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Effective desalination and anti-biofouling performance via surface immobilized MWCNTs on RO membrane

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第4期56卷 33-45页

作者： Aneela Sabir Wail Falath Muhammad shafiq nafisa Gull Maria Wasim Karl IJacob School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA G.W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Institute of Polymer of Textile Engineering University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

Desalination is considered a viable method to overcome the issue of water scarcity either from waste water or seawater. For this purpose, this study employed a facile approach to develop surface immobilized oxidized-MWCNTs(o-MWCNTs) onto crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) membrane. Firstly, modified polysulphone substrate was synthesized on to which crosslinked PVA layer was spread onto it. PVA layer act as active layer for surface immobilization of o-MWCNTs in varying concentration. The functional group analysis, morphology and roughness of membranes surface was conducted out using FTir, SEM and AFM respectively. The results showed that modified membranes, immobilized o-MWCNTs enhanced the salt rejection(na_(2)SO_(4)) upto 99.8%. After contacting with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus for 2.5 h the bacteria mortalities of the fabricated membrane could reach 96.9%. Furthermore, the antibiofouling tests showed that OP-MWCNTs(1-5) modified membranes have higher anti-biofouling property than the control membrane.

关键词： Surface immobilized Reverse osmosis Multi walled carbon nanotubes nanomaterials

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Evolution of plasma parameters in an Ar-N2/He inductive plasma source with magnetic pole enhancement

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第2期19卷 34-42页

作者： Maria YOUNUS N U REHMAN M shafiq M naEEM M ZAKA-UL-ISLAM M ZAKAULLAH Department of Physics Plasma Physics LaboratoryQuaid-i-Azam University45320 IslamabadPakistan Plasma Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS Institute of Information Technology44000 IslamabadPakistan Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceJazan University114 JazanSaudi Arabia

Magnetic pole enhanced inductively coupled plasmas （MaPE-ICPs） are a promising source for plasma-based etching and have a wide range of material processing applications. In the present study Langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy were used to monitor the evolution of plasma parameters in a MaPE-ICP Ar-na/He mixture plasma. Electron density （ne） and temperature （Te）, excitation temperature （Texc）, plasma potential （Vp）, skin depth （6） and the evolution of the electron energy probability function （EEPF） are reported as a function of radiofrequency （RF） power, pressure and argon concentration in the mixture. It is observed that ne increases while Te decreases with increase in RF power and argon concentration in the mixture. The emission intensity of the argon line at 750.4 nm is also used to monitor the variation of the ‘high-energy tail＇ of the EEPF with RF power and gas pressure. The EEPF has a ‘bi-Maxwellian＇ distribution at low RF powers and higher pressure in a pure N2 discharge. However, it evolves into a ‘Maxwellian＇ distribution at RF powers greater than 70 W for pure N2, and at 50 W for higher argon concentrations in the mixture. The effect of argon concentration on the temperatures of two electron groups in the ‘bi-Maxwellian＇ EEPF is examined. The temperature of the low-energy electron group TL shows a decreasing trend with argon addition until the ‘thermalization＇ of the two temperatures occurs, while the temperature of high-energy electrons Ta decreases continuously.

关键词： MaPE-ICP Langmuir probe OES EEPF

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Water quality of Kaptai reservoir in Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第1期22卷 87-92页

作者： Shyamal Karmakar S. M. Sirajul Haque M. Mozaffar Hossain M. shafiq Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences University of Chittagong Chittagong Bangladesh 4331 Department of Soil Science University of Chittagong Chittagong Bangladesh 4331

A study was conducted in Kaptai reservoir, one of the largest man-made freshwater lakes of South-east Asia, to determine present status of water quality and its suitability for fishing and other uses. Water samplings were from middle part of the reservoir at 0.2 and 0.8 fractional depths at five different locations from upstream to downstream viz. Burburichara, Maichchari, Subolong, Basanthakum, and Rangamati. Water analyses show that concentrations of NO3-N, K＋ and total P, and suspended solid at all the sampling stations were beyond the recommended values for fish culture. Concentrations of na^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, SO4^2-, Cl^-, total dissolved solid （TDS）, dissolved oxygen （DO） and chemical oxygen demand （COD） were within the standards for aquaculture. Concentrations of NO3-N, SO4^2-, K＋ and total P showed no definite trend with depths, locations as well as rainy and dry seasons. Water pH, conductivity, na^＋ and HCO3- contents were lower in rainy season, and DO and COD higher at almost all the locations in both the depths, compared with dry season. Total solids and concentrations of TDS, DO, COD, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋ and na^＋ were higher in upstream and decreased gradually towards downstream in the reservoir. Concentrations of DO and Ca2＋ and pH were higher and Mg2＋ less at 0.2-fractional depth than those at 0.8-fractional depth at almost all the locations. The reservoir is in mesotrophic condition containing high concentration of NO3-N and total P, in alarming status with the presence of excessive suspended solids from urban pollution around the town. It is necessary to adopt measures for protecting water quality in the reservoir due to such deteriorations.

关键词： Karnaphuli river lake water quality Chittagong Hill Tract

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Statistical Modelling of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Mortar using Response Surface Methodology

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Journal of Architectural Environment & Structural Engineering Research 2019年第4期2卷 11-17页

作者： Muhammad Zahid na.ir shafiq Muhammad Ali Department of Civil Engineering Universiti Teknologi PetronasSeri IskandarMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering University of Engineering and Technology LahorePakistan

The fly ash based geopolymer has emerged as a capable and sustainable binder material in construction *** pulse velocity(UPV)method is a non-destructive technique for investigating the mechanical performance of *** investigation was performed for studying the effect of naOH Molarity,na2SiO3/naOH and curing temperature on the ultrasonic pulse velocity of geopolymer *** were designed based on central composite design(CCD)technique of response surface methodology(RSM).Statistical model was developed and statistically validated and found significant as the difference between adjustable R-squared and predicted R-squared less than ***,the optimized mix proportion was assessed for maximized value of *** validation on the optimized mix reveals the close agreement between experimental and predicted values of UPV with significance level of more than 95%.The proposed technique improves the yield,the reliability of the product and the processes.

关键词： Geopolymer Fly ash naOH molarity na2SiO3/naOH Curing temperature Ultrasonic pulse velocity Response surface methodology Optimization

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