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论《啊!美好的日子》的戏剧形式

廊坊师范学院学报（社会科学版） 2022年第4期38卷 30-37页

作者：王丽娜廊坊师范学院文学院河北廊坊065000

贝克特的荒诞剧《啊!美好的日子》的戏剧形式特征并非有的研究者所说的“反叙事性”。实际上,贝克特反对的不是叙事本身,而是传统戏剧以因果关联来组织诸故事元素的既成惯例。可以说,《啊!美好的日子》是贝克特面对新的时间经验进行情... 详细信息

贝克特的荒诞剧《啊!美好的日子》的戏剧形式特征并非有的研究者所说的“反叙事性”。实际上,贝克特反对的不是叙事本身,而是传统戏剧以因果关联来组织诸故事元素的既成惯例。可以说,《啊!美好的日子》是贝克特面对新的时间经验进行情节惯例创新的一部剧作,它在观演时间中构造了一个新的心理时间。传统戏剧的心理时间是整一的,跨越了较长的宇宙论时间,而贝克特在《啊!美好的日子》一剧中构筑的心理时间仅仅涵盖“当下”,并且该剧构筑的一个个心理时间相互之间是不连贯的。传统戏剧的心理时间图式像抛物线,而《啊!美好的日子》一剧的心理时间图式则像没有端点的向两端无限延伸的虚线。这种心理时间经验被“日常”这一时间模式所容纳,“日常”以其现在性和重演为混乱赋予了新形式,这正是《啊!美好的日子》一剧对情节惯例的创新所在。

关键词：《啊!美好的日子》贝克特保罗·利科叙事心理时间图式日常

Inhibiting 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3 alleviates pathological changes of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 2019-2028页

作者： li-Fen liu Yu-Tong liu Dan-Dan Wu Jie Cheng Na-Na Li Ya-Ni Zheng liang Huang Qiong-Lan Yuan Department of Neurology Shanghai Tongji HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Radiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Department of Human Anatomy Histology&EmbryologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques are main pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease.However,the specific type of neuro ns that produce Aβ peptides in the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.In this study,we found that 5-hydroxytryptamin receptor 3A subunit(HTR3A) was highly expressed in the brain tissue of transgenic amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 mice(an Alzheimer’s disease model) and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.To investigate whether HTR3A-positive interneurons are associated with the production of Aβ plaques,we performed double immunostaining and found that HTR3A-positive interneurons were clustered around Aβ plaques in the mouse model.Some amyloid precursor protein-positive or β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1-positive neurites near Aβ plaques were co-localized with HTR3A interneurons.These results suggest that HTR3A-positive interneurons may partially contribute to the generation of Aβ peptides.We treated 5.0-5.5-month-old model mice with tro pisetron,a HTR3 antagonist,for 8 consecutive weeks.We found that the cognitive deficit of mice was partially reversed,Aβ plaques and neuroinflammation we re remarkably reduced,the expression of HTR3 was remarkably decreased and the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cell 4 signaling pathway was inhibited in treated model mice.These findings suggest that HTR3A interneurons partly contribute to generation of Aβ peptide at the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease and inhibiting HTR3 partly reve rses the pathological changes of Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： 5-hydroxytryptamin receptor 3 Alzheimer’s disease amyloid beta plaques calcineurin cognitive deficits HTR3 interneurons iCa2+ nuclear factor of activated T-cells transgenic amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 mice tropisetron

Adult neurogenesis in the primate hippocampus

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Zoological Research 2023年第2期44卷 315-322页

作者： Ye li na-na Xu Zhao-Zhe Hao Sheng liu State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangzhouGuangdong 510060China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease GuangzhouGuangdong 510080China

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis(AHN) is crucial for learning,memory,and emotion.Deficits of AHN may lead to reduced cognitive abilities and neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer’s disease.Extensive studies on rodent AHN have clarified the developmental and maturation processes of adult neural stem/progenitor cells.However,to what extent these findings apply to primates remains controversial.Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have enabled in-depth investigation of the transcriptome of AHN-related populations at single-cell resolution.Here,we summarize studies of AHN in primates.Results suggest that neurogenesis is largely shared across species,but substantial differences also exist.Marker gene expression patterns in primates differ from those of rodents.Compared with rodents,the primate hippocampus has a higher proportion of immature dentate granule cells and a longer maturation period of newly generated granule cells.Future research on species divergence may deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying adult neurogenesis in primates.

关键词： Neural precursor cells Immature granule cells Sc-Rna-seq

海洋石油开发中的环境保护立法之完善——以规制海洋石油开发溢油为视角

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求是学刊 2018年第3期45卷 100-107页

作者：李永张丽娜海南省南海政策与法律研究中心海南大学法学院

海洋石油开发溢油因其对海洋环境破坏力度大、影响范围广以及损害持续时间长,已成为海洋石油开发中的最大环境安全隐患。现实中产生的法律困境,折射出我国环境保护立法在规制海洋石油开发溢油问题上,存在应急预案制度不够健全、保障机... 详细信息

海洋石油开发溢油因其对海洋环境破坏力度大、影响范围广以及损害持续时间长,已成为海洋石油开发中的最大环境安全隐患。现实中产生的法律困境,折射出我国环境保护立法在规制海洋石油开发溢油问题上,存在应急预案制度不够健全、保障机制不够完善以及处罚规则有待强化等问题。以上问题之解决,可在以《海洋环境保护法》为核心法源的基础上,重塑体系构造,完善制度设置予以实现。

关键词：海洋石油开发环境保护溢油立法

Positive Solutions for a Class of Fractional p-Laplacian Equation with Critical Sobolev Exponent and Decaying Potentials

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2022年第2期38卷 463-483页

作者： na li Xiao-ming HE College of Science Minzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China

In this paper,we study the existence of positive solution for the p-Laplacian equations with frac-tional critical nonlinearity{-Δ)_(p)^(s)u+V(x)|u|^(p-2)u=K(x)f(u)+P(x)|u|p_(s)^(*)-^(2)u,x∈R^(N),u∈Ds,p(RN),where s∈(0,1),p_(s)^(*)=Np/N-sp,N>sp,p>1 and V(x),K(x)are positive continuous functions which vanish at infinity,f is a function with a subcritical growth,and P(x)is bounded,nonnegative continuous function.By using variational method in the weighted spaces,we prove the above problem has at least one positive solution.

关键词： Fractional p-Laplacian Variational methods Mountain Pass Theorem Critical growth Vanishing potential

Effects of primary microglia and astrocytes on neural stem cells in in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1677-1685页

作者： Sheng-Jun Wen Xi-Min Zheng li-Fen liu Na-Na Li Hai-An Mao liang Huang Qiong-Lan Yuan Department of Neurology Shanghai Tongji HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Transplantation of neural stem cells(NSCs) can protect neurons in animal stroke models;however, their low rates of survival and neuronal differentiation limit their clinical application. Glial niches, an important location of neural stem cells, regulate survival, proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. However, the effects of activated glial cells on neural stem cells remain unclear. In the present study, we explored the effects of activated astrocytes and microglia on neural stem cells in vitro stroke models. We also investigated the effects of combined transplantation of neural stem cells and glial cells after stroke in rats. In a Transwell co-culture system, primary cultured astrocytes, microglia or mixed glial cells were exposed to glutamate or H_2O_2 and then seeded in the upper inserts, while primary neural stem cells were seeded in the lower uncoated wells and cultured for 7 days. Our results showed that microglia were conducive to neurosphere formation and had no effects on apoptosis within neurospheres, while astrocytes and mixed glial cells were conducive to neurosphere differentiation and reduced apoptosis within neurospheres, regardless of their pretreatment. In contrast, microglia and astrocytes induced neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells in differentiation medium, regardless of their pretreatment, with an exception of astrocytes pretreated with H_2O_2. Rat models of ischemic stroke were established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Three days later, 5 × 10~5 neural stem cells with microglia or astrocytes were injected into the right lateral ventricle. Neural stem cell/astrocyte-treated rats displayed better improvement of neurological deficits than neural stem cell only-treated rats at 4 days after cell transplantation. Moreover, neural stem cell/microglia-, and neural stem cell/astrocyte-treated rats showed a significant decrease in ischemic volume compared with neural stem celltreated rats. These findings indicate that microglia and astrocytes exert different ef

关键词： astrocytes glutamate microglia neural stem cells neurogenesis neurons peroxide repair stroke

The betaine-dependent remethylation pathway is a homocysteine metabolism pathway associated with the carnivorous feeding habits of spiders

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Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1047-1058页

作者： Jingjing li Fangfang li na Yu Zewen liu Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests(Ministry of Education) College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina

Homocysteine(Hcy)is a sulfur-containing amino acid derived from the essential amino acid methionine(Met).Circulating levels of Hcy in animals can be increased by feeding on Met-enriched diets,which is generally considered harmful.Spiders are one of the largest groups of obligate carnivores and feed on animals high in protein and Met.We analyzed the Hcy metabolism pathways in 18 species of 3 taxa(Mammalia,Insecta,and Arachnida)and found that the betaine-dependent remethylation pathway(BRP)was present in all carnivorous arachnid species and mammals but absent in insects and red spider mites.We then studied the Hcy metabolism pathway in Pardosa pseudoannulata.In P.pseudoannulata,Hcy is metabolized through the transsulfuration pathway,BRP,and S-methylmethionine-dependent remethylation pathway.Because of a prior duplication event of the betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase(BHMT)gene in the BRP,BHMTa and BHMTb are present in tandem in the genome of P.pseudoannulata.The high expression levels of BHMTa and its high abundance in detoxification tissues indicate that it plays an important role in the BRP;the ability of BHMTa and BHMTb to remethylate Hcy using betaine as substrate was similar.Compared with other Hcy metabolic enzyme genes,BHMT responded quickly to the application of Hcy or betaine.In sum,the BRP is important in Hcy metabolism in P.pseudoannulata and in other spider species.

关键词： betaine homocysteine S-methy ltransferase homocysteine metabolism Par-dosa pseudonulata spiders

Testing High-Dimensional Nonparametric Behrens-Fisher Problem

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2022年第3期35卷 1098-1115页

作者： MENG Zhen li na YUAN Ao Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biostatistics Bioinformatics and BiomathematicsGeorgetown UniversityWashington 20057USA

For high-dimensional nonparametric Behrens-Fisher problem in which the data dimension is larger than the sample size,the authors propose two test statistics in which one is U-statistic Rankbased Test(URT)and another is Cauchy Combination Test(CCT).CCT is analogous to the maximumtype test,while URT takes into account the sum of squares of differences of ranked samples in different dimensions,which is free of shapes of distributions and robust to outliers.The asymptotic distribution of URT is derived and the closed form for calculating the statistical significance of CCT is given.Extensive simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the finite sample power performance of the statistics by comparing with the existing method.The simulation results show that our URT is robust and powerful method,meanwhile,its practicability and effectiveness can be illustrated by an application to the gene expression data.

关键词： Cauchy combination test nonparametric Behrens-Fisher problem rank-based test U-statistic

Anomalies of Precipitation over China on Days with Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Bay of Bengal: Role of Moisture Transport

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 368-382页

作者： na WEI Ying li Xiaoting FAN nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing 210041 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433

Tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal(BoBTC)affect the precipitation over China,with distinct seasonal and daily variabilities.This study quantitatively examines the daily standardized precipitation anomalies(SPAs)over China on the days with BoBTC activities(storm-days)and related circulations,based on rainfall measurements at surface meteorological stations and ECMWF reanalysis data on a 0.25°×0.25°resolution during 1979-2019.Significant positive SPA is found over the stations in the two adjacent regions around BoB(Southwest China in May/November and southern Tibetan Plateau in October)and three distant regions(Southeast China and the northeastern boundary of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in May,and central North China in October).The SPA distributions are remarkably consistent with the integrated water vapor transport(IVT)anomalies.Enhanced IVT is found associated with the interaction between southwesterly(southerly)of the BoBTC circulation and low-level monsoonal flow in May(midlevel westerly in winter months).The probabilities of extreme precipitation(EP)occurrences over the above regions all increase on storm-days.For adjacent regions,EP is significantly correlated with the northward IVT anomalies to the east of BoBTC circulation,which strengthen the water vapor input through the southern border.Such IVT anomalies are stronger in May,benefited by the deep monsoonal southwesterlies than those in November.For distant regions,EP is more closely related to the IVT anomaly extending back from BoB.Enhanced moisture from BoB concentrates along a local low-level convergence line over Southeast China,being further facilitated by coexistence of the BoBTC depression and midlevel westerly trough in midlatitudes.Our results highlight the interactions between BoBTCs and local weather systems that influence the general precipitation anomalies and occurrence of EP over China,especially over distant regions.

关键词： tropical cyclone Bay of Bengal precipitation anomaly moisture transport