the HGD and non-HGD group, respectively. Ten-year any cancer and non-BE cancer free survival was 63% and 82% in the HGD group compared to 93% and 95% at the non-HGD group, respectively. Log-rank test for patients with more than one endoscopy, assuring longer follow up, showed a significant difference(P spectively). All-cause mortality was not significantly associated with BE *** Patients with BE and HGD, may have a higher risk for all-cause cancer morbidity. The implications on cancer prevention recommendations should be further studied.

关键词： barrett’s esophagus High grade dysplasia Esophageal cancer Upper endoscopy Cancer morbidity

Characteristics of Infertile Clientele Attending a Public in Vitro Fertilization Clinic: Appraising Priorities in a Low-Income Country

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 343-352页

作者： Gbolahan O. Obajimi Olugbenga O. saanu Ayodeji s. Adeyanju Ademola s. Olutoye Mofiyinfoluwa M. Adeyeye Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria. College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria.

Introduction: Infertilityaffects one in six couples, and it is an important public health issue largely due to thepervasive effects on the emotional and psychological wellbeing of affected couples. In many developing nations emphasis is placed on childbirth and inability to fulfill this role can be very distressing. There is an unmet need for assisted reproductive technology (ART) in many developing countries and where facilities exist, they are mostly privately owned, expensive and concentrated in urban areas. To bridge this gap, public fertility clinics have been established to provide subsidized care. Evaluating the characteristics and peculiarities of clientele presenting at these public facilities will aid planning and prioritization of care. Methodology: A descriptive retrospective study of 116 infertile patients presenting to the fertility clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria from inception on the 14sup>thsup> of February 2019 and 31sup>stsup> of December *** was analyzed using the statical Package for social sciences (IBM, sPss, New York) version 23. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the results which were presented with the aid of bar charts and frequency tables. Result: The mean age of the patients was 40.70 ± 6.62 years. Post-menopausal patients accounted for about one-fifth of the study population while 80.2% (93 women) were older than 35 years. The mean duration of infertility was 9.39 ± 6.11years and nine patients (7.8%) had a duration greater than 2 decades. secondary infertility occurred in 67.2% of the women. Twenty-nine women (25%) had undergone myomectomy prior to presentation. Hypertension (11.2%) was the most prevalent comorbidity. Nineteen patients (16.4%) had used contraceptives in the past with the male condom (36.8%)being the most preponderant. sixty-seven patients had experienced pregnancy losses before 28 weeks of gestation while just 16 patients (13.8%) had undergone ART, and none was successf

关键词： Infertility Assisted Reproductive Technology Low-income Priorities.

system-level Pareto frontiers for on-chip thermoelectric coolers

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Frontiers in Energy 2018年第1期12卷 109-120页

作者： sevket U. YURUKER Michael C. FIsH Zhi YANG Nicholas BALDAsARO Philip barLETTA Avram bar-COHEN Bao YANG Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742 USA Research Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA Micross Components Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA

The continuous rise in heat dissipation of integrated circuits necessitates advanced thermal solutions to ensure system reliability and efficiency. Thermoelectric coolers are among the most promising techniques for dealing with localized on-chip hot spots. This study focuses on establishing a holistic optimization methodol- ogy for such thermoelectric coolers, in which a thermo- electric element＇s thickness and the electrical current are optimized to minimize source temperature with respect to ambient, when the thermal and electrical parasitic effects are considered. It is found that when element thickness and electrical current are optimized for a given system architecture, a ＂heat flux vs. temperature difference＂ Pareto frontier curve is obtained, indicating that there is an optimum thickness and a corresponding optimum current that maximize the achievable temperature reduc- tion while removing a particular heat flux. This methodol- ogy also provides the possible system level AT＇s that can be achieved for a range of heat fluxes, defining the upper limits of thermoelectric cooling for that architecture. In this study, use was made of an extensive analytical model, which was verified using commercially available finite element analysis software. Through the optimization process, 3 pairs of master curves were generated, which were then used to compose the Pareto frontier for any given system architecture. Finally, a case study wasperformed to provide an in-depth demonstration of the optimization procedure for an example application.

关键词： thermoelectric cooling thermal management,optimization high flux electronics