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Common Methods of Contraception Used at Monkey Bay Community Hospital in Mangochi District, Malawi

Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第1期11卷 13-20页

作者： David S. Chung Peter S. park Sohyun Jeon Sue Min Shin Ji Woo Han Chaieun Lee Andrew Mun William Mun Yun Jae Shin Lorie Kim Jairos B. Makangano Fatsani Manase Thomas Nyirenda School of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Youth with Talents Fairfax VA USA Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Clinical Research Education and Management Service Lilongwe Malawi

To determine commonly used methods of contraception at Monkey Bay Community hospital, to compare different methods of contraception used by people of various age groups, parity, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Marital status, a clinical audit of family planning methods used by clients at Monkey Community hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 was done. Data was collected from the registers. A total number of 1734 clients reported at family planning clinic of Monkey-Bay Community Hospital between January 2018 and June 2019. All the clients were females. Most of these clients were in the age range of 15 - 34 years (83.33%). There were 1,486 (87%) HIV negative clients, 208 (12%) HIV positive clients and 24 (1%) had unknown HIV status. Most clients had a parity of 1 - 2 (905, 52.71%) followed by 3 - 4 (540, 31.45%) and 5 or plus (272, 15.84%). There were more married people (1641, 97.23%) than unmarried ones (46, 2.73%). There was only one person who was divorced (1, 0.05%). Education status was not recorded. The five commonly used contraceptive methods were: Intramuscular (IM) injectable Depo-IM (1366, 79.51%), Jadelle (122, 7.10%), Subcutaneous (SC) injectable Depo-SC (65, 3.78%), Combined Oral Contraceptives (COC) (60, 3.49%) and Implanon (40, 2.33%). None of the clients was used female condoms as a method of contraception. The contraceptive use was common between the age group of 15 - 24 (707, 44.92%) and 25 - 34 (709, 45%). Depo-IM was most used in age group 25 - 34 (44.5%) while Jadelle was mostly used by 15 - 24 years old (48%). 1181 clients (79.5%) of HIV negative clients used Depo-IM as the contraceptive method while 164 clients (78.8%) of HIV positive clients used Depo IM as a method of contraception. More HIV negative clients used Jadelle and COC as compared to HIV positive clients. The choice of a particular method of contraception was influenced by many factors. Parity, marital status, age as well as HIV status did have some association with the pre

关键词： Contraception Parity HIV Mangochi Malawi

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应用双结扎技术进行内镜黏膜下切除术治疗直肠小类癌

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 27-28页

作者： Moon J.H. Kim J.H. park C.H. 孟欣颖 Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineHallym University896 Pyungchon-dongDongan-guAnyang-CityKyungki-do 431-796South Korea.Dr

Background and Study Aims: It is difficult to achieve complete endoscopic resection of rectal carcinoid tumors without any procedure-related complications. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal resection with double ligation (ESMR-DL) for the treatment of small rectal carcinoid tumors. Patients and Methods: Eleven rectal carcinoid tumors (in 11 patients) were resected by ESMR-DL between November 2001 and April 2004, using a conventional single-channel endoscope with an attached band-ligator device. The lesion was aspirated into the ligator device and an elastic band was placed around the base; a detachable snare was then used to ligate the stalk below the elastic band; and snare resection was performed above the elastic band. The resected specimens were examined with respect to size, histological atypia, depth of invasion, and the histological appearance of the resection margins. Results: All the lesions were excised completely without any complications. There was no tumor invasion beyond the submucosal layer and there was no evidence of atypia in any of the specimens. Tumor diameter varied from 2.0 mm to 10.0 mm (average 6.2 mm). None of the 11 specimens showed histopathological evidence of tumor involvement at the resection margins. There were no immediate or late complications (bleeding or perforation) after ESMR-DL. There was no local recurrence and there were no distant metastases in any patients during the mean follow-up period of 18 months. Conclusion: Endoscopic submucosal resection with double ligation is a useful and safe method for the treatment of small rectal carcinoid tumors.

关键词：类癌切除术双结切缘圈套器浸润深度肿瘤浸润套扎不典型增生不典型性

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血清胆固醇水平不同的母猪奶中无机元素的含量

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河南科技大学学报（农学版） 1995年第2期19卷 42-46页

作者： YoungW.park Miltonkandeh KooB.Chin WilsonG.Pond LawrenceD.Young 任培欣

关于母猪奶中全部必需无机元素成份的综合性资料很少。本项研究的目的是测定以血清胆固醇含量高低为选择目标的杂交第三代母猪8周龄时奶中大量和微量矿物元素的含量,并探讨猪奶中胆固醇含量与大量及微量矿物元素含量的相互关系,试验猪... 详细信息

关于母猪奶中全部必需无机元素成份的综合性资料很少。本项研究的目的是测定以血清胆固醇含量高低为选择目标的杂交第三代母猪8周龄时奶中大量和微量矿物元素的含量,并探讨猪奶中胆固醇含量与大量及微量矿物元素含量的相互关系,试验猪为切斯特白猪×长白猪×大白猪×约克夏杂交母猪,其中血清胆固醇高的21头,低的21头,未选择的对照组8头,于第一个泌乳期的第20或21天挤奶测定。所有试验母猪在娠妊和泌乳期均饲喂一种以玉米和大豆粉为基础的标准日粮。奶中Ca、K、Mg、na和P的含量在各组母猪间没有差异,这表明对血清胆固醇含量的遗传选择不影响奶中大量矿物元素的含量。血清胆图醇含量高的母猪奶中S的含量显著(P<0.05)高于未选择对照组母猪。遗传因素对奶中B、Al、Cu和Mn含量的影响显著,但对Mo和Zn的含量无显著影响。以总体数据计算,奶中胆固醇含量与Al(P<0.05)、B(P<0.01)和Mn(P<0.05)含量呈负相关,而与其它矿物元素的含量无关。

关键词：胆固醇遗传变异猪奶矿物元素选择

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磁共振胰胆管造影术定位肝内胆管结石并检测伴随的胆管狭窄的精确性

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 23-24页

作者： park D.H. Kim M.H. Lee S.S. 陈云茹 Dept. of Internal Medicine Univ. of Ulsan College of Medicine Asan Medical Center 388-1 Pungnap-dong Songpa-gu Seoul 138-736 South KoreaDr.

Background and Study Aims: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is rapidly replacing diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in various pancreaticobiliary diseases. This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of MRCP in detection of hepatolithiasis and accompanying biliary strictures. Patients and Methods: A prospective study over 2 years was conducted in 66 patients with primary intrahepatic stones. All patients with hepatolithiasis underwent percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTC) within 2 weeks of the MRCP examination. The MRCP findings were compared with those of PTC as there ference standard for assessing the location of intrahepatic stones and the presence or absence of accompanying biliary strictures. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRCP for detecting and locating intrahepatic stones were 97%, 99%, and 98%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRCP for detecting and locating intrahepatic bile duct strictures were 93% , 97%, and 97%, respectively. During PTC, six of the 66 patients (9%) were found on histology to have intraductal cholangiocarcinoma in stone-bearing ducts, which had not been suspected on MRCP. Conclusions: In this study, MRCP allowed intrahepatic stones and accompanying biliary strictures to be located accurately . MRCP may therefore be able to replace diagnostic ERCP in patients with primary intrahepatic stones. However, MRCP had a limited ability to reveal concurrent intraductal cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis.

关键词：肝内胆管结石造影术胰胆管胆胰疾病胆石前瞻性调查特异性

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税收服务生物医药创新企业发展分析——基于苏州工业园区生物医药创新企业的调查研究

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国际税收 2023年第9期 53-57页

作者：国家税务总局苏州工业园区税务局调研组陈日生徐伟缪海华国家税务总局苏州工业园区税务局调研组

生物医药产业是关系国计民生和国家安全的战略性新兴产业。苏州工业园区生物医药产业的综合竞争力在全国处于领先地位,集群效应初步显现。为了更好地服务生物医药产业创新发展,国家税务总局苏州工业园区税务局调研组以710户生物医药创... 详细信息

生物医药产业是关系国计民生和国家安全的战略性新兴产业。苏州工业园区生物医药产业的综合竞争力在全国处于领先地位,集群效应初步显现。为了更好地服务生物医药产业创新发展,国家税务总局苏州工业园区税务局调研组以710户生物医药创新企业为调研对象,通过问卷调查、走访调研等多种方式,了解现行税收政策对生物医药创新企业的作用,分析企业享受税收优惠政策遇到的难点问题,并提出完善吸引生物医药科技人才的税费优惠政策、将税收优惠政策从所得税体系扩展到流转税体系、对国家鼓励的研发项目给予房产税优惠、提高技术转让免征额、放宽研发费用加计扣除政策行业限制等建议。

关键词：生物医药产业税费政策税收优惠科技创新加计扣除

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依据结肠镜下指征诊断晚期结肠直肠瘤:一项韩国肠病研究学会的调查

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 20-21页

作者： park D.I. Kim Y.H. Kim H.S. 周智勇 Samsung Medical Center 50 Irwon-dongGangnam-ku135-230 SeoulSouth Korea

Background and Study Aims: The factors that more accurately predict the detection of colorectal cancers and adenomas at colonoscopy are different. We conducted a prospective multicenter study to evaluate which indications were most closely associated with advanced colorectal neoplasm (CRN), including colorectal cancer, in a group of patients undergoing colonoscopy. Patients and Methods: The 17468 patients were enrolled in this study between July 2003 and March 2004, from 11 tertiary medical centers in Korea. They were recruited according to 11 itemized colonoscopic indications. The term “advanced adenoma" refers here to tubular adenomas of diameter of 11 mm or more, or to tubulovillous, villous, or severely dysplastic adenomas, irrespective of their size. Cancer was defined as the invasion of malignant cells beyond the muscularis mucosa. Advanced CRN was defined as advanced adenoma or invasive cancer. Results: Advanced CRN was found in 1227/17 307 patients (1176 advanced adenomas plus 51 carcinomas, 7.1%). According to univariate and multivariate analysis, the factors associated with advanced CRN included age > 60 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.1, 95%confidence interval (CI) 1.8-2.4, P < 0.0001), male gender (OR 2.1, 95%CI 1.7-2.7, P < 0.0001), referral for colonoscopy from primary care physician (OR 3.1, 95%CI 2.5-3.7, P < 0.0001), and several other indications (OR 1.8, 95%CI 1.5-2.3, P < 0.001). The yield of colonoscopy for advanced CRN was lower (2.2%) than expected in patients with iron-deficiency anemia (OR 0.5, 95%CI 0.2-0.9, P=0.03). Conclusions: Age, gender, and referral for colonoscopy from primary care physician constituted important independent predictors of advanced CRN in patients undergoing colonoscopy.

关键词：结肠直肠结肠镜检查研究学会浸润性癌不典型增生恶性细胞黏膜肌层三级医疗瘤形成单变量

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亲水性导丝辅助导尿术在尿道损伤所致急性尿潴留病人盲插失败后的应用

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第3期 298-299页

作者： S.H.Jeong S.J.park Y.H.Kim 李金芳 Department of Radiology Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon1174JungdongWonmiguBucheon 420-767Republic of Korea

目的评估尿道损伤盲插导尿术失败后应用透视导向下亲水性导丝辅助导尿术治疗尿潴留的疗效。方法38例男性病人诊断为尿路损伤(其中1名2次行逆行尿道造影术)。年龄41～85岁(平均60岁)。尿道损伤原因包括医源性损伤(n=18)、自行拔除尿管引... 详细信息

目的评估尿道损伤盲插导尿术失败后应用透视导向下亲水性导丝辅助导尿术治疗尿潴留的疗效。方法38例男性病人诊断为尿路损伤(其中1名2次行逆行尿道造影术)。年龄41～85岁(平均60岁)。尿道损伤原因包括医源性损伤(n=18)、自行拔除尿管引起的损伤(n=12)、骑跨伤(n=6)

关键词：尿道损伤导尿术透视创伤

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包头市工业园区布局研究构想

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阴山学刊（自然科学版） 2015年第4期29卷 53-56页

作者：丁占良那玉林李双包头师范学院资源与环境学院内蒙古包头014030 内蒙古科技大学经济与管理学院内蒙古包头014010

根据国内外工业园区布局研究的现状和包头市工业园区布局实践中存在的问题,提出包头市工业园区布局研究等问题。研究目标是完善工业园区布局理论和提出包头市工业园区布局的调整方案。研究内容主要包括工业园区布局研究对象的确定及研... 详细信息

根据国内外工业园区布局研究的现状和包头市工业园区布局实践中存在的问题,提出包头市工业园区布局研究等问题。研究目标是完善工业园区布局理论和提出包头市工业园区布局的调整方案。研究内容主要包括工业园区布局研究对象的确定及研究意义、工业园区布局的区域背景研究、工业园区整体布局模式、各工业园区布局、工业园区布局的调整方案等。研究方法主要为文献收集、比较归纳、遥感、GIS技术、规范分析、野外考察和座谈访问等。技术路线的总体格局是从宏观到微观,具体表现为:区域经济→园区系统→园区,体现出系统逐级控制的观点。

关键词：工业园区布局包头市

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A Simple Method That Can Compensate the Refraction of the Array Transducer Lens

A Simple Method That Can Compensate the Refraction of the Ar...

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2008 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Moo-Ho Bae Han-Woo Lee Sung Bae park Ra-Young Yoon Jeons-Ho Ham Se Hoon Chang Dae Young Kim Mok-Kun Jeong Yung-Gil Kim Hallym Univ. Department of Electronic Engineering Medison Co.LTD. Daejin Univ.

＜正＞Background,Motivation and Objective A fixed acoustic lens is often employed for elevation focusing of the one dimensional array transducer which is widely used in the diagnostic ultrasound *** lens generates ref...

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Critical Operation Strategies Toward High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

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Renewables 2023年第2期1卷 114-141页

作者： Lanting Qian Tyler Or Yun Zheng Matthew Li Dana Karim Andy Cui Moin Ahmed HeyWoong park Zhen Zhang Yaping Deng Aiping Yu Zhongwei Chen Khalil Amine Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1 Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinois 60439 Hinsdale Central High School HindsaleIllinois 50521 Henry Gunn High School Palo AltoCalifornia 94306

Commercial lithium(Li)-ion batteries(LIBs)are approaching their theoretical limits in energy *** a result,Li metal batteries(LMBs)with either liquid or solid-state electrolytes have been proposed as a next-generation alternative,although they currently pose major safety and stability *** resolve these issues,most research has focused on the development and production of novelmaterials and *** promising performance benchmarks have been achieved,these strategiesmay generate issues for large-scale production,due to the added costs associated with using novel materials and developing the required cell fabrication process and *** external conditions,such as selecting specific cell cycling protocols,testing the cell or synthesizing materials at specific temperatures,testing or fabricating the cell under specific mechanical pressures,etc.,are often overlooked as a means of directly improving battery performance without requiring complex material *** this review,we will discuss how these external parameters can address the key failure mechanisms and challenges in LMBs that use either liquid or solid *** and differences in mechanisms(Li+transport,Li dendrite propagation,thermal effects,etc.)observed in liquid and solid-state configurations will also be ***,we propose the outstanding scientific and economic gaps in LMBs,thereby providing future directions to explore.

关键词： energy storage lithium metal batteries solidstate batteries temperature protocols pressure

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